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Biomedical subjects

J Einwag

Publications and source records attributed to J Einwag.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Stainless steel crown versus multisurface amalgam restorations: an 8-year longitudinal clinical study.

Two alternative methods of restoring primary teeth that had multisurface lesions were examined in a clinical longitudinal study. In a paired comparison, stainless steel crowns proved far superior to multisurface amalgam restorations with respect to both lifespan and replacement rate. Stainless steel crowns are not only more acceptable to the patient and more cost effective, but also more acceptable to the dentist because of the comparatively simple procedures involved in restoring even severely affected primary molars.

Child↗
PubMed1995

The relative caries-inhibiting efficacy of amine fluoride and sodium fluoride in compatible dentifrices--results of a consensus conference.

A conference concerning the caries-inhibiting efficacy of dentifrices that contain amine and sodium fluorides compared relevant clinical studies and found that both fluoride compounds contribute to the maintenance of dental health. Because of the differing test conditions, the study results cannot, however, be compared. Thus, there is no definite scientific proof of the superiority of one fluoride compound, and no such proof will exist until dentifrices containing amine fluoride and sodium fluoride are tested in a direct clinical comparison.

Amines↗
PubMed1991

[Influence of ignorance of caries prevention on tooth health and behavior of junior high students].

Within the framework of an averaging study (clinical examination combined with written questionnaire) an attempt was made to determine the extent to which theoretical and practical knowledge of caries prophylaxis influences the behaviour and dental health of school children. Mean DF and DMF levels, it was demonstrated, are significantly reduced in children who know more; also, a higher percentage of children reported brushing their teeth more than once a day. In spite of this, a considerable discrepancy is noticed between knowledge and behaviour. Improved integration of dental hygiene instruction in the school day could improve school children's motivation to change their behaviour on a lasting basis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Reproducibility of measurements to assess the quality of dental restorations].

Criteria for assessment of the quality of dental restorations should be highly reproducible. To prove reproducibility of a set of modified Ryge-criteria we assessed the quality of 468 fillings (157 amalgam, 155 cast restorations, 156 composites). Assessment was done double-blind by two investigators. The amount of agreement between the investigators ranged from 56.1% to 88.4% depending on the criteria used. The more positive the results of the assessment and the more objectifiable the criteria, the higher was the amount of agreement. For an objective assessment the reproducibility of the method seems to be unsatisfactory.

Composite Resins↗
PubMed1991

[Knowledge of acceptance and use of preventive measures in Germany].

Important aspects of hygienic behaviour and patient compliance were investigated in a written survey of 500 adults. The results indicate a clear discrepancy between behaviour considered necessary by dentists and what people actually do, with reference both to thorough and methodical dental hygiene at home and knowledge of appropriate prophylactic measures. It was also seen that adults were only minimally willing to accept suggestions for improvement in their behaviour in these respects and that they were insufficiently motivated to change behaviour and habits.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Effectiveness of actual information material in dental health education. Results of questioning lower Saxony orientation students].

The effectiveness of dental health educational measures in the Federal Republic of Germany is often termed insufficient by specialists. In order to test this statement, a written survey was done with 903 children aged 10-14. Selected results: Most of the school children are of the opinion that what they know is derived from personal communication. Dentists, they say, have been their most important sources of information. Most of the children consider themselves to be sufficiently well-informed, a subjective judgement that cannot, however, be objectively verified by analysis of the answers dealing with concrete knowledge.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Caries epidemiological study of school children of Rems-Murr area].

An epidemiological study on caries in 1,091 primary school pupils in the Rems-Murr area revealed improvement in oral health as compared with results of earlier studies in the Federal Republic of Germany. For example, 31.4% of first-form pupils and 16.1% of fourth-form pupils were shown to have naturally healthy teeth (DMF-T + dmf-t = 0). The average DMF-T(S) values were between 0.39 (0.5) for six-year-olds and 2.02 (2.74) for ten-year-olds. The average percent of treated permanent teeth in six (ten)-year-old pupils was determined to be 20.5 (46.5)%. The pronounced polarisation of the individual values is, however, of of ater significance in developing programmes for caries prophylaxis than are these average values: Only 22% of the children accounted for approx. 70% of the carious, missing or filled permanent teeth. Carious defects in the permanent teeth of six and seven-year-old pupils were found almost exclusively in the fissures and pits of the six-year molars. An improvement in the oral health of the above-named age groups can only be achieved by means of specific and individual prophylaxis programmes.

Child↗
PubMed1990

[In-vitro plaque accumulation on different filling materials].

