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Biomedical subjects

J F Low

Publications and source records attributed to J F Low.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Latency and duration of stimulation of human muscle protein synthesis during continuous infusion of amino acids.

1. The aim of this study was to describe the time course of the response of human muscle protein synthesis (MPS) to a square wave increase in availability of amino acids (AAs) in plasma. We investigated the responses of quadriceps MPS to a approximately 1.7-fold increase in plasma AA concentrations using an intravenous infusion of 162 mg (kg body weight)(-1) h(-1) of mixed AAs. MPS was estimated from D3-leucine labelling in protein after a primed, constant intravenous infusion of D3-ketoisocaproate, increased appropriately during AA infusion. 2. Muscle was separated into myofibrillar, sarcoplasmic and mitochondrial fractions. MPS, both of mixed muscle and of fractions, was estimated during a basal period (2.5 h) and at 0.5-4 h intervals for 6 h of AA infusion. 3. Rates of mixed MPS were not significantly different from basal (0.076 +/- 0.008 % h(-1)) in the first 0.5 h of AA infusion but then rose rapidly to a peak after 2 h of approximately 2.8 times the basal value. Thereafter, rates declined rapidly to the basal value. All muscle fractions showed a similar pattern. 4. The results suggest that MPS responds rapidly to increased availability of AAs but is then inhibited, despite continued AA availability. These results suggest that the fed state accretion of muscle protein may be limited by a metabolic mechanism whenever the requirement for substrate for protein synthesis is exceeded.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Cell proliferation, apoptosis, NF-kappaB expression, enzyme, protein, and weight changes in livers of burned rats.

Thermal injury has been shown to alter gut epithelium and heart myocyte homeostasis by inducing programmed cell death. The effect of thermal injury on hepatocyte apoptosis and proliferation, however, has not been established. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a large thermal injury increases liver cell apoptosis and proliferation and whether these changes were associated with alterations in hepatic nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) expression and changes in liver enzymes and amount of protein. Sprague-Dawley rats received a 40% total body surface area scald burn or sham burn. Rats were killed and livers were harvested at 1, 2, 5, and 7 days after burn. Liver cell apoptosis was determined by terminal deoxyuridine nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay and cell proliferation by immunohistochemistry for proliferating cell nuclear antigen. Hepatic NF-kappaB expression was determined by Western blot, and total hepatic protein content was determined by protein assay. Protein concentration decreased after burn compared with sham controls (P < 0.05). Liver cell apoptosis, proliferation, and NF-kappaB expression in hepatocytes increased in burned rats compared with controls (P < 0.05). It was concluded that thermal injury induces hepatic cell apoptosis and proliferation associated with an increase in hepatic NF-kappaB expression and a decrease in hepatic protein concentration.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1997

Religious orientation and pain management.

Occupational therapists may find pain management less effective than anticipated for the patient's condition. In exploring additional avenues of relief, it is important to look beyond physical agents. The therapist must sort physical, psychological, and spiritual components of pain to provide appropriate intervention or referral. The interface between health care and religion is strongest at the point of confrontation with a life-changing event. Literature addressing the relationship between religious orientation and pain perception differentiates among major religions but not among differences in beliefs of diverse denominational groups. Understanding beliefs about pain may be indispensable to its effective management. Productivity demands necessitate sensitivity to factors other than the physical in order to avoid ineffective treatment. The patient's beliefs can be explored within the contexts of initial evaluation and the course to treatment. Knowledge of the mechanics of pain and treatment modalities can be augmented by awareness of the influence of beliefs on response to treatment.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1992

The reconstruction aides.

The reconstruction aides, civilian women who served in World War I, are credited with an influential role in the development of occupational therapy. Their task was to provide treatment in the form of occupation to enable servicemen suffering from wounds or battle neurosis to return to the battlefront. Although some occupational therapy aides were occupational therapists, many were teachers, artists, and craftspersons. This paper traces the history of the reconstruction aides, describes the women who served, and recounts their experiences. The relationships between reconstruction aides and other professions suggest the origins of current problems of professional identity and role delineation.

Female↗
PubMed1987

Behavior as a diagnostic aid in failure-to-thrive.

The presence of a defined set of behaviors was examined in 67 hospitalized infants, 3-24 months old; 17 with organic failure-to-thrive (OFTT), 17 with nonorganic failure-to-thrive (NOFTT), and 33 with no signs of failure-to-thrive. The usefulness of assessing these behaviors to distinguish nonorganic from organic failure-to-thrive infants was evaluated. The frequency of behaviors per infant as well as the intensity of behaviors was greater for NOFTT. The order of decreasing frequency of behaviors was similar in both OFTT and NOFTT infants. Four of the 7 most prevalent behaviors occurred significantly more frequently in NOFTT than OFTT infants. The presence of these behaviors does not rule in NOFTT or rule out OFTT. However, when a number of the behaviors are present, particularly if they occur in high intensity, and when no organic disease is found, a diagnosis of NOFTT is suggested. Response to appropriate treatment remains the most reliable confirmation of the diagnosis.

Child Behavior↗