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Biomedical subjects

J F Cullen

Publications and source records attributed to J F Cullen.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Low contrast visual acuity changes in human immuno-deficiency virus (HIV) infection.

A pilot study of low contrast visual acuity testing using Regan Charts has been undertaken in 34 patients seropositive for Human Immuno-Deficiency Virus and 20 normal control subjects. Low contrast visual acuities of the HIV (+) patients both with and without HIV retinopathy were found to be significantly lower than the age-matched controls (p < 0.01). This finding is probably attributable to pathology related to HIV in the visual pathways/Central Nervous System. Lowest contrast Chart (Chart C) was found to be a useful diagnostic tool for HIV retinopathy and presumed neuropathy.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Fucithalmic, chloramphenicol or no treatment after squint surgery in children. A single blind randomised study.

One hundred and four children undergoing strabismus surgery were randomised post-operatively to one of three treatment groups; 1) fucithalmic drops twice daily; 2) chloramphenicol (chlormycetin) ointment twice daily; 3) no treatment. Allocation to the 'no treatment' group had to be stopped after 3 of the first 8 patients in the group developed severe mucopurulent conjunctivitis. A parental questionnaire and clinical assessment, carried out in a single blind fashion revealed that nearly all parents were able to apply the prescribed treatment and that both treatments were effective in preventing bacterial conjunctivitis. Post-operative antibiotics seem to be necessary following squint surgery in children, and fucithalmic viscous drops are a useful alternative to chlormycetin ointment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Red colour comparison perimetry chart in neuro-ophthalmological examination.

A new test chart has been developed as a quick, alternative and supplementary method of perimetric evaluation of the central 25 degrees of the visual field to test for the presence of relative and absolute scotomas as part of a routine eye and neurological examination. The result of a comparison of this test with formal perimetry in 107 patients is described and discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Case of penetrating orbitocranial injury caused by wood.

A case of retained intraorbital and intracerebral wooden foreign body following an orbitocranial penetrating injury through the lower lid of an adult is described. Initial failure to recognise the true nature of the injury led to intracerebral abscess formation and monocular blindness. Diagnosis and management of such cases are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Papilloedema and the optic disc.

The anatomy and blood supply of the optic nerve head are reviewed along with the variations in normal appearance and the aetiology of so-called pseudo-papilloedema. The clinical features and causes of papilloedema due to increased intra-cranial pressure are discussed along with optic disc oedema from other causes. The conditions of optic neuritis, neuropathy and the ischaemic optic neuropathies are also evaluated.

Humans↗
PubMed1987

Neuroparalytic keratitis and the effect of cervical sympathectomy following operative procedures for trigeminal neuralgia.

A study of 248 patients who underwent operative procedures for trigeminal neuralgia over a nineteen year period is presented, with particular reference to those who developed neuroparalytic keratitis to see if cervical sympathectomy had any protective effect on the cornea. 51 patients underwent cervical sympathectomy, 46 as a prophylactic procedure, and 5 as a treatment for neuroparalytic keratitis. Of these patients 3 (5.9%) developed neuroparalytic keratitis, but 2 of them had had an inadequate sympathectomy. Forty seven patients who did not undergo cervical sympathectomy had either an anaesthetic cornea or a reduced corneal reflex, and of these 11 (23.4%) developed neuroparalytic keratitis. An adequate cervical sympathectomy therefore appears to have a protective effect on the cornea against the development of neuroparalytic keratitis.

Cervical Plexus↗
PubMed1986

Pseudophakic cystoid macular edema with the Severin lens.

Clinically significant cystoid macular edema confirmed by fluorescein angiography has been studied in a consecutive series of 285 eyes having intracapsular cataract extraction and Severin intraocular lens implantation. The incidence and natural course of the condition is described and associated factors are discussed.

Cataract Extraction↗
PubMed1985

Headache and temporal arteritis.

A patient presented with headache, soreness over her scalp and general malaise. She was treated for hypertension, but later went blind in one eye. Following referral to the Eye Department, she was treated successfully for six episodes of blindness in her second eye. The case highlights the ways in which temporal arteritis may present. Prompt treatment will save vision, but a missed diagnosis may result in blindness.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation: further review of the Severin lens.

A consecutive series of 116 Severin lens implantations with a mean follow-up time of 9 months was reported 2 years ago. In view of the excellent early outcome the series was continued and the results of the initial series is further reviewed at a mean follow-up time of 28 months. The entire series of 305 Severin lens implantations with a mean follow-up time of 21 months is reported. The early results are compared with the longer term results. Intraocular lens implantation in the United Kingdom is equally divided between extracapsular extractions with a posterior chamber lens and intracapsular extractions with an iris fixated lens, anterior chamber lenses taking third place. While the advantages of the extracapsular technique are undisputed, until YAG Lasers are more widely available for dealing with thickened posterior capsules, an intracapsular technique with an iris fixated lens may still have a place.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Metastatic disease in the pituitary: clinical features.

Three cases of metastatic carcinoma to the pituitary gland presenting with local compression, causing field defects and nerve palsies are reported. The literature on secondary tumours in the pituitary is reviewed and the differentiation between benign and metastatic lesions is discussed. The importance of making the diagnosis preoperatively is emphasized.

Adenocarcinoma↗