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Biomedical subjects

J F Kinzl

Publications and source records attributed to J F Kinzl.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Binge eating disorder in females: a population-based investigation.

OBJECTIVE: The authors investigated the prevalence of binge eating behavior in a general female Austrian population. METHOD: A random sample of 1,000 women (age range 15a to 85a) was interviewed by dieticians over the phone. Some screening instruments were used to detect binge eating behavior. RESULTS: Of the entire sample, 122 met the diagnostic criteria for binge eating, 84 for binge eating syndrome, and 33 for binge eating disorder (BED). The point prevalence of bulimia nervosa was 1.5%. Women with binge eating episodes carried out more frequently one or more diets within the previous year, and more frequently exhibited a restrained eating behavior than did women without binge eating behavior. Underweight women more often met the diagnostic criteria for bulimia nervosa nonpurging type than did normal weight, overweight, and obese women, while overweight and obese women more frequently met the diagnostic criteria for BED. DISCUSSION: Our findings indicate that binge eating appears to be a fairly common behavior in women. Dieting, chronic restrained eating, and excessive exercise may be important triggers for BED and bulimia nervosa.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Eating disorders in women: a representative study].

The authors examined the prevalence rates of binge-eating behavior, binge-eating disorder (BED), and bulimia nervosa in a female representative random sample in Tyrol. The data were collected ba telephone. Of the 1,000 women, 3 (0.3%) met the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa, 15 (1.5%) for bulimia nervosa, and 33 (3.3%) for binge-eating disorder. While bulimics were young and found in all weight groups, women with BED were mostly overweight or obese and found in all age groups. The findings show that restrained eating, dieting, and/or excessive exercise are risk factors for developing eating disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Eating disorders in males: a representative survey].

The present study examined the prevalence of eating disorders in a male representative random sample in Tyrol. The data were collected by telephone. Of the 1000 men, 8 (0.8%) met the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for binge eating disorder. An additional 42 subjects (4.2%) exhibited a partial binge eating syndrome. These two otherwise widely identical groups of binge eaters were separated only by the DSM-IV frequency criterion. Five subjects (0.5%) met the DSM-IV criteria for the diagnosis of bulimia nervosa, and 94 men (9.4%) reported recurrent overeating. Men with any eating disorder were mostly overweight or obese. The findings show that there is a significant difference in eating disorders between men and women, but certain eating disorders are frequent not only in women but also in men.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Obesity.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Eating-disordered behavior in males: the impact of adverse childhood experiences.

OBJECTIVE: The authors examined the possible relationship of childhood sexual abuse, physical abuse, and dysfunctional family background and the risk for developing an eating disorder in adult males. METHOD: Several anonymous questionnaires were distributed to male university students. RESULTS: Of the 301 men, 12 (4.0%) had experienced childhood sexual abuse, 11 (3.6%) had been victims of physical abuse, 79 (26.2%) reported an adverse family background, and 14 (4.6%) had an increased risk for developing an eating disorder. There were no significant differences in the risk for developing an eating disorder and in total EDI between victims and nonvictims, but a significantly increased risk for eating disorders in men with an adverse family background. DISCUSSION: The findings suggest that long-lasting negative familial relationships, particularly in connection with physically abusive experiences, may increase the risk for eating disorders.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Sexual dysfunctions in men and women: significance of a dysfunctional family climate and sexual abuse].

The authors examined by questionnaire the prevalence and the possible relationship of childhood sexual abuse and dysfunctional family background to the later sexual dysfunctions in a nonclinical male and female student sample. Of the 202 females, 44 (21.8%) reported a narrowly defined childhood sexual abuse, of the 301 men who completed the questionnaires 29 (9.6%) reported any kind of a sexually abusive experience, and 17 (5.6%) were victims of a marked childhood sexual victimization. 66 (32.6%) females and 79 (26%) males reported an adverse family background. Long-lasting adverse familial relationship to attachment figures were significant to later sexual dysfunctions in both sexes. Women, who reported repeated childhood sexual abuse, reported significantly more frequently sexual desire disorder and orgasm disorder. However, males who experienced-in most cases single-childhood sexual abuse, showed not more frequently sexual dysfunctions than nonvictims.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Sexual dysfunction in males: significance of adverse childhood experiences.

This paper examines the impact of childhood sexual victimization, physical abuse, and dysfunctional family background on sexual dysfunctions in adulthood in a nonclinical male student sample. The current analysis is based on data from a survey by questionnaire from 301 males. Our findings show that (a) occasional sexual dysfunctions, especially premature ejaculation and sexual desire disorder, are frequent in young male adults; and (b) long-lasting adverse familial relationship to attachment figures are more influential to later sexual dysfunction than are childhood sexual abuse experiences.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Sexual dysfunctions: relationship to childhood sexual abuse and early family experiences in a nonclinical sample.

Studies investigating a possible relationship between childhood sexual abuse and adult sexual dysfunction have reported highly discrepant results. The purpose of the present study was to examine 202 female university students for early familial experience and childhood sexual abuse in relation to adult sexual disorders. Each student was asked to complete three questionnaires on victimization, sexual dysfunction, early familial experiences. Results indicated that: (a) victims of multiple CSA more frequently reported sexual desire disorders and orgasm disorders than did single-incident victims and nonvictims; (b) single-incident victims and nonvictims reported no significantly different rates for any kind of sexual dysfunction; (c) negative early familial experiences were significantly related to any kind of sexual disorder; and (d) women who reported orgasm disorders more often reported an inadequate sex education than did women with another or no sexual dysfunction. The data suggest that both family dysfunction and sexual victimization contribute to sexual disorders in adulthood, and that later sexual disorders are to a large extent the result of sexual abuse-related factors in particular and family dysfunction in general.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Family background and sexual abuse associated with somatization.

To help clarify the complex association between negative childhood experiences and somatization, the authors examined the possible relationship between self-reported childhood sexual abuse, dysfunctional family background and several types of somatization in a nonclinical sample. Three anonymous questionnaires were completed by 202 female university students (average age 22 years). The findings confirm that severe or repeated childhood sexual victimization and a familial deficiency syndrome in childhood may be important in the pathogenesis of somatization.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Family background and sexual abuse associated with eating disorders.

OBJECTIVE: The authors examined the possible relationship of negative early familial experiences and childhood sexual abuse to the later development of eating disorders. METHODS: Three anonymous questionnaires--a sexual abuse screening checklist, the Biographic Inventory for Diagnosis of Behavioral Disturbances, and the Eating Disorder Inventory--were distributed to 350 female university students. RESULTS: Of the 202 women who completed the questionnaires, 44 (21.8%) were victims of childhood sexual abuse. There were no significant differences in the total or the subscale scores on the Eating Disorder Inventory among women with no, one, or repeated incidents of sexual abuse. However, women who reported an adverse family background displayed significantly higher Eating Disorder Inventory total and subscale scores than did women who assessed family background as a secure base. CONCLUSIONS: The data in this nonclinical female cohort suggest that childhood sexual abuse is neither necessary nor sufficient for the later development of an eating disorder, while an adverse family background may be an important etiological factor.

Adolescent↗