PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Eberhard

Publications and source records attributed to J Eberhard.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Indications and results of surgically treated, with temporary vena cava filter managed patients].

Heavily injured patients, patients who underwent operations on pelvis, hips, abdomen or malignoma surgery, as well as gynaecology patients suffering from malignoma or previous deep femoral vein thrombosis in connection with pregnancy or obesity are at risk to suffer from pulmonary embolism with potentially lethal course. In a retrospective study we evaluated the advantage of the prophylactic use of temporary vena cava filters and their side effects. The indications were 18 cases of surgery, with known iliacal vein or cava thrombosis, 3 cases of pregnancy thromboses, and 1 high-dose heparinisation after acute pulmonary embolism without lysis. Additionally a postoperative lysis therapy was performed due to a life-threatening pulmonary embolism in 1 patient. 1 Cook filter (transfemoral), 3 Angiocor filters (transbrachial), and 19 Antheor filters (3 transjugular, 5 transfemoral, 11 transbrachial) were implanted. In these patients no clinically visible pulmonary embolism occurred under therapy, 3 thrombi were detected in the filter. Complications were caused either by the underlying therapy alone (1 lethal outcome of abdominal aortic aneurysm surgery), by the combination of therapy and cava filter implantation (1 case of arm haematoma, 1 ascending thrombosis) or by filter implantation alone (2 cases of v. subclavia thrombosis, 1 dislocation, 1 basket rupture). Since temporary cava filters have no secondary complications per se, their use seems justified as long as there is strict indication including presence of iliacal vein or cava thrombosis and risk of thrombi mobilisation.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1995

Preservation of fetal ventral mesencephalic cells by cool storage: in-vitro viability and TH-positive neuron survival after microtransplantation to the striatum.

Preservation of fetal ventral mesencephalic (VM) dopaminergic tissue prior to transplantation has been hampered by the fact that the cells are vulnerable to mechanical and osmotic stress after storage. Previous quantitative studies have shown that cool storage in a so-called 'hibernation medium' prior to grafting, can be used safely for up to 2 days without morphological or functional losses [16,32] using standard transplantation techniques. In the present study on rat fetal VM tissue we have investigated (i) the accuracy of different vital stains (trypan blue exclusion and ethidium bromide stain) to predict in vivo viability of VM cell suspensions after grafting; (ii) the influence of different storage media (glucose-saline, HBSS, DMEM, CO2-independent medium and hibernation medium), temperatures (+4 degrees C or +21 degrees C) and preparations (cell suspension or intact pieces) on the viability scores and total number of cells in vitro; and (iii) the survival and functional effects of intrastriatally grafted VM tissue after preservation by cool storage for up to 12 days using a less traumatic microtransplantation technique. The results show that cool storage at +4 degrees C of intact VM pieces in hibernation medium gives the best in vitro viability scores. Microtransplantation of cell suspensions prepared from cool-stored VM tissue produced good survival of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive graft neurons for up to 8 days of storage, and functional compensation in the amphetamine-rotation test for up to 12 days of storage. The total yield of surviving TH-positive neurons was unchanged, compared to fresh grafts, after 5 and 8 days of storage, and only reduced by 48% in the grafts stored for 12 days prior to implantation. These findings highlight the potential usefulness of a combination of cool storage and microtransplantation techniques to be able to extend the preservation periods of VM tissue. Such procedures may ultimately help to increase the safety and flexibility in experimental and clinical studies on neural transplantation of dopaminergic neurons.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Anemia in puerperium; parenteral iron substitution renders erythropoietin therapy dispensable].

In a double-blind, randomised study we treated 36 women in the puerperium with haemoglobin concentration below 9 g/dl with 400 mg Fe . 20 women received 20,000 IE erythropoietin (rHuEPO) i.v. in addition, 12 women received placebos. In both groups there were no differences in the haematological and iron parameters in the first 4 weeks after delivery. The results show that the additional therapy with rHuEPO in postpartum anaemia is not justified. The limiting factor in a quick correction of the postpartum anaemia is the insufficient presence of iron at the end of pregnancy. The therapy of choice for quick and safe correction of p.p. anaemia is the effective intravenous iron supplementation.