The influence of the surface roughness of dental filling materials as well as of specific properties of materials on plaque accumulation was to be tested in a comparative study for various materials (Degulor S, Amalcap SAS, Visio Dispers, Ketak-Fil, CuproDur, Harvard Cement) was to be tested in a comparative investigation. For this purpose, the different materials were placed in a Streptococcus mutans NCTC 10449 culture medium containing sucrose, and incubated for three days at 37 degree C. Following this, the specific accumulation of polysaccharides formed outside of cells (plaque) was subjected to gravimetric analysis. Filling materials that take a high polish (Degulor S, Amalcap SAS, Visio Dispers) accumulated only 25 to 50% as much plaque as did cements. Within the group of cements there were also differences (up to 40%) in spite of similar surface roughness. These differences are presumably due to properties specific to the materials. In preliminary examinations of the products named, antibacterial effects were registered in three cases (Degulor S, Harvard Cement and Cupro-Dur--inhibiting areola between 1 and 7.5 mm).

Dental Amalgam↗
PubMed1990

[Demonstration of Streptococcus sobrinus in human oral cavity].

From 133 saliva samples of humans we isolated 32 strains (24%) of Streptococcus sobrinus on an BYCSB selective medium. The very hard colonies of S. sobrinus on this medium were characterized by a distinct chalky white halo of water insoluble glucan ("glucan-halo") produced in large amounts from the sucrose by extracellular glucosyltransferase which has diffused out into the isolation medium. All of the isolated S. sobrinus strains fermented ordinarily mannitol and sorbitol, but not raffinose and melibiose. The occurrence of this special subspecies within the S. mutans-group may play a more important role in the etiology of dental caries of caries-active persons in the future.

Colony Count, Microbial↗
PubMed1990

[Possibilities of assessing the individual caries risk using microbiological parameters].

The most commonly used microbiological tests for identifying patients with high caries activity are based on quantitative or semi-quantitative counts of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacilli. In a review the prognostic value of such tests is discussed and shown, that in spite of partially high prediction rates, the prognostic value of either S. mutans or Lactobacillus tests can be confirmed only in combination with additional relevant clinical parameters (e.g. anamnesis, DMF-increment, secretation rate and bufferin capacity of saliva...).

Colony Count, Microbial↗
PubMed1989

Influence of milk and food on fluoride bioavailability from NaF and Na2FPO3 in man.

Aqueous solutions of NaF and sodium monofluorophosphate (MFP) were given to fasting young adults in an intra-individual cross-over study. Plasma fluoride (F) levels were measured by use of a F-ion-sensitive electrode, and eight-hour profiles of F concentrations in plasma were determined. F availability and pharmacokinetic data were identical for both substances. Furthermore, the same subjects were given tablets containing 2 mg F, either as NaF or as MFP, under different experimental regimens: (a) on a fasting stomach, (b) together with milk, or (c) together with breakfast and milk. Equal F availabilities were observed for both substances. Plasma peak levels were reduced when the tablets were taken together with food. Intake of milk reduced F availability by 30% compared with the fasting stomach experiment; this effect was abolished when milk was taken as part of the breakfast. It is suggested that formation of Ca salts and entrapment of F in coagulation products of milk are important factors causing reduction of F availability, and that prolonged stay of the chyme after concomitant ingestion of food allows F to become liberated from bound forms and coagulation products by digestion processes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Long-term results of a modified fissure sealing technique].

The use of a modified fissure sealing technique (involving not only the cleaning of enamel but also the roughening of fissure areas with a regular grain diamond prior to etching) minimized losses of sealant (Delton clear and tinted) over a period of 6 years. After 3 years approx. 98.3% and after 6 years 92.5% of the seals on six-year molars were intact. No differences in sealant retention were observed between six-year and twelve-year molars within the first 4 years of sealant application. The differences found in the 5th and 6th year were not significant.

Adhesiveness↗
PubMed1989

[Epidemiology and treatment need for caries and periodontal disease in handicapped children and youth].

Epidemiological studies in a group of handicapped subjects from the area of Lower Frankonia revealed a surprisingly good oral health. The WHO objective for caries control (DMF-T in 3 to 12 years olds) for the year 2000 has already been reached. In spite of low average values the individual values demonstrated a marked polarisation (30% of subjects of one birth year had approx. 70% of caries, missing, or filled tooth surfaces). The degree of treatment is clearly above that of the normal population. By comparison data are also favorable for the prevalence of gingivitis and periodontitis. Nevertheless one forth of the 10 to 13 year olds and half of those older than 14 will not only need an improvement of their oral hygiene but also scaling to treat their periodontal disease. Subjects with multiple handicaps are affected more strongly and need additional intensive preventive care.

Adolescent↗