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Biomedical subjects

J F Lee

Publications and source records attributed to J F Lee.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Maffucci's syndrome (hemangiomatosis osteolytica): a report of four cases.

Maffucci's syndrome is a congenital nonfamilial syndrome combining dyschondroplasia, (enchondromatosis) and hemangiomatosis. It is a rare disease; only 200 cases have been reported throughout the world in the past 140 years. Over the past 20 years, four patients have been admitted with signs and symptoms consistent with Maffucci's syndrome. Three were children ages 3, 7, and 9 years. The fourth was 23 years old. Two were male and two female. All had hemangiomas at birth, and all had skeletal deformities and enchondromas. All complained of pain and heaviness of the involved extremity. Three patients had the arterial inflow evaluated with arteriograms, and one had magnetic resonance imaging. Two also had venograms. Two patients had excision of their hemangiomas, and one had sclerotherapy and compression therapy. All had bone biopsies performed. None of the enchondromas or the soft tissue lesions had undergone sarcomatous transformation.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Specific restriction fragment length polymorphism in liver mitochondrial DNA of the Chinese.

By use of restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis, we examined the liver mitochondrial DNA amplified by polymerase chain reaction from 60 Chinese subjects of 31 to 78 years of age. We found nine specific mtDNA polymorphisms that had never been reported before. Eleven subjects had an Alu I polymorphic site in the subunit 2 gene of NADH dehydrogenase, five had a Hae III polymorphic site in the cytochrome oxidase subunit 2 gene, and five had a Hinf I polymorphic site in the subunit 3 gene of cytochrome oxidase. No polymorphic site was found in the structural genes coding for subunits 1, 3, 4, 4L and 6 of NADH dehydrogenase, cytochrome b, and subunit 8 of ATP synthase. Detailed analysis of the RFLP data did not show age-dependent mtDNA polymorphisms. In addition, the analysis of the restriction patterns of all the mtDNAs revealed 12 mtDNA haplotypes in all the Chinese subjects examined. Among them, type 1 mtDNA was found to be the most predominant and comprised 63.3% of the total study subjects. The restriction patterns of type 1 mtDNA generated by all restriction enzymes were identical to those deduced from the Cambridge sequence of human mtDNA. About 8.3% of the subjects exhibited type 2 mtDNA, and 5% had types 3, 5 and 8 mtDNA, respectively. Each of the rest seven mtDNA types comprised about 2% of the samples. Moreover, type 1 mtDNA was found in the platelets of three white Americans. These findings suggest that type 2 to type 12 mtDNAs have come into existence through the generation or loss of specific polymorphic restriction sites in the mtDNA of the Chinese.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Decreased amniotic fluid index in term pregnancy. Clinical significance.

In a study of 331 term pregnancies a four-quadrant technique was used to obtain amniotic fluid index measurements, and the results were compared with the current widely used single-pocket measurement. In contrast to the "2-cm rule," the amniotic fluid index measurements consistently demonstrated higher sensitivity in predicting poor fetal outcome with no decrease in specificity. It was noted that pregnancies with an index of < or = 8 cm showed higher incidences of meconium staining, cesarean delivery for fetal distress, abnormal fetal heart rate monitoring and Apgar scores of < or = 7 or less at one minute.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1991

Leiomyosarcoma of the broad ligament--report of two cases.

Leiomyosarcoma of the broad ligament (LBL) is a very rare tumor. Up to 1989, there had been only 7 cases reported in the English literature. During recent 12 years, we have had 15 cases of leiomyosarcoma in our department. Among them, there were two cases of LBL. The others were leiomyosarcoma of the uterine corpus. The first patient was 36 years old. She received total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and paraaortic lymph node sampling followed by chemotherapy with adriamycin. Intra-abdominal recurrence with hepatic metastasis occurred 18 months after operation and she received palliative radiotherapy. The second patient was 65 years old and received subtotal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, omental biopsy and suprapubic cystostomy followed also by chemotherapy with adriamycin. She received segmental resection of ileum and ileostomy due to intestinal obstruction caused by metastasis 5 months after her initial operation. Both patients were still alive when reported with 33 and 26 months of survival, respectively. The nature and management for LBL are scarcely reported, accumulation of cases and clinical experiences are needed.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Vascular rehabilitation: benefits of a structured exercise/risk modification program.

