Biomedical subjects

J F Hermant

Publications and source records attributed to J F Hermant.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1991

Awakening properties of modafinil: effect on nocturnal activity in monkeys (Macaca mulatta) after acute and repeated administration.

Single oral administration of modafinil (16-64 mg/kg) in monkeys induced an increase in nocturnal activity and in behavioural arousal without stereotyped behaviour. Modafinil-induced increase in nocturnal activity was prevented by the centrally acting alpha 1 adrenoceptor antagonist prazosin. After repeated oral administration of modafinil, b.i.d. for 5 days, nocturnal activity was still increased, but was lower than after a single administration; the gradual decrease appeared on the second night. No rebound of sleep and no residual effect on night 5 (when modafinil was administered for 4 days and placebo on day 5) were seen after the withdrawal of the drug. Therefore, modafinil appeared to produce strong behavioural stimulation and awakening in a non-human primate species, after single, as well as after repeated administration, without other obvious side-effects (no sign of anxiety, no behavioural trouble). These awakening properties involved a modulation (stimulation) of a central alpha 1 adrenergic system.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed1990

Central alpha 1-adrenergic stimulation in relation to the behaviour stimulating effect of modafinil; studies with experimental animals.

Single administration of the new drug modafinil was followed by an increase in locomotor activity in mice and in nocturnal activity in monkeys. Stereotyped behaviour in mice and rats, and potentiation of amphetamine-induced stereotyped behaviour were not observed; however, at the highest dose used, a slight potentiation of apomorphine-induced stereotyped behaviour was observed in rats. The modafinil-induced increase in locomotor activity in mice was prevented by the centrally acting alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonists, prazosin and phenoxybenzamine, and by reserpine but not by the mixed dopamine D-1/D-2 antagonist, haloperidol, the dopamine D-2 antagonist, sulpiride, the peripherally acting alpha 1-adrenoceptor antagonist, phentolamine, the alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonist, yohimbine, the beta-adrenoceptor antagonist, propranolol, or by the catecholamine synthesis inhibitor, alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine. Likewise, the modafinil-induced increase in nocturnal activity in monkeys was prevented by prazosin. Interestingly, modafinil did not produce obvious peripheral sympathetic effects in mice and rats (no salivation, no contraction of the pilomotor muscles, slight mydriasis only at high doses). Therefore, modafinil appears to produce a strong stimulating effect in rodents and in primates. These effects could be linked to modulation (stimulation) of central alpha 1-adrenoceptors unaccompanied by peripheral sympathetic effects, which is unexpected.

Adrenergic alpha-Agonists↗

PubMed1986

[Preoperative spinal localization by the needle and marker wire technic].

Surgeons are increasingly requested to resect dorsal disk herniation. The methods for pre- or peroperative localization of such lesions require a precision that is difficult to obtain with the usual methods. We suggest the needle and marker wire technique, a preoperative invasive technique the accuracy of which has been proven for preoperative localization of non-palpable breast lesions.

Humans↗

PubMed1986

Preoperative spinal localization using the hook wire technique.

Surgeons are increasingly required to resect disk herniations. Methods for preoperative or perioperative localization of such lesions require precision. This is difficult to achieve using the usual methods. We propose the use of a preoperative invasive technique: needle and marker wire. Its precision has been proved for preoperative localization of nonpalpable breast lesions.

Preoperative Care↗