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J Elis

Publications and source records attributed to J Elis.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Tarsal coalition].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Foot Deformities, Acquired↗
PubMed1991

Pharmacokinetics of lamotrigine (Lamictal) in plasma and saliva.

The kinetics of lamotrigine (LTG) disposition in plasma and saliva was evaluated in patients undergoing long-term antiepileptic drug therapy. Blood and saliva samples were collected simultaneously at intervals during the study and the concentration of LTG was measured by HPLC. Concentrations of LTG in saliva were proportional to plasma LTG concentrations, with a significant (p) correlation of r = 0.95 + 0.18. The saliva concentration-time curves of LTG were parallel to those derived for plasma LTG. The kinetics of LTG absorption, elimination and mean residence time were identical in both saliva and plasma estimations. The saliva/plasma ratio, determined from the terminal phase of individual patient LTG concentration vs time curves, was used to predict plasma LTG concentrations from saliva determinations. The binding of LTG to plasma proteins remained constant in patients treated with sodium valproate and/or enzyme-inducing drugs. Thus, LTG determination in saliva represents a noninvasive alternative for therapeutic drug monitoring and may also be employed for studying LTG pharmacokinetics.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Changes of lithium elimination in acute polyuric renal failure caused by cisplatin and mercuric chloride.

Changes in lithium elimination were studied under the condition of experimentally induced polyuric acute renal failure by cisplatin (6 mg/kg body wt) or HgCl2 (3 mg/kg body wt). The histologically proven lesions of tubuli were associated with the decrease of plasma clearance of lithium (C(Li)) and polyfructosan-S (CP(FS). The decrease of these clearance values was not proportional and the ratio C(Li)/CP(FS) (indicating renal fractional excretion of Li+) increased significantly (p less than 0.01). The increase of C(Li)/CP(FS) was related to the increase of renal fractional sodium excretion (FENa) (p less than 0.01). The results suggest that the impairment of tubular cells by cisplatin or HgCl2 caused the decrease of tubular reabsorption of Li+ and Na+. From the pharmacokinetic point of view, these experiments suggest that changes in tubular transport of drugs should be taken into account in their dosing adjustment in patients with acute polyuric tubular lesion.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1989

[Utilization of cardiac glycosides in Czechoslovakia--does it correspond to need?].

The data are given on the consumption of cardiac glycosides (CD) in the CSSR over the past 18 years (1970-1987). Consumption expressed in terms of defined daily doses (DDD) permitted to construct time series of the consumption of this group of pharmacotherapeutic agents as a whole as well as individual CG and to compare the data thus obtained with similar data from abroad. The results indicate that the consumption of CG as a whole culminated in Czechoslovakia in 1983 (27.6 DDD per a population of 1000 per day = 27.6 DDD/1000/d) and that there has been a slow decline ever since. Compared with foreign data, Czechoslovakia's quantitative consumption of CG is roughly between countries noted for traditionally high consumption (GDR 84.8 DDD/1000/d) and those with low consumption (Scandinavian countries with the exception of Sweden, about 10 DDD/1000/d). Unlike Czechoslovakia, however, all other countries with well established CG consumption have been exhibiting a relatively steep and lasting decline in CG consumption since the late 1970s. This reduction reflects modern trends of CG pharmacotherapy, especially stricted consideration of the uses as distinct from the risks of CG administration, as well as some of the recent efforts to terminate long-term CG treatment particularly in vaguely indicated cases. As for individual CG consumption, Czechoslovakia, similarly as other countries, has been favouring more rational prescription of oral digoxin at the expense of the oral form of lanatoside C, while parenteral digoxin has for all practical purposes become a substitute for strophantin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Cardiac Glycosides↗
PubMed1989

Pharmacokinetics of once-daily theophylline dose following the morning versus evening administration.

The pharmacokinetics of theophylline (Uniphyllin) in blood and saliva was compared after morning and evening administration of a once-daily dose in a randomized cross-over study. Ten bronchial asthma patients received multiple doses of 800 mg theophylline at 8 a.m. and 8 p.m. under controlled food conditions. The precision of the serum concentration prediction from salivary measurements in individual patients was sufficient to obtain identical pharmacokinetic parameters and parallel concentration-time curves. There were no significant differences in the values of mean residence time and area under the concentration-time curves after morning and evening dosing, either in the kinetics of elimination and in the volume of distribution. The fluctuation of concentrations during the dosing intervals was 100% after morning doses and 80% after evening doses. No consistent interference with food was found. Circadian variation in the kinetics of drug disposition after once-daily theophylline administration did not occur. In order to achieve higher therapeutical levels at night and in the morning, the evening dosing seems to be preferable.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[What the data on utilization of antiepileptic agents reveals].

Using the method of expressing the consumption of anti-epileptic drugs by the number of defined daily doses per 1000 population per day (DDD/1000/d), data covering the three-year period from September 1984 to August 1987 in districts of the Czech Socialist Republic are presented in tables. The mean and liminal values are given for anti-epileptics as a whole and mean values of the phenytoin consumption in region, incl. liminal values of the percentage ratio of Sanepil (phenytoin 80 mg, phenobarbital 18.5 mg) in districts of different regions of the CSR. On the enclosed map for the first annual period districts where this ratio was 25%, 50%, 75% or more (only in the South Moravian region) are hatched. In the subsequent tables are districts with greater changes of this indicator than +5% and -10% in the course of the three years of the investigation. The greatest drop was recorded in the district where there was a new leading neurologist who came from the area of another medical school to the South Moravian region. The authors discuss the influence of the medical school and present results of an enquiry by means of questionnaires among neurologists regarding the place of medical studies of neurologists in the region and views on the advantage of Sanepil, as compared with pure phenytoin.

Anticonvulsants↗
PubMed1989

[The effect of particle size on the pharmacokinetics of piroxicam].

Two preparations of Piroxicam cps. (10 mg) VUFB Prague, prepared from crystalline and micronized substance, were compared. The release of the active ingredient into the solution in the medium of artificial gastric juice in vitro was examined. The results show that Piroxicam prepared from micronized substance corresponds to the preparation Felden cps. On the other hand, the release of the active ingredient from the preparation prepared from crystalline substance is lower. The pharmacokinetic parameters of Piroxicam from micronized substance are practically consonant to similar parameters of the preparation Felden cps. In Piroxicam prepared from crystalline substance there was a decrease in the rapidity of absorption, which, however, was not statistically significant in the group of volunteers under study. Other pharmacokinetic parameters were practically the same as in the other preparations described.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Comparison of penetration-enhancing ability of laurocapram, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and dodecyl-L-pyroglutamate.

The study reports on penetration enhancers used to improve drug absorption through the skin. All experiments were carried out in permeation cells in vitro. Insulin (2.5 mg/ml) and Brilliant Blue (50.0 mg/ml) served as model drugs. They were formulated into a 40% solution of propylene glycol with increasing concentrations of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) (0.0 to 20.0%), dodecylazacycloheptan-2-one (laurocapram) and a new compound dodecyl-L-pyroglutamate (DLP; 0.0 to 0.5%). The maximum amount of insulin permeated within 24 h was almost 200 microU/ml in the case of 0.1% laurocapram, while in the case of 0.1% DLP it was approximately half of that. The optimum concentration of NMP was 12.0%. Experiments performed with Brilliant Blue showed no significant difference among formulations containing either 6.0, 12.0 or 20.0% of NMP. When NMP was omitted, flux, permeability as well as the maximum concentration estimated after 26 h reached 50% of the values obtained with NMP. The lag time was twice as long in this case in comparison with the formulations containing NMP.

Administration, Cutaneous↗