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Biomedical subjects

J F Mowbray

Publications and source records attributed to J F Mowbray.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Tissue typing amniotic fluid cells: potential use for detection of contaminating maternal cells.

The presence of contaminating maternal cells in amniotic fluid is an important, though infrequent, cause of error in karyotyping the fetus. A method of detecting contaminating maternal cells in amniocentesis specimens by determining the HLA phenotype of the cells of amniotic fluid and the mother is described. Tissue typing of 15 amniocentesis specimens was performed, and in 14 cases the fetal origin of the cells was established. In one case, the results of tissue typing suggested maternal cell contamination, though this had not been suspected from chromosome studies of the amniotic fluid cell cultures. Other possible uses for tissue typing of amniotic fluid specimens for prenatal diagnosis are also described.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1979

Demonstration of two disease specific antigens in circulating immune complexes.

A method is described to assess antigenic cross-reactivity between soluble immune complexes precipitated from sera with polyethylene glycol. The precipitated complex from one serum was dissociated in acid and used to coat a plastic cup. Radioiodinated complexes from another serum were dissociated in the cup, neutralized and allowed to reassociate overnight. The binding of the labelled complex was used to measure the cross-reactivity between the complexes. Using this technique, complexes from a group of patients with haematuria and hypertension have been found to share an antigen, and a different antigen was found in patients with bullous pemphigoid. The participation of rheumatoid factors in the cross-reactions is unlikely, and no cross-reactivity of either group was found with sera from patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

The use of the preparation of F(ab')2 antibody from soluble immune complexes to determine the complexed antigens.

An autoradiographic technique for the characterization of antibody specificity in soluble antigen--antibody complexes has been developed. The circulating antigen--antibody complexes are precipitated by polyethylene glycol (PEG). The antibodies are liberated as F(ab')2 from the complexes by pepsin digestion. The antibody specificity against the putative antigen was revealed by radioimmunoelectrophoresis using [125I]-F(ab')2 reagents. The method was developed by using an experimental model of C3/anti-C3 complexes.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Defective yeast opsonization and C2 deficiency in atopic patients.

Twenty-seven per cent of atopic patients initially presenting with infantile eczema or hay fever were defective for yeast opsonization and 18% had low levels of C2; these deficiencies were mutually exclusive, suggesting that they are primary. Both defects were associated with each of four different atopic syndromes, some of which were related to certain HLA haplotypes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Human papovavirus in Papanicolaou smears of urinary sediment detected by transmission electron microscopy.

A technique is described whereby inclusion-bearing cells identified by light microscopy in stained smears of urinary sediment were reprocessed for examination in the electron microscope. The nuclei of the abnormal cells were found to contain numerous virus particles, 35 nm in diameter, which morphologically resembled papovaviruses. The technique was applied in this case to identify further the virus producing the cytopathic changes in the Papanicolaou smear. It could be particularly valuable for retrospective studies of mounted cytological or histological material when suitable specimens are no longer available for virological investigation.

Humans↗
PubMed1977

Activation of the alternative pathway by gluten. A possible aetiological factor in dermatitis herpetiformis.

Gluten fractions are shown to activate the alternative pathway of complement when added to normal human serum. Breakdown of C3 and Factor B occur in a manner analogous to that when activated by zymosan, in the presence of MgEGTA and in serum devoid of classical pathway activity. The suggestion is made that bypass activation may be the primary event when gluten enters the serum across a damaged gut mucosa. Immune complexes containing non-complement fixing IgA antigluten antibody are carried to the skin where it is proposed that complexed gluten activates C3 and initiates an inflammatory reaction.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1976

80% of patients with intrinsic asthma are homozygous for HLA W6. Is intrinsic asthma a recessive disease?

Of 26 patients with intrinsic asthma, 21 (81%) were homozygous for the histocompatibility antigen HLA-W6. Also, half the patients had complement defects, in particular low levels of C2. This is the first indication of a strong genetic component in intrinsic asthma, apart from that already known from family studies. These findings suggest that intrinsic asthma may be a recessive disease.

Asthma↗
PubMed1976

A comparison of histocompatibility antigens in dermatitis herpetiformis and adult coeliac disease.

The incidence of histocompatibility antigens HL-A, 4a and 4b was studied in thirty-eight patients with dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) and thirty-six patients with adult coeliac disease (ACD). The 4b antigen was found in all the DH and ACD patients. HL-A 8 was found in 89% of patients with ACD--similar to the incidence reported in previous studies--and in 79% of patients with DH, a higher incidence than in previous studies which may be due to stricter criteria being used here to diagnose DH. There was no significant difference in the incidence of HL-A 8 between those patients with DH whose small intestinal biopsies appeared macroscopically abnormal and those with a normal macroscopic appearance. These findings suggest that patients with DH form a single disease group and do not support the concept previously postulated that there are two groups of patients with DH, one with an increased incidence of HL-A 8 antigen similar to that in ACD who have a gluten sensitive enteropathy (GSE), and another with a normal incidence of HL-A 8 antigen and without enteropathy.

Celiac Disease↗
PubMed1976

Abnormal responses to rubella infection.

Two cases of rubella are described which caused initial problems in laboratory diagnosis due to abnormal features in the immune response. One patient presented with thrombocytopenic purpura and associated circulating immune complexes. The other patient, who was in early pregnancy, had an unusually prolonged rash and a delayed humoral immune response. The possible reasons for the difficulties in serological confirmation are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Detection of circulating immune complexes in pathological human sera.

The results of attempts to detect circulating immune complexes in sera by two methods are described. Both rely on the binding of the first complement component (C1) to the complex for its detection. The results, using these methods, of attempts to show which patients have complexes which contain nucleic acid and hence possibly viral antigens in the complexes are discussed. The anti-complementary complexes found in some patients seem to be associated with immune-complex vascular disease.

Adult↗