[Nil nocere. Wound management].
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Cellulitis↗
Biomedical subjects
J Engert
Publications and source records attributed to J Engert.
An approach for cure: PEI-chemotherapy and regional deep hyperthermia in children and adolescents with unresectable malignant tumors.
BACKGROUND: Elevated temperatures of 40 - 44 degrees C increase the actions of various anticancer drugs including N-lost derivatives, cytotoxic antibiotics and platinum analoga. In clinical usage thermochemotherapy (TCH) should facilitate surgical resection and ameliorate local tumor control. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From 07/1993 to 12/2002 a total of 39 patients have been enrolled onto a phase-II study (female = 24, male = 15, age 1 - 37.5 years, median 5.2). Among these, 24 patients had extracranial non-testicular germ cell tumors and 15 patients soft tissue or chondrosarcomas. INDICATION: locoregional relapse (n = 29) or unresectable tumor after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (n = 10). Among these two groups, there were ten patients with poor response or progressive disease under primary or relapse chemotherapy. Ten out of the 29 relapse patients had more than one relapse. Tumor site: pelvis (30), abdomen (4), head and neck (2), proximal leg (2) and lumbar spine (1). Thermochemotherapy (TCH): 1800 - 2000 mg ifosfamide/m (2) and 100 mg etoposide/m (2) on days 1 - 4 and 40 mg cisplatin/m (2) on days 1 + 4 combined with regional deep hyperthermia (42 - 44 degrees C, 1 h) on days 1 + 4. RESULTS: In 39 protocol patients a total of 166 TCH courses (332 heat sessions) were applied. 20 patients achieved complete response, and 10 patients achieved partial response. TCH was followed by surgical tumor resection in 28/39 patients and/or radiotherapy in 13/39 patients. At a median follow-up of 27 months, outcome in this high-risk patient population was 22 NED, 3 AWD, 12 DOD, 2 DOC. Five year event free (EFS) and overall survival (OS) for the whole study cohort was 0.39 +/- 0.11 (20/39 patients) and 0.52 +/- 0.11 (25/39 patients), respectively. CONCLUSION: TCH shows substantial therapeutic efficacy and facilitates complete tumor resection in 14 out of 28 operated patients. Multimodal treatment including TCH, surgical resection and/or radiotherapy leads to sustained remission in the majority of patients with locoregional tumor recurrence. The therapeutic effect is most pronounced, if TCH is administered at first relapse. Due to the clinical and histologic heterogeneity the number of patients eligible for TCH is limited. Therefore, a more valid assessment of treatment efficacy can only be made by a matched-pair comparison in cooperation with the clinical registers.
Abdominal Neoplasms↗
[Non-testicular germ cell tumors: analysis of the therapy study MAKEI 83/86 anc changes in the protocol for the follow-up study].
205 patients with germ cell tumors were entered into the GPO Cooperative Study MAKEI 83/86 and classified as follows: 97 teratomas, 66 yolk sac tumors, 22 dysgerminomas, 17 embryonal carcinomas and three choriocarcinomas; 20% of all tumors were classified as mixed histology. Predominant primary sites were the ovaries (91 pts), the saccrococcygeal region (74 pts), the mediastinum (12 pts), the peritoneal cavity (10 pts) and other sites (18 pts). The treatment of teratomas was primarily surgery. Localised dysgerminomas received radiotherapy following surgery, in advanced stages (III, IV) four courses of chemotherapy vinblastine 3 mg/m2/day (days 1 + 2), bleomycin 15 mg/m2/day (days 1-3) and cisplatinum 20 mg/m2/day (days 4-8) (VBC) were applied. The other fully malignant tumors received four courses of VBC chemotherapy, in extragonadal primary tumors and advanced stages of all sites additional four courses of VP16 100 mg/m2/day (days 1-3), ifosfamide 1500 mg/m2/day (days 1-5) and cisplatin 20 mg/m2/day (days 1-5) (VPIC) were administered. To avoid mutilating surgery in advanced disease, four courses of VBC chemotherapy were administered prior to resection. The relapse-free survival according to Kaplan-Meier for protocol patients with teratomas is 0.97 +/- 0.01, for dysgerminomas 0.73 +/- 0.09 and for other fully malignant histologic entities 0.81 +/- 0.02 with a median period of observation of 31 months. The toxicity mainly consisted of myelosuppression during VPIC chemotherapy in 39 of 62 pts resulting in twelve incidents of sepsis with lethal outcome in two pts. Impaired renal function was reported in 14 pts, the incidence of neuropathy, ototoxicity and pulmonary toxicity was negligible. For the follow-up study a reduction in chemotherapy seems justified in patients with favourable prognosis. The substitution of VP16 for vinblastine may result in reduced toxicity.
Adolescent↗
[Treatment of non-testicular germ cell tumors in children and adolescents with BEP and VIP: initial results of the MAKEI 89 therapy study].
