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Biomedical subjects

J Eichling

Publications and source records attributed to J Eichling.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

The relative radiolucencies of breast implant filler materials.

Breast implants in current use utilize silicone gel for filler material. One substantial drawback of silicone gel is its radiodensity, resulting in the obscuration of breast tissue on mammography. The relative radiolucencies of silicone gel, saline, breast tissue equivalent, triglycerides (peanut oil), and polyvinylpyrrolidone (Bio-Oncotic gel) were determined by using standard mammographic equipment. Visibility through these materials was compared by using a standard breast phantom as background. The x-ray dosage necessary to create each mammographic image was measured. Peanut oil provided the clearest image of the phantom artifacts, required the least radiation exposure, and was approximately four times more radiolucent than the saline or Bio-Oncotic gel and about 45 times more radiolucent than silicone gel. As improved implant filler materials are being sought, triglycerides maintain superior radiographic properties.

Air↗
PubMed1991

Reduction in radiation exposure to nursing personnel with the use of remote afterloading brachytherapy devices.

The radiation exposure to nursing personnel from patients with brachytherapy implants on a large brachytherapy service were reviewed. Exposure to nurses, as determined by TLD monitors, indicates a 7-fold reduction in exposure after the implementation of the use of remote afterloading devices. Quarterly TLD monitor data for six quarters prior to the use of remote afterloading devices demonstrate an average projected annual dose equivalent to the nurses of 152 and 154 mrem (1.5 mSv). After the implementation of the remote afterloading devices, the quarterly TLD monitor data indicate an average dose equivalent per nurse of 23 and 19 mrem (0.2 mSv). This is an 87% reduction in exposure to nurses with the use of these devices (p less than 0.01).

Brachytherapy↗
PubMed1989

The effect of breast implants on the radiographic detection of microcalcification and soft-tissue masses.

Current implants for breast augmentation containing silicone gel, saline, or both can totally obscure mammographic detection of microcalcifications and soft-tissue masses. To investigate the possibility of developing a more radiolucent implant, radiographs were obtained of silicone shells that contained silicone gel, saline, silicone gel and saline, polyurethane-covered silicone gel, gelatin, sunflower oil, and peanut oil. All radiographs were obtained using a Siemens Mammomat by placing the implant over an American College of Radiology mammography phantom. Results were measured by the ability to visualize or resolve the artifacts in the mammography phantom. The silicone shell alone minimally altered artifact resolution. Silicone shells filled with silicone gel, silicone gel and saline, saline alone, polyurethane-covered silicone gel, and gelatin were equal in radiodensity and completely obscured all phantom artifacts. Silicone shells filled with peanut oil and sunflower oil had equal radiodensity and allowed visualization of large microcalcifications and some soft-tissue masses. Current implants used for augmentation mammaplasty can totally obscure mammographic detection of microcalcifications and soft-tissue masses. A more radiolucent breast implant is possible, and further research is needed to define the best filler material and test its biocompatibility.

Breast↗
PubMed1986

Observations on personnel dosimetry for radiotherapy personnel operating high-energy LINACs.

A series of measurements were conducted to determine the cause of a sudden increase in personnel radiation exposures. One objective of the measurements was to determine if the increases were related to changing from film dosimeters exchanged monthly to TLD-100 dosimeters exchanged quarterly. While small increases were observed in the dose equivalents of most employees, the dose equivalents of personnel operating medical electron linear accelerators with energies greater than 20 MV doubled coincidentally with the change in the personnel dosimeter program. The measurements indicated a small thermal neutron radiation component around the accelerators operated by these personnel. This component caused the doses measured with the TLD-100 dosimeters to be overstated. Therefore, the increase in these personnel dose equivalents was not due to changes in work habits or radiation environments. Either film or TLD-700 dosimeters would be suitable for personnel monitoring around high-energy linear accelerators. The final choice would depend on economics and personal preference.

Film Dosimetry↗
PubMed1975

Appraisal of the angiographic circulation time as an index of cerebral blood flow.

The relationship of the brain angiographic mode circulation time (AVCT) to the mean transit time of the vascular indicator C15O-labeled hemoglobin (tc15o) and the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) as measured by the clearance of the diffusible tracer H2-15O was examined in 38 patients with selected cerebral diseases. The results demonstrate a predictable relationship does exist between the rCBF and tc15o. This relationship is linear when plotted as tc15o vs. 1/CBF. Further, tc150 can be estimated with sufficient accuracy from the AVCT to permit at least a qualitative assessment of rCBF from the cerebral angiogram.

Angiography↗