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Biomedical subjects

J Emerit

Publications and source records attributed to J Emerit.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[The immunology of Crohn Disease (author's transl)].

Although the incidence of Crohn disease seems to be increasing, it's etiology remains unknown. The search for immunological mechanisms has been extensively carried out with conflicting results. At the present, most studies provide evidence suggesting a possible immunological dysfunction. Another interesting point is the possible role of an oxygen dependant cytotoxic activity of phagocytes in inflammatory processes, and particularly in Crohn disease.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1980

[Peroxidation of lipids in the inflammatory process].

Lipidoperoxidation in the sebum from 10 subjects suffering from inflammatory acne has been shown by use of mass spectroscopy, in contrast with 10 normal subjects where this was not observed. Peroxidation of sebum lipids is probably linked with the inflammation of the comedons.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1980

[Acute post-gravidic Budd-Chiari syndrome. One case (author's transl)].

The sixth case of post-gravidic Budd-Chiari syndrome is reported. In the acute stage of the disease heparin seems to have given immediate favourable results, and the value of long-term heparin treatment is discussed. Post-mortem findings seven years after the acute episode confirmed the evolution towards a certain type of cirrhosis characterized by macroscopically and histologically heterogenous lesions and by persistent liver congestion. Portal hypertension was associated with arterialization of the portal vein and considerable dilatation of the right diaphragmatic veins. The venous drainage of the liver had undergone complex alterations: the supra-hepatic veins were affected with fairly recent incomplete ostial thrombosis, many intra-hepatic veins were reduced to a vestigial reticulum and others were the seat of recent or old re-canalized thrombosis. Cancerous transformation was found to be present in the larger hepatic nodules.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

[Colonoscopic polypectomy. Histopathological features and course (author's transl)].

A study of 424 colonic polyps resected electrically via colonic fibroscopy in 343 patients, in several Parisian centers between september 1972 and august 1976. The topography, shape, diameter and histological type of the polyps were analysed, and 14.3% were malignant. Study of the prevalence of the different histological types in subjects of the both sexes, by ten year age groups, revealed the large number of villous and adenocarcinomatous forms in the young woman. The preponderance and increase with age of villous forms in the male explain the marked shift in histological forms towards malignancy seen after the age of 60. The average time taken for transformation of a benign polyp already accessible to endoscopic resection into a killing recto-colic carcinoma may be 13 years. Initial results of the follow-up, of 83 patients undergoing 101 colonoscopic polypectomies, and despite inadequate follow-up, indicated that 9% of polyps recurred (above all, villous and adenovillous polyps), and the absence of local recurrence or metastases detectable after electrical resection of 17 colonic polyps with invasive adenocarcinoma must be taken with great reserve.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

Chromosomal breakage in Crohn's disease: anticlastogenic effect of D-penicillamine and L-cysteine.

The incidence of chromosome breakage was found to be elevated in 42 patients with Crohn's disease. This phenomenon was much more striking in cultures set up with TCM 199 than in cultures set up with RPMI 1629 rich in L-cysteine. The drug D-penicillamine, a close analog of L-cysteine, gave an apparent therapeutic response in several patients and reduced the chromosome breakage frequency in the lymphocytes of these patients in vitro and in vivo.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1979

[A case of distal mesenteric arteritis (author's transl)].

A case is reported of distal mesenteric arteritis discovered during operation and confirmed by arteriography. The arteritis was probably not inflammatory in origin, but could have been due to atheroma. Only one other case of this type has been reported.

Arteritis↗
PubMed1978

[The hepatocyte in acute alcoholic hepatitis. Histoenzymological and ultrastructural analysis (author's transl)].

The interpretation of the morphological features of alcoholic hepatitis is discussed in terms of a comparison with the results of an ultrastructural and histoenzymological study of the liver biopsies of nine patients. In these patients liver biopsies were performed in the initial stage of the illness and fifteen days after five were re-biopsied, when the clinical and biological signs were improved. The correlations between morphological and biological data were good, especially for the levels of serological and histoenzymological alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase evaluations. However, when histological appearances had returned to normal, after two weeks of abstinence from alcohol several histological and ultrastructural features of the initial hepatitis persisted. The presence of evolving cirrhosis was a contributing factor to the severity of the changes seen. Morphologically, apart from the changes due to chronic alcoholic intoxication (steatosis, mitochondrial alteration), the hepatitic lesions comprise Mallory's bodies, cytoplasmic oedema and mitochondrial swelling. Cholestasis was invariably present. Histo-enzymologically there was a reduction in ATPase activity suggesting a metabolic failure in the energy producing pathways. In addition, in the periphery of lobules an active cirrhotic process was present, with tubular de-differentiation of hepatocytes and an increase in gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase on the cytoplasmic membrane. Because of the absence of any topographical relationship between hepatitis and cirrhosis, the presence of lymphocytes in the neighbourhood of the ductules suggested an indirect relationship between both processes, perhaps an autoimmune response initiated by Mallory's bodies.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1977

Comparative study of urinary excretion rates of para-hydroxy-mandelic acid, homovanillic acid, vanylmandelic acid in cirrhotic patients with and without encephalopathy.

A comparative study of urinary excretion of octopamine, dopamine, and noradrenaline catabolic products, respectively parahydroxymandelic acid (PHMA) homovanillic acid (HVA) and vanylmandelic acid (VMA) was carried out in 27 cirrhotic patients with (11) and without (16) porto-systemic encephalopathy (P.S.E). PHMA, HVA and VMA were significantly higher in patients with PSE, and there was a positive correlation between PHMA and HVA, and between PHMA and VMA. Higher excretion of PHMA in patients with PSE strongly suggests an increased metabolism of octopamine. HVA and VMA increased excretion, and the positive correlations could be explained by the depletion of stored dopamine and noradrenaline. These observations support the hypothesis that octopamine acts as a false neurotransmitter, and the resulting depletion of dopamine and noradrenaline could explain the neuropsychic phenomena of PSE, and the awakening effect of L. Dopa treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

[Adult Niemann-Pick disease: a 26 years follow-up. Report of a case with isolated visceral involvement, excess of tissue sphingomyelin, and deficient sphingomyelinase activity (author's transl)].

The case report of Niemann-Pick disease, in a 26 years old woman whose first symptoms appeared when she was 17 months old, is described. The disease, involving considerable hepatosplenomegaly and pulmonary infiltration, was diagnosed by the presence of lipid laden macrophages (resembling foam cells, sea blue histiocytes and kidney intermediate forms) in the bone marrow, liver and kidney, and an excess of tissue sphingomyelin and cholesterol, and a decrease in sphingomyelinase in circulating leucocytes. The results of ultrastructural, histochemical and biochemical studies on hepatic and renal lipids are reported. The relationship of the case to the sea blue histiocyte syndrome is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Right renal arteriovenous fistula after nephrectomy with streptococcal endarteritis].

The authors add a new case, to the 41 already published, of arterio-venous fistula of the renal pedicle after nephrectomy, with the peculiarity of its presentation as a prolonged fever resulting from streptococcal bacterial endarteritis at the site of the fistula (3rd case in the literature). Surgical treatment in association with massive and prolonged antibiotic therapy resulted in recovery.

Adult↗