The pilot protocol of the German Society of Pediatric Oncology for treatment of non testicular germ cell tumors was initiated in November 1987. The final protocol was started at 1. 1. 89. Different therapy was administered depending on histology, primary localisation or stage of tumors. Patients with malignant germ cell tumors such as dysgerminomas, embryonal carcinomas, yolk sac tumors or chorio carcinomas received BEP (Bleomycin 15 mg/m2/days 1-3, Etoposide 100 mg/m2/days 4-8, Cisplatinum 20 mg/m2/days 4-8), followed by VIP (Vinblastine 3 mg/m2/days 1 + 2, Ifosfamide 1500 mg/m2/days 1-5 including Mesna uroprotection and Cisplatinum 20 mg/m2/days 1-5). Patients with ovary tumors of stage 1 were treated with 3 courses of BEP, patients with ovary tumors stage II and extragonadal localisation received 3 courses of VIP in addition to 3 courses of BEP. In cases of extended tumors 4 courses of BEP were followed by delayed resection of tumors and 4 courses of VIP. Patients with intracranial germinomas were treated with 30 Gy of craniospinal radiation therapy and additional 15 Gy as a tumor boost. Since some cases of spinal extension were reported a spinal radiation therapy seems to be indispensable. Patients with intracranial embryonal carcinomas, yolk sac tumors or chorio carcinomas tumors were given 2 courses of BEP and VIP followed by 30 Gy of craniospinal radiation therapy and additional 20 Gy as a tumor boost. Patients with immature teratomas of the ovary grade 1-3 and grade 3 of tumors with extragonadal localisation were treated with 3 courses of BEP after resection of tumors. Until 1. 1. 1991 92 patients were reported to the study--27 with intracranial and 65 with extracranial primary localisation of tumors. 43 patients suffered from teratomas (including 20 immature teratomas grade 1-3), 18 from germinomas (seminomas/dysgerminomas) and 31 from malignant non-seminomatous germ cell tumors. After an observation period of 29 months disease-free survival rate was 80% (79/92 patients, Kaplan-Meier Statistics). Outcome of intracranial tumors was death or relapse in 2/9 patients with malignant non-seminomatous germ cell tumors, in 2/14 patients with intracranial germinomas, in 2/4 patients with teratomas. Patients with extracranial localisation of tumors suffered from death or relapse in 1/21 cases with non-seminomatous tumors, in 0/4 cases with dysgerminomas and 5/39 cases with teratomas. During pilot study one infant with a malignant non-seminomatous germ cell tumor died of a pneumopathia. Therefore infants treated according to the final protocol did not receive Bleomycin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Adolescent↗
Treatment results in children and adolescents with loco-regional recurrences of abdominal germ cell tumors (GCTs): a pilot-study with PEI chemotherapy and regional deep hyperthermia (RHT) in comparison to a matched cohort.
In this study treatment results in children and adolescents (n = 32) suffering from loco-regional abdominal relapses of germ cell tumors (GCT) (7 embryonal carcinoma, 17 Yolk sac tumors, 8 immature teratomas) aged from 1;0 to 23;3 years (mean = 10;11 years) were evaluated. In this pilot study 9 patients were treated with cisplatinum (40 mg/m2 on days 1 and 4), etoposide (100 mg/m2 on days 1 to 4), and ifosfamide (2000 mg/m2 on days 1 to 4) (PEI) +/- radiation in combination with regional deep hyperthermia (RHI). In sedation RHT was induced by non-invasive heat applicators (Sigma-40 and Sigma 60, BSD Medical Corporation, Utah, USA). In 7 out of these 9 patients with recurrent GCT a tumor response (5 CR, 2 PR, 1 SD, 1 PD) was found. In addition, in 2 patients a complete tumor resection could be achieved inspite of 2 previous incomplete tumor resections each. Five out of 9 patients are living event-free after an observation period ranging from 8 to 40 months (median = 15 months). Treatment results of this RHT study population were compared with treatment results in patients with recurrent GCT, who received conventional relapse therapy (chemotherapy/ surgery +/- radiation) alone. In this matched cohort 5 out of 23 patients are living event-free after an observation time ranging from 1 to 120 months (median = 8 months). According to Kaplan-Maier life table analysis, patients with relapse therapy combined with RHT have an event-free survival (EFS) of 0.41 +/- 0.33 whereas the matched cohort without RHT have an EFS of 0.16 +/- 0.25. The difference in treatment results of both groups is significant (Wilcoxon/p = 0.03). From the data presented in this study we conclude that children with loco-regional recurrences of extracranial non-testicular GCT have an unfavorable prognosis, unless local tumor control can be achieved. The additional application of RHT in combination with conventional therapy (PEI chemotherapy +/- radiation) can improve local tumor control and EFS in GCT patients with loco-regional recurrences. Therefore, based upon these results in the future MAKEI trial RHT will be applied to GCT patients with poor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone as first line treatment.
Abdominal Neoplasms↗