Biomedical subjects
J Elman
Publications and source records attributed to J Elman.
Subnanometer-Diameter Wires Isolated in a Polymer Matrix by Fast Polymerization
The preparation and analysis of inorganic-organic polymer nanocomposites consisting of inorganic nanowires and multiwire "cables" in a random-coil organic polymer host is reported. Dissolution of inorganic (LiMo3Se3)n wires in a strongly coordinating monomer, vinylene carbonate, and the use of a rapid polymerization in the presence of a cross-linking agent produce nanocomposites without phase separation. Polymerization of dilute solutions yields a material containing mostly (Mo3Se3(-))n mono- and biwires, 6 to 20 angstroms in diameter and 50 to 100 nanometers long. Polymerization of more concentrated liquid crystalline solutions yields a nanocomposite containing oriented multiwire cables, 20 to 40 angstroms in diameter and up to 1500 nanometers long, that display optical anisotropy and electrical conductivity.
Celiprolol versus timolol and placebo: a two week double-blind comparison.
Celiprolol (5%) was compared to timolol (0.5%) and placebo in patients with primary open angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. A total of 28 patients participated in this double blind study and received treatment for two weeks. Intraocular pressure decreased an average of 4.4 mmHg with celiprolol and 7.1 mmHg with timolol two hours after instillation. This was maintained 12 hours after administration of timolol but not after celiprolol. There was a small but statistically significant decrease in pulse rate 2 hours after administration of timolol (from 72 to 64 beats per minute) which was not observed after celiprolol. Side effects were mild and similar for all 3 groups.
Treatment of elevated intraocular pressure with concurrent levobunolol and pilocarpine.
Between July 1983 and January 1986, 54 patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension were treated for 3 months with 2% pilocarpine hydrochloride (given four times daily) and one of two beta-adrenoceptor blocking drugs, levobunolol hydrochloride (0.5% [17 patients] or 1% [19 patients]) or 0.5% timolol maleate (18 patients), given twice daily. Before entry into the study all patients had had stable intraocular pressure (IOP) with treatment with 0.5% timolol and 2% pilocarpine. Stable IOP was successfully maintained in up to 88% of the patients in the two levobunolol-pilocarpine groups and in 83% of those in the timolol-pilocarpine group. Two patients experienced adverse reactions: one, who received timolol and pilocarpine, suffered blepharoconjunctivitis, and the other, who received 1% levobunolol and pilocarpine, experienced bradycardia. The results indicate that the levobunolol-pilocarpine regimens were as safe and effective as the timolol-pilocarpine regimen in stabilizing IOP.
Chorionic gonadotropin decreases intraocular pressure and aqueous humor flow in rabbit eyes.
The effect of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) on the rabbit eye was studied. Intravitreal injections of hCG in albino rabbits provoked a reduction of intraocular pressure (IOP). Intravenous administration of hCG in single doses of 5,000-10,000 units in male pigmented rabbits caused a significant reduction in IOP from 1.5-5 hr after injection. When two successive intravenous doses of 5,000 units of hCG were given at 0 and 3 hr to pigmented rabbits, a significant reduction of net aqueous flow occurred, as measured by scanning fluorophotometry. These results indicate that the decrease in aqueous flow rate in the rabbit eye after administration of hCG can account for the reduction in IOP.
Control of radiation hazard in the dental office.
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