Anemia, Iron-Deficiency↗
PubMed1995

Risk factors for motor vehicle crashes among older drivers in a rural community.

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the motor vehicle crash rate in a cohort of older drivers from a rural community and to identify health-related conditions that increase their risk for crash involvement. DESIGN: Cohort study with 5 years of crash-record surveillance. SETTING: The Iowa 65+ Rural Health Study, one of four Established Populations for Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly (EPESE). PARTICIPANTS: A total of 1791 drivers aged 68 years and older. MAIN MEASURES: Exposure measures of physical, mental, and sensory well-being from a health interview survey; outcome measure of police-reported crashes maintained by the Iowa Department of Motor Vehicles. RESULTS: Between 1985 and 1989, 206 drivers were involved in 245 state-recorded crashes. The estimated annual crash involvement rate for these rural older drivers (28 per 1000 driving-years) was about 20% less than the national average for drivers aged 65 years and over (36 per 1,000). An increased risk for motor vehicle crashes was associated with episodes of back pain (Relative Risk = 1.4, P < .05), use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (RR = 1.7, P < .01), and poor performance on a free-recall memory test (RR = 1.4, P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: If these and other geriatric conditions are confirmed as risk factors for motor vehicle crashes, medical guidelines for license renewal may need updating and health professionals may need new instruments to detect older patients at high risk for unsafe driving.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1995

Use of ultrafast computed tomography in dental surgery: a case report.

A case of a transdental fixation planned on the basis of ultrafast computed tomography is reported. This method allows to gain an insight in the osseous structures required for the operative procedure. Ultrafast computed tomography is superior to the conventional radiographs in obtaining accurate information about the vertical bone supply and the extension of the facial osseous sinus wall. A set of axial CT-images with an extension of 3 mm was acquired in the region of the alveolar bone. By means of frontal reconstructions and data processing methods the thickness of the bone layer in transverse direction was accurately determined. The calculated bone thickness allowed to anchor a transdental self-tapping titanium screw.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

A microtransplantation approach for cell suspension grafting in the rat Parkinson model: a detailed account of the methodology.

Shortcomings of current techniques used for the intracerebral transplantation of ventral mesencephalic dopamine neurons include low graft survival, high variability, considerable implantation trauma and suboptimal graft integration. In order to overcome these limitations, we have adopted a microtransplantation approach which allows precise and reproducible implantation of ventral mesencephalon cell suspensions at single or multiple sites with minimal trauma and improved survival and integration of the grafted neurons [Nikkhah et al. (1994) Brain Res. 633, 133-143]. The present study was undertaken to determine the influence of different grafting parameters as well as the time-course of development of micrografted dopaminergic neurons and to devise an optimal microtransplantation procedure in the rat Parkinson model, Rats with unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesions of the nigrostriatal pathway received four graft deposits of either 0.25, 0.5, 1.0 or 2.0 microliters along four injection tracts (150,000 cells/microliters) using either a glass capillary (o.d. 50-70 microns) or a regular cannula (o.d. 0.50 mm, metal cannula grafts). At one, two and 12 weeks postgrafting (capillary grafts) and at 12 weeks postgrafting (metal cannula grafts) dopamine neuron survival and graft volumes were measured and the implantation trauma assessed by glial fibrillary acidic protein expression. The results demonstrate that single deposits of 50,000-75,000 cells in 0.5 microliter, implanted with a glass capillary, provide the best environment both for dopaminergic and non-dopaminergic neuron survival. Grafts implanted with the glass capillary showed much weaker long-term glial fibrillary acidic protein expression along the injection tract and around the implants than was the case in grafts implanted with the thicker metal cannula. Optimal graft integration and minimal disturbances of host brain structures can reliably be achieved by small-sized implants (20,000-35,000 cells/deposit). Tyrosine hydroxylase-positive fiber outgrowth from micrografted dopaminergic neurons was seen not only in the surrounding caudate-putamen, but also along white matter tracts into the nucleus accumbens and the overlying cerebral cortex. Spreading of dopaminergic micrografts over multiple small deposits rather than increasing the volume of single grafts gave more extensive reinnervation of the entire host striatum. The micrografting technique provides a useful tool to improve graft-host interactions in the rat Parkinson model, and it allows more precise and reproducible quantitative studies on dopamine neuron survival and growth in intrastriatal ventral mesencephalon transplants. This technique should also be highly useful for the intracerebral implantation of cells derived from primary cultures or cell lines [Gage and Fisher (1991) Neuron 6, 1-12].

