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Biomedical subjects

J Edmonds

Publications and source records attributed to J Edmonds.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Bidirectional knee joint rupture.

Acute simultaneous bidirectional rupture of the knee joint is reported in a patient with recurrent hemarthroses due to degenerative arthritis.

Female↗
PubMed1984

Intravenous salbutamol in the treatment of status asthmaticus in children.

The management of status asthmaticus using a continuous iv infusion of salbutamol was studied in 14 children with a total of 16 episodes of respiratory failure, unresponsive to conventional bronchodilator therapy. The mean PaCO2 at the start of the infusion was 60 +/- 6 torr. A loading dose of 1 microgram/kg X min body weight was given over 10 min, followed by an infusion of 0.2 microgram/kg X min which was increased in 0.1-microgram/kg steps according to response. The maximum dose was 4 microgram/kg X min. On 11 (69%) occasions a sustained reduction in PaCO2 was achieved within 4 h of starting the infusion. In 5 (11%) instances no reduction in PaCO2 was seen and mechanical ventilation was instituted because of increasing respiratory distress and CO2 retention. Mean heart rate during the infusion increased from 161 to 183 beat/min. Comparison with previous data from 30 pediatric patients (40 infusions) receiving iv isoproterenol showed less effect on heart rate and a more sustained fall in PaCO2 without the recurrence of bronchospasm. We found salbutamol to be a safe and effective bronchodilator capable of reversing severe bronchospasm in most children who would otherwise require mechanical ventilation. Its greater specificity for beta 2-receptors may make it preferable to isoproterenol.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Reactive arthritis.

Although sometimes used to refer to any sterile arthritis occurring in association with infection, the term 'reactive arthritis' is better reserved for arthritis following sexually acquired nonspecific urethritis or enteric infections with organisms such as Shigella, Salmonella, Yersinia and Campylobacter, because these arthropathies are unified by a number of shared clinical characteristics and an association with HLA B27. This review suggests that these arthropathies may also share a common pathogenic pathway, triggered by an ' arthritogenic factor' common to the diverse microbes which cause the disease and modified by genetic factors other than HLA B27. Although uncommon, reactive arthritis is important because it could provide the key to understanding the other seronegative arthropathies and mechanisms basic to chronic inflammatory synovitis.

Arthritis, Infectious↗
PubMed1984

The significance of discrepant Farr and Crithidia luciliae tests.

The most specific serological test for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is the detection of anti-dsDNA antibodies by the Farr or Crithidia luciliae (CL) assay. Serological interpretation is difficult when these assays give discrepant results (i.e., one is positive and the other negative). In the present study 34 patients with discrepant results (18 CL positive Farr negative; 16 CL negative Farr positive) were reviewed to determine whether they fulfilled ARA criteria for SLE at presentation or at follow up 1-50 months (mean 15.8 months) later. Only 2 patients had SLE, both of whom fulfilled ARA criteria at presentation. Discrepant CL and Farr assays are associated with SLE uncommonly and rarely precede the development of clinical lupus.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Enteric bacteria and HLA-B27 associated cell surface modification in patients with seronegative spondarthritis.

Cytotoxic studies indicate cross-reactivity between some enteric organisms and cells obtained from the majority of patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Preliminary studies suggest that the factor responsible for cross-reactivity may be generated by a bacterial plasmid. However, the mechanism mediating the interaction between the HLA-B27 positive cell and the bacterial antigen is at present unknown.

Cross Reactions↗
PubMed1983

Seronegative arthritis.

The term seronegative arthritis (alternately labelled seronegative spondarthritis or spondyloarthritis) includes ankylosing spondylitis; Reiter's syndrome; psoriatic arthritis; enteropathic arthritis; and some forms of juvenile chronic arthritis.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Search for Klebsiella cell wall components cross-reactive with lymphocytes of B27+ AS+ individuals.

It has been suggested that some Klebsiella sp may cross-react with a cell surface determinant on the lymphocytes of B27+AS+ individuals. Studies were undertaken to identify culture filtrates capable of rendering the lymphocytes of B27-positive healthy controls susceptible to lysis by the anti-Klebsiella antiserum. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of cell wall material of Klebsiella K43 prepared by sonication, high-speed centrifugation, and nonidet solubilization, demonstrated the presence of four major protein bands. When antisera raised in rabbits to each of these were tested for their cytotoxic effect on the lymphocytes of B27+AS+ individuals, an antiserum to one component only, of 40-52 K daltons molecular weight, reproduced the activity of the whole serum. Studies on the K43 filtrate indicated that the 'modifying' factor appeared to reside in a 25-50 K dalton component. Immunoelectrophoresis against anti-K43 serum demonstrated overlapping bands in the culture filtrate and the 40-52 K dalton cell wall fraction and these appeared to be identical on immunodiffusion. Antibody to the cell wall component removed both the 'modifying' activity and the appropriate protein band from the filtrate. The results suggest that a 40-52 K dalton component of the Klebsiella K43 cell wall is cross-reactive with a determinant on the lymphocytes of B27+AS+ individuals and is similar to or identical with a modifying factor in K43 culture filtrate which renders the lymphocytes of B27-positive healthy controls susceptible to lysis by anti-Klebsiella antiserum.

Cell Wall↗
PubMed1978

Systemic lupus erythematosus. A prospective analysis.

The spectrum of organ involvement in 50 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus has been assessed in a prospective study. All patients were admitted to hospital electively for 2 days and a complete clinical and laboratory assessment protocol completed. Subsequent hospital admissions depended on clinical status. The overall mean observation period was 29 months. Widespread multisystem involvement was found in every patient. Subclinical abnormalities of respiratory and cerebral function were common even in patients in clinical remission. A more conservative approach than has been generally recommended was used for the management of systemic lupus erythematosus and is supported by the estimated 5-year survival of 98%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Muscle proteolysis induced by neural colchicine cuffs cast in situ.

The effects of neurotrophic factors on muscle protein degradation in rat leg muscle were studied. In order to inhibit axoplasmic transport and therefore transport of "trophic" factors, the colchicine cuff method of Albuquerque et. al. (1972) was modified so that the cuffs were cast in situ. Protein degradation was estimated by monitoring the release of tyrosine from the muscle. Our observations that colchicine cuffs increased tyrosine release are consistent with the concept of nerve-muscle trophism.

Animals↗