A vascular rehabilitation program was designed to increase exercise tolerance and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with lower extremity arterial occlusive disease. Sixty-eight patients (32 men, 36 women); ages 55 to 85 years (mean, 68 years) with claudication 30 (44%), or recovering from lower extremity revascularization 36 (53%), or endovascular procedures 2 (3%) entered the vascular rehabilitation program. Each underwent a physical examination, risk factor assessment, noninvasive arterial studies, and cardiac evaluation. A history was taken from each patient also. Six patients (9%) were excluded on recognition of silent myocardial ischemia. Sixty-two patients (91%) were accepted for exercise training in a program designed to offer 24 (1-hour) monitored exercise sessions, 12 (1-hour) personalized education lectures, and development of a home maintenance exercise program. No deaths or major morbidity occurred. Seventeen patients (27%) did not finish the program, eight (13%) because of development of significant cardiac, extremity, or cerebrovascular disease and nine for nonmedical reasons. Of the 45 patients (73%) who completed the program, 38 (88%) had documented increases in walking distances of greater than 100% (122% to 450%). All 45 patients designed home exercise programs, and 88% of the smokers quit. Long-term follow-up was available on 100% of the patients. Thirty-eight patients (84%) have been followed for 2 years or more. Thirty-eight (84%) maintained or improved walking distances recorded on exit from the program. Thirty of the 36 patients (83%) who stopped smoking remained nonsmokers. Significant reductions in cholesterol were seen at 1 year, and significant reductions in triglycerides were seen at 12 weeks and 1 year.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Substituted 1,3-dihydro-2H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-2-ones as potential antiinflammatory agents.

A series of analogues based on the 1,3-dihydro-2H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-2-one ring system have been synthesized and shown to possess oral antiinflammatory activity in both the reverse passive Arthus reaction (RPAR) pleural cavity assay in rats and in the adjuvant-induced arthritic rat model (AAR). Several members of this series additionally exhibit an inhibitory effect on the in vivo production of prostaglandin- and leukotriene-derived products or arachidonic acid metabolism although these compounds exhibit no significant inhibitory activity against the cyclooxygenase and 5-lipoxygenase enzymes in vitro. Structure-activity relationships in this series are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Changing patterns in the presentation of breast cancer over 25 years.

The clinical stage at presentation of 280 women with histologically proven breast cancer is reviewed over a 25 year time span from 1962 to 1987. The data from 240 unscreened patients, including 87 women from the period 1962 to 1963, 103 women from 1981 to 1982, and 50 women from 1986 to 1987 demonstrate a chronologically based improvement in the stage of disease at presentation over the 25 years. Specifically, over that period, there was a fall in the mean tumour diameter, a reduction in the proportion of patients with involved axillary nodes, and a greater percentage of patients with Stages I and II disease. A reduction in the symptomatic period was also noted over this time, and a direct relationship was found between the duration of symptoms and tumour size, nodal status and overall stage of disease. A subsequent comparison with the staging data from 40 women with breast cancer detected at a breast screening clinic (1985-87) shows that significant further advances in the earlier diagnosis of breast cancer can be achieved. Mammographic breast screening centres represent the best-known means of early breast cancer detection, and thus may hold the key to reducing breast cancer mortality.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Effect of ethanol intake on rat liver mitochondrial respiration and oxidative phosphorylation.

The effect of ethanol intake on liver mitochondrial functions was investigated by feeding rats with a liquid isocaloric diet containing various concentrations of ethanol. We found that after feeding the liquid diet for 2 to 3 months, the body weight of rats did not show a significant difference between treated and control groups. However, the mitochondrial respiration rate decreased significantly with the increase of ethanol concentration in the diet. We found that when the rats were fed on 10.8% ethanol, the average succinate-supported State 3 respiration rate decreased from 54.5 to 44.8 nmol O2/min/mg and the glutamate-malate-supported State 3 respiration rate decreased from 38.8 to 23.6 nmol O2/min/mg as compared with the control. Interestingly, we noted that ethanol intake caused a more drastic effect on State 3 respiration than on State 4 respiration, irrespective of the substrate utilized by the mitochondria. In addition, the respiratory control and ADP/O ratios were found to decrease concomitantly with the increase of ethanol level in the diet. Moreover, we found that the effect of ethanol on both respiratory control and ADP/O ratios of liver mitochondria was more pronounced in glutamate-malate-supported respiration than succinate-supported respiration. These results clearly demonstrate that ethanol intake by the rat can cause impairment of liver mitochondrial respiration and oxidative phosphorylation, and that these effects are exerted through damage to mitochondrial membranes.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1988

Antiallergy agents. 1. Substituted 1,8-naphthyridin-2(1H)-ones as inhibitors of SRS-A release.

