Biomedical subjects

J F Collin

Publications and source records attributed to J F Collin.

21 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1987

[Evaluation of an immunological test for detecting occult fecal blood for case-finding in colorectal tumors].

Screening for colorectal tumours (cancers and polyps) by searching for blood in stools using the gaiac test is a well-known method. We evaluated a new gaiac test, the originality of which from its coupling with an enzyme immuno-assay specifically measuring human hemoglobin (Fecatest). The objectives of this new test were to decrease false positives and thus to improve the positive predictive value of screening. Subjects over 45 years of age attending health examinations at a Center of Preventive Medicine were studied. Of the 5,185 subjects who received the test, 4,376 (84 p. 100) performed it correctly, demonstrating good compliance in this population. For 664 (15 p. 100), the results of the gaiac test were positive. This positivity rate was higher for men than for women (20 p. 100 vs. 10 p. 100) but was not influenced by age. After positive results, 471 (70 p. 100) patients completed investigations decreasing the overall compliance to 80 p. 100. Fifteen cases of cancer and 78 cases of adenomas were found. The positive predictive value of the test was 20 p. 100 for tumours. A benign cause was found in 44 p. 100 of 471 patients, and investigations were negative in 36 p. 100. When the gaiac test was positive, the immunoenzymatic method significantly improved the positive predictive value for cancer (6 p. 100 vs. 3 p. 100) but not for polyps (20 p. 100 vs. 17 p. 100). Three of the 15 cancers and half of the 78 adenomas would not have been discovered with the immunoenzymatic method.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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PubMed1986

[Longitudinal study of the risks related to the consumption of water not conforming to bacteriological norms].

A prospective follow-up study lasting 18 months in 1983-1984 was conducted in 50 villages in order to assess the risk related to the consumption of drinking water which did not meet the bacteriology standards. 119 physicians, 52 pharmacists and 118 primary-school teachers enumerated the cases of acute gastro-intestinal diseases observed among a population of 29,272 inhabitants. A weekly water sample was analysed in each village as to the presence of four indicator germs of fecal contamination: total plate count, total coliforms, fecal coliforms (thermotolerant) and fecal streptococci. 1,950 cases of acute gastro-intestinal diseases were registered by the physicians and pharmacists during a population experience of 1,873,303 persons-weeks, i.e. an incidence density of 1.06 X 10(-3) cases per person-week. The risk notified by the school teachers among children aged 7 to 11 was higher: 16.3 X 10(-3) cases per child-week. The villages were classified in 3 groups, according to the proportion of substandard samples: "good", "intermediate", and "bad" categories. The relative risk contrasting the "bad" and "good" villages was 3.5 for the cases notified by the physicians and the pharmacists among the general population (95% confidence interval = 2.5-4.8); it was 1.7 for the cases reported by the teachers among the children (95% confidence interval = 1.5-1.9). This concordant difference was very significant but not constant across the 18 months of the survey. The authors conclude that the bacteriology standards are a relevant indicator of a health hazard.

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PubMed1983

[Field epidemiology: possible beginning of community health. An example: epidemic caused by water].

The authors illustrate one facet of field epidemiology. They describe an example: a waterborne disease outbreak. The investigations were undertaken in a town in Moselle (F), on the general population with health professionals, school teachers, counselors and water service workers. They estimate that one thousand people had suffered from gastroenteritis (attack rate greater than 60%). Water was polluted and people became ill at the same time and in the same place. There is a strong statistical association between drinkers of polluted water and gastroenteric illness (relative risk: 10). This study has provided population information and resulted in motivation of the responsible people. In the conclusion of the epidemiological investigation they have carried out coherent measures for the protection of the water distribution system.

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