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Cloning and expression in yeast of a higher plant chorismate mutase. Molecular cloning, sequencing of the cDNA and characterization of the Arabidopsis thaliana enzyme expressed in yeast.

Chorismate mutase (EC 5.4.99.5) catalyzes the first step in the branch of the shikimate pathway which leads to the aromatic amino acids, phenylalanine and tyrosine. We have isolated a cDNA for this enzyme from the higher plant, Arabidopsis thaliana, by complementing a yeast strain (aro7) with a cDNA library from A. thaliana. This is the first chorismate mutase cDNA isolated from a plant. It encodes a protein of 334 amino acids. The identity of the deduced amino acid sequence is 41% to the chorismate mutase sequence from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The N-terminal portion of the deduced amino acid sequence has no homology to the S. cerevisiae sequence but resembles known plastid-specific transit peptides. The A. thaliana chorismate mutase expressed in yeast revealed allosteric control by the three aromatic amino acids, as previously described for plastidic chorismate mutase isozymes.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

[Gynecologic urology].

Urinary incontinence, urge symptoms and repeated urinary tract infections are among the most frequent ailments seen in women. Usually, they are easily diagnosed and treated effectively using conservative means. If this treatment fails, a urodynamic investigation should be performed. This includes urethrocystometry and a lateral urethrocystography. The diagnosis made through urodynamic exploration leads to a specific treatment, which usually means, in the case of stress urinary incontinence, a surgical procedure. Subsequently, based on our observations and experiences through urodynamic testing and postoperative follow-ups, we present a concept for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence. Furthermore, the benefits and risks of various vaginal and abdominal surgical approaches, as well as some specific modifications, have been evaluated.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1989

[Relation of urination disorders and morphologic changes following surgery of incontinence].

In a study on 324 patients, based on the postoperative lateral urethrocystogramm, we tried to find the cause for postoperative micturition complications. The results prove, that over-corrections are not responsible for micturition complications, not in the three abdominal nor in the five vaginal types of incontinence operations. The cause of micturition complications cannot be explained with the lateral urethrocystogramm. Other examination methods will have to be applied in determining the cause.

Female↗
PubMed1989

[Relation of urination disorders and tonometric changes of the urethral profile following surgery of incontinence].

Incontinence operations often lead to micturition complications postoperatively. A study aimed at finding the cause for micturition complications was carried out by examining the postoperative urethra pressure profile on 324 patients. The results prove, that in patients with micturition complications postoperatively, defined urethra sections show a significant better vesico urethral pressure transmission due to scar formation depending on the operating technique.

Female↗
PubMed1986

[Standardized measurement of urethral pressure with normal values in the diagnosis of stress incontinence].

Standardising guidelines in urethrometry have been set up at the Department of Gynaecology of the Frauenfeld "Kantonsspital" hospital in collaboration with the Swiss working team for urodynamics. The article gives a detailed description of measurement technique, examination procedure and evaluation of curves. The standard values for continence, stress incontinence I and stress incontinence II/III are calculated. Finally, the article deals with the clinical interpretation of the urethral pressure profile.

Female↗
PubMed1980

Morphological changes after surgical treatment of urinary incontinence stages II and III.

We performed 82 operations for stage II or stage III urinary incontinence between January 1974 and August 1977. These patients were followed up after operation and examined by lateral urethrocystography. Significant morphological changes could be found in all four types of operations. There were no positive correlations between outcome of operation and alternations in the angles alpha and beta(Green). However, elevation and ventral dislocation of the apex of the angle beta seemed to be of importance in succesful surgery for urinary incontinence.

Female↗