A novel class of antiallergy agents, the substituted 1,8-naphthyridin-2(1H)-ones, is described. The present compounds are orally active, potent inhibitors of allergic and nonallergic bronchospasm in animal models. Structure-activity studies of the lead compound in this series, 1-phenyl-3-n-butyl-4-hydroxynaphthyridin-2(1H)-one (11), identified three compounds of interest, 1-phenyl-3-(2-propenyl)-4-acetoxy-1,8-naphthyridin-2(1H)-one (12), 1-(3'-chlorophenyl)-3-(2-propenyl)-4-acetoxy-1,8-naphthyridin-2(1H )-one (87), and 1-(3'-methoxyphenyl)-3-(2-propenyl)-4-acetoxy-1,8-naphthyridin-2(1 H)-one (89). The mechanism of antiallergy activity may involve inhibition of the release of the sulfidopeptide leukotrienes. 1-Phenyl-3-(2-propenyl)-4-acetoxy-1,8-naphthyridin-2(1H)-one, Sch 33303 (12), was selected for preclinical development as an antiallergy agent.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Vein compression by arterial aneurysms.

This study was done to emphasize the importance of early, accurate diagnosis of arterial aneurysms that show the symptoms of venous obstruction. Fourteen patients were identified as having atherosclerotic aneurysms producing venous compression. Nine patients had popliteal aneurysms, causing popliteal vein thrombosis in three patients and vein compression without thrombosis in six patients. Five patients had iliac artery aneurysms, producing left iliac vein thrombosis in one patient and venous compression without thrombosis in four patients. In 10 patients the cause of the venous compression symptoms was correctly identified and appropriate revascularization was performed with successful results. In four patients, two with iliac artery aneurysms and two with popliteal artery aneurysms, the associated aneurysm was not identified. One patient died of a ruptured aneurysm and three patients had below-knee amputations because of untreatable distal ischemia. Inappropriate treatment of patients with venous obstruction from unrecognized arterial aneurysms is associated with unacceptable morbidity and mortality. Accurate diagnosis with timely aneurysm repair eliminates the risk of aneurysm rupture or thrombosis and simultaneously alleviates venous compression symptoms.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Preanesthetic care. Intoxication and trauma.

On the basis of the above discussion, a number of useful guidelines appear for the anesthetic management of alcohol and drug abusers. 1. Because of the decreased ability of intoxicated patients to withstand hemorrhage, blood replacement therapy should probably be instituted earlier than in the nonintoxicated patient. 2. Because the chronic alcoholic may actually be iso-osmotically overhydrated, fluid therapy must be planned with care. 3. Because of the tendency to hypoglycemia, glucose should be added to the fluid management regimen. 4. Because of the enzyme induction effect of chronic ETOH ingestion, anesthetic agents that are in part metabolized (methoxyflurane, halothane, fluroxene) are perhaps best avoided. Increased ability to metabolize anesthetic agents appears to be associated with toxicity. 5. Because ETOH is a CNS depressant and has been shown to have amnesia-inducing properties, supplementation of nitrous oxide-relaxant technique with narcotics or other depressant drugs should be reduced, if not eliminated. 6. Because acutely intoxicated individuals are more prone to hypothermia, their core temperature should be monitored intraoperatively. All intravenous fluids should be warmed and a warming blanket should be employed, if necessary, to maintain body temperature. 7. Because of the sympathomimetic effect of many of the drugs, pulse and blood pressure can be misleading in the assessment of blood loss.

Alcoholic Intoxication↗
PubMed1975

Behaviorally evoked hippocampal theta waves: a cholinergic response.

Forced running in a treadmill results in the instantaneous appearance of a synchronous electroencephalographic pattern in the dorsal hippocampus of the rat. A similar bioelectric response in the absence of movement is induced by physostigmine. Both responses are blocked with scopolamine. Lesions of the medial septal nucleus abolish hippocampal theta waves induced by forced running or physostigmine.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1975

Thyroid hemangioma.

A case is presented of a fifty-six year old man with a thyroid hemangioma presenting as a neck mass with tracheal deviation and unilateral vocal cord paralysis. A standard thyroid scan yielded equivocal findings. The diagnosis was determined preoperatively by the use of a 99m-technetium angiogram that disclosed the vascular nature of the lesion. Subsequent arteriography demonstrated the main arterial supply of the mass to be from both inferior thyroid arteries. Operative removal of the mass was accomplished through a standard transverse cervical incision. Pathologic study revealed that the vascular tumor involved both the surrounding normal thyroid parenchyma and also a microfollicular adenoma. This case points out the value of utilizing all available diagnostic means in atypical cases of thyroid disease.

Angiography↗