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Biomedical subjects

J F Pearson

Publications and source records attributed to J F Pearson.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Role of balloon dilatation of the aortic valve in pregnant patients with severe aortic stenosis.

The outcome of unrelieved severe symptomatic aortic stenosis in pregnancy is poor. Though the valve lesion can be corrected surgically before delivery at a low risk to the mother, cardiopulmonary bypass during pregnancy carries a high risk to the fetus. Two patients in the second trimester of pregnancy were successfully managed with balloon dilatation of the aortic valve. Both delivered healthy infants and were well a year later. Balloon dilatation of the aortic valve is a useful palliative procedure in the management of pregnant women with severe aortic stenosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Symphysis-fundus height, maternal height, labor pattern, and mode of delivery.

Fetal growth was monitored with use of symphysis-fundus charts in 920 consecutive term singleton pregnancies with cephalic presentation. There were 402 primigravid and 518 multigravid patients. The symphysis-fundus charts were divided into four zones and the patients allocated into groups according to the zone of the last symphysis-fundus height measurement before the onset of labor. A highly significant increase was noted in the incidence of abnormal labor and operative delivery in group A primigravid women (symphysis-fundus height above the ninetieth centile), which was even more pronounced when the effect of epidural analgesia was excluded. Conversely, there was a significant progressive increase in the proportion of operative deliveries for fetal distress from group A through group D (symphysis-fundus height below the tenth centile). Similar trends were significant but less pronounced among multigravid women. The relationship between maternal height, symphysis-fundus height, and operative delivery for dystocia in primigravid women was examined. High operative delivery rates were present in group A primigravid patients regardless of maternal height. In groups B and C, however, increased maternal height was associated with lower operative delivery rates.

Body Height↗
PubMed1986

Relation of haemoglobin levels in first and second trimesters to outcome of pregnancy.

The relation between haemoglobin (Hb) concentrations at antenatal booking and subsequent outcome was examined in 54 382 singleton pregnancies. Both high (greater than 13.2 g/dl) and low (less than 10.4 g/dl) Hb values were associated with an adverse outcome. Mothers with a booking Hb in the intermediate range (10.4-13.2 g/dl) fared best. Significant differences emerged in perinatal mortality between those with high and those with intermediate Hb levels at 13-19 weeks' gestation. The frequencies of perinatal death, low birthweight, and preterm delivery were greater with high than with intermediate Hb. There was a striking relation between booking Hb values and the subsequent frequency of hypertension (p less than 0.001). In primiparas, the frequency of subsequent hypertension ranged from 7% at Hb values under 10.5 g/dl to 42% at Hb concentrations over 14.5 g/dl.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

New insulating material in maintenance of body temperature.

Flectalon, web of aluminised polyvinylchloride fibres, has been formulated to minimise radiant heat losses and to provide conventional insulation. Critical temperature determinations were used to assess the insulating efficacy of this and other swaddling materials in infants. The critical temperature for a baby 2 to 10 days old was 31 degrees C when naked and 23 degrees C when wrapped in a Silver Swaddler or a sheet and two blankets. The use of a quilt made with Thinsulate or Hollofil with a mass per unit area of 160 to 180 g/m2 reduced the critical temperature to 19.5 degrees C, while Flectalon of comparable weight reduced the critical temperature to 13.8 degrees C: Flectalon is thus an efficient insulator. The risk of overheating was studied by monitoring swaddled babies, rectal temperatures at various ambient temperatures. Some forms of swaddling caused increases in rectal temperatures at "normal' hospital temperatures, implying risks from warmer environments and assessments of swaddling materials should, therefore, include medical evaluation of efficiency and safety. Flectalon merits assessment in other groups at risk from hypothermia.

Aluminum↗
PubMed1984

Conservative management of pregnancy in diabetic women.

In 1979 the obstetric management of pregnancies in diabetic women in Cardiff was changed from elective delivery at 37-38 weeks to delivery at term. This change was facilitated by home monitoring of blood glucose concentrations and improved techniques for assessing fetal wellbeing. There were 35 pregnancies in insulin dependent diabetics in 1972-8 and 45 in 1979-82. The quality of diabetic control during pregnancy was equally good in both periods. The average gestation at final admission to hospital increased from 30 to 37 weeks. Amniocentesis to assess fetal pulmonary maturity was necessary in 26 patients (74%) in the first period of study and in only four (9%) in the second. Gestational age at delivery increased from 37.4 to 39.4 weeks after the change in policy. The proportion of mothers entering spontaneous term labour and delivering vaginally increased from 14.3% to 37.8%. The mean birth weight of live born, singleton infants increased from 3090 g to 3650 g, the feeding pattern improved, and respiratory problems were less common. Morbidity was reduced and perinatal mortality was not increased with conservative management of pregnancy in diabetic women.

Apgar Score↗
PubMed1984

Salivary oestriol in normal and abnormal pregnancies.

Profiles of daily salivary oestriol concentrations throughout the third trimester of pregnancy have been constructed for 14 normal and 11 abnormal pregnancies. Day-to-day variations were significantly higher than those reported for unconjugated oestriol in plasma or serum. A sustained decline in salivary oestriol concentrations was observed in one pregnancy in which intrauterine death occurred. Sustained falls were also observed in two pregnancies in which a healthy infant was born at term. In all other patients a normal salivary oestriol profile correlated with a favourable outcome. Salivary oestriol measurements provide similar information to plasma unconjugated oestriol measurements while offering the advantages of a simple, non-invasive sample collection procedure.

Estriol↗
PubMed1983

Fetal surgery.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Antenatal screening by measurement of symphysis-fundus height.

A study was undertaken to assess the value of symphysis-fundus measurement as a screening procedure for intrauterine growth retardation. The reproducibility of this measurement was investigated in two groups of six patients, each measured six times by six different observers. The intraobserver coefficient of variation was 4.6% and the interobserver coefficient of variation 6.4%. There was no evidence that experience aided consistency. A chart of symphysis-fundus measurements derived from Cardiff data was found to be similar to others previously published, and one measurement below the 10th centile identified 64% of pregnancies in which the eventual birth weight was below the 10th centile for gestational age. Symphysis-fundus measurement is a useful screening test; one chart could be used for any Caucasian population and should be incorporated into the maternity services "co-operation card."

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1982

Ritodrine in the management of fetal distress.

The potential value of a bolus injection of ritodrine in the management of fetal distress was examined in 24 patients. Following the injection of ritodrine, uterine activity measured over a period of 14.7 +/- 6.3 (SD) min was reduced to 22 (+/- 12.4 SD)% of the pre-existing values. The cardiotocographic tracings showed a reversion to a normal or less ominous pattern in 14 of the 16 patients where this could be evaluated. The infants in the ritodrine group took less time to establish regular respirations. The perinatal neurobehaviour in the ritodrine and control groups did not differ. Two mothers who were given ritodrine and who received atropine premedication developed tachycardia and marked systolic hypertension. The administration of a bolus of ritodrine may have a place in the management of fetal distress when caesarean section is unavoidably delayed, but atropine premedication must be avoided as the combination can lead to potentially serious cardiovascular complications.

Adult↗