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Biomedical subjects

J E Tong

Publications and source records attributed to J E Tong.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1980

Alcohol and velocity perception: II. Stimulus discrimination.

The ability of 14 men to discriminate between successively paired velocity presentations was impaired by alcohol particularly with higher stimulus speeds and for the presentation order fast-slow. Alcohol also increased the number of false alarms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Effects of tobacco, time on task, and stimulus speed on judgments of velocity and time.

16 college students were required to predict the time of target arrival for a stimulus apparently moving horizontally to a point of occlusion and to reproduce the time interval the stimulus was present under smoking and no-smoking conditions. Tobacco resulted in underestimations of velocity and time judgments particularly in the early stage of the task and for the slowest stimulus speed.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Tobacco smoking, personality and sex factors in auditory vigilance performance.

A total of 120 university students comprising equal groups of male and female non-smokers, smokers not smoking and smokers smoking; were compared for performance on a 60 min auditory vigilance task. Non-smokers consistently detected more signals throughout the test. A significant interaction showed that while non-smokers detected fewer signals as the test progressed, smokers increased their number of detections. There were no sex differences and no overall EPI differences in scores, although extraverted non-smokers gave significantly higher scores than introverted non-smokers with the converse being present for smokers. The results are discussed in relation to hippocampal functions and indicate that smoking should be taken into account in experiments involving sustained attention.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Combined effects of tobacco and caffeine on the components of choice reaction-time heart rate, and hand steadiness.

Eight male smokers were tested under 6 conditions comprising the combinations of 200 mg. caffeine or no caffeine, with no cigarette, one 0.3-mg. nicotine cigarette or one 1.3-mg. nicotine cigarette, for decision time and motor time scores on a choice reaction-time task. Heart rate was monitored from a pretest period throughout the session, and hand steadiness measured on repeated occasions. Decision-time scores were significantly decreased by both caffeine and nicotine, but no interaction was found. The high-nicotine cigarette had the greatest effect. Motor time scores were improved by caffeine only. Both caffeine alone and nicotine alone accelerated the heart rate but in combination appeared to have antagonistic effects. Hand steadiness was significantly impaired by both drugs but with no interaction.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Effects of ethanol and tobacco on time judgment.

To determine the effects of the joint administration of tobacco and ethanol on short-interval time production and to search for differences between the ascending, the peak and the descending limb of the blood alcohol curve, two groups of 6 male subjects were tested on intervals of 1.5, 4.0 and 9.0 sec. Ethanol at 0.06% and 0.08% blood alcohol significantly lengthened the scores and one cigarette produced lower scores. The relationship between level of blood alcohol and time scores reversed in the latter part of the test session. The results are discussed in terms of effects of drugs on arousal systems.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

A comment on critical flicker fusion as an objective measure of alcohol tolerance by alcoholics.

A previous paper reported that for alcoholics the threshold for critical flicker fusion is relatively unchanged by the ingestion of alcohol and concluded therefore that the technique could be used to indicate tolerance to alcohol. The present paper urges caution in this respect owing to the evidence that clinical subjects frequently adopt more cautious response strategies than normals with psychophysical procedures. Reports are also reviewed which indicate that alcoholics consume more tobacco than normals and that the stimulant effect of nicotine could antagonize the depressant effect of alcohol on CFF.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1975

The influence of alcohol and tobacco on the components of choice reaction time.

In smokers a low dose of alcohol slightly improved decision time on a choice reaction-time task and in combination with tobacco resulted in significant improvement compared with placebo conditions. In nonsmokers decision time deteriorated significantly after a moderate dose of alcohol but not in smokers. The results are attributed to the stimulant action of a smoking dose of nicotine interacting with low levels of alcohol.

Administration, Oral↗