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J Erickson

Publications and source records attributed to J Erickson.

96 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Cocaine metabolite (benzoylecgonine) in hair and urine of drug users.

Two methods of drug detection, urinalysis and hair analysis, were compared with respect to the efficiency of identification of drug use in a population of men living on the Arizona-Mexico border. The standard curve of cannabinoids in urine was linear to 20 ng/mL. The GC/MS levels for all cannabinoids combined in urine were very similar to that obtained by radioimmunoassay (RIA), 91% concordance. Similar results were obtained from samples analyzed dually for the cocaine metabolite benzoylecgonine (BE) after spiking. As determined by RIA of urine, 74% of the subjects were positive for cannabinoids. The majority were in the range of 100-1000 ng/mg creatinine. The pattern of excretion of THC metabolites with respect to the verbally reported time of first use was fairly normal, with the peak rate of elimination 13-24 hours following the last reported use. Washed hair samples were extracted by overnight acid hydrolysis. Urine samples and neutralized hair extracts were analyzed for cocaine and BE by RIA. Of the hair samples, 55% contained cocaine/BE, as compared with only 4.3% of the urine samples. Most hair samples contained cocaine/BE in the range of 25-100 ng/sample (100 mg hair). All hair samples testing negative for cocaine/BE by RIA also tested negative by GC/MS, and four samples containing the highest amounts of cocaine and BE by RIA were similarly found to contain the highest amounts by GC/MS. Hair analysis, therefore, gives a wider window of detection of drug use than does urinalysis and shows merit in the confirmation of cocaine use in small clinical research studies.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cancer induction studies using different administrations of benzenediazonium sulfate in mice.

Benzenediazonium sulfate (BD) was administered as 10 weekly subcutaneous injections at 25 micrograms/g b.w. and as 52 weekly oral gavages at 100 micrograms/g b.w. to Swiss mice, starting at 6 weeks of age. The subcutaneous administration induced tumors in the subcutis with an incidence of 8% in females. The oral treatment gave rise to lung tumors with incidences of 52% in females and 62% in males. In the untreated control female mice, no subcutaneous tissue tumor was observed, but the incidences of lung tumors were 28% in females and 38% in males. Histopathologically, the neoplasms were classified as fibrosarcomas of the subcutis and adenomas and adenocarcinomas of the lungs. In an earlier experiment, BD induced high incidences of subcutaneous tissue tumors in the same species when it was administered as 26 weekly subcutaneous injections at 10 micrograms/g. This indicates the length of treatment is paramount to the dose of carcinogen. The oral route, even though it was carcinogenic in the lungs, failed to elicit the development of cancer in the glandular stomach.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A method for the in vitro measurement of tensions of blood gases with a mass spectrometer.

A specially designed cuvette with an in vivo catheter allows the in vitro measurement of gas tensions in heparinized samples of blood with a mass spectrometer. Approximately 1.5 cc of blood is required, half of which is used to clear the dead space of the cuvette. The partial pressures of oxygen (P-o2) and of carbon dioxide (Pco2) of arterial and venous samples obtained from the catheterized femoral arteries and veins of 10 mongrel dogs were measured with the mass spectometer and with a conventional pH/gass analyzer. Good agreement was obtained between the two methods. The range of validation for P-o2 was between 35 and 100 mmHg; for P-co2 it was between 20 and 88 mmHg. Depletion, temperature control, flow dependency, and calibration problems are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Lack of carcinogenesis by the baked mushroom Agaricus bisporus in mice: different feeding regimen [corrected].

Agaricus bisporus, the cultivated mushroom of the western hemisphere, was baked at 220-230 degrees C for 10 minutes and subsequently fed to mice for 12 hours each day, five days each week throughout their life. After each feeding cycle, the animals received a well-balanced semisynthetic diet for 12 hours each day for five days plus the remaining two full days each week. The estimated average daily mushroom consumption per animal was 4.8 g for a female and 4.2 g for a male. Randomly bred Swiss mice, six weeks old at the start of the experiment, were used. In the baked mushroom-fed group, the incidences of tumors in the lungs, blood vessels, cecum, and colon increased when compared to the untreated controls. These increases were not, however, statistically significant. In another previous experiment, both the raw and the baked mushrooms, when used in different feeding regimens, induced statistically significant incidences of cancers in several organs of the mice. It is possible that the negative finding in the current study was due to insufficient mushroom consumption.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Carcinogenesis by benzenediazonium sulfate in mice.

Benzenediazonium sulfate (BD) was given to Swiss mice by 26 subcutaneous injections of 10 micrograms/g body weight at weekly intervals. The treatment gave rise to tumors of the subcutis. The tumor incidences in the treated groups were 42% in females and 26% in males. The corresponding tumor incidences in the untreated controls were 0% in females and 2% in males. Histopathologically, the neoplasms were classified as fibrosarcomas, rhabdomyosarcomas, and osteosarcomas of the subcutaneous tissue. BD is formed during the cytochrome P-450 catalyzed metabolism of the carcinogenic 1-(phenylazo)-2-hydroxynaphthalene (Sudan I, Solvent Yellow 14), which was used as a coloring agent for food and other materials in several countries. Further, BD is a metabolic breakdown product of different classes of nitrogen-nitrogen bond- containing chemicals. BD is the fourth benzenediazonium salt found to be carcinogenic in this laboratory.

Animals↗