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Biomedical subjects

J F Reed

Publications and source records attributed to J F Reed.

70 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Sequelae of internal sphincterotomy for chronic fissure in ano.

A total of 1355 patients underwent internal sphincterotomy for chronic fissure in ano between 1980 and 1985. Surgical data were obtained for 1102 patients, and 829 patients responded to a questionnaire. Of the 1057 for whom the time of healing was recorded, 1033 (97.7 per cent) healed by a mean time of 5.6 weeks. No significant differences in satisfaction with the outcome or in deficits in continence were noted between groups undergoing lateral, bilateral or posterior midline sphincterotomy. Excision of the fissure was found to be unnecessary. According to responses on the questionnaires, deficits in continence ranging from 'sometimes' to 'frequently' included lack of control of flatus (35.1 per cent), soiling of underclothing (22.0 per cent) and accidental bowel movements (5.3 per cent). A significantly higher proportion of patients who had accidental bowel movements were aged over 40 years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Development of an inflammatory bowel disease registry.

Inflammatory Bowel Disease is characterized by two major entities, Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis. These bowel diseases have associated problems involving the eyes, joints, skin, kidneys, immunological system, hepatobiliary system, and psychiatric disturbances. A regional IBD registry encompassing 18 hospitals and IBD specialists in east/northeast Pennsylvania was established to promote awareness of the clinical and epidemiological aspects of the disease. Results of this data collection effort will be shared with patients and physicians through the use of newsletters and symposia. A Basic History (HX) form, an Operative Data (OR) form, and an Annual Follow-up (FU) form was used to collect relevant data. Participation is voluntary and all information is confidential.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Robust alternatives to traditional analysis of variance: Welch W*, James J I*, James J II*, Brown-Forsythe BF*.

Contaminated data sets commonly appear in biomedical sciences. Traditional statistical analyses are based on a 'normality' assumption and homogeneity of variances assumption. If either or both assumptions are violated, traditional statistical procedures may give an inflated type I error rate and are then not robust. Robust alternatives to traditional one-way analysis of variance have better power curves and protect against inflated type I error rates.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of Monte Carlo generation of long-tailed symmetric and contaminated symmetric distributions.

Generating random variables from a specific distribution, whether symmetric or asymmetric, is a concern of investigators involved in Monte Carlo studies. Of particular interest to those concerned with robustness is the generation of contaminated symmetric distributions such as those used in the Princeton Robustness Study. A reliable composite uniform U(0,1) generator is described and algorithms for transforming U(0,1) to symmetric long-tailed and contaminated symmetric distributions are given. Goodness-of-fit tests and graphical illustrations demonstrate the adequacy of the empirical distributions.

Algorithms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of Monte Carlo generation of continuous asymmetric distributions.

Reliable methods for generating pseudo-random numbers from specific distributions are increasingly important in all branches of applied mathematics. In Monte Carlo studies, generating random variables from specific continuous probability distributions, whether symmetric or asymmetric is a fundamental consideration. A composite uniform U(0,1) generator algorithm is described and statistically tested. Algorithms for transforming the U(0,1) to a set of selected continuous probability distributions are also validated.

Algorithms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Correlation of Risser sign and bone age determination in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

At the present, there appears to be a lack of unanimity in the choice of whether the Risser sign (iliac apophysis maturation) or determination of skeletal maturation by bone age roentgenograms is the more accurate indicator of maturity in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. In an effort to clarify this issue, the authors correlated data from 111 patients to determine the relationship between accuracy of Risser sign and bone age determinations performed during similar chronologic intervals. Data from bone age determinations were then correlated with Risser sign data, and a regression line statistical determination was made. The iliac crest apophysis maturation was statistically significantly (p less than 0.01) correlated with data retrieved by skeletal age assessment.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Acupuncture/acupressure to treat gagging dental patients: a clinical study of anti-gagging effects.

Noninvasive methods advocated by some clinicians are not very successful in dealing with patient gagging, while sedation approaches run the risk of the patient aspirating foreign bodies. The P-6 Neikuan acupuncture point, located on the wrist, has been used in the Far East for thousands of years for its anti-nausea and anti-anxiety properties. In the West, it is the acupuncture point most studied. Only recently has interest been shown in the P-6 point for its possible anti-gagging effect. The anti-gagging effect of P-6 stimulation is documented in this article. The P-6 point has remarkable anti-gagging effects if stimulation is applied correctly. Clinicians may apply thumb pressure at the P-6 point to achieve some effect, although this is not as effective as acupuncture. Nevertheless, a substantial percentage of gagging patients would be able to go through dental procedures without gagging when the P-6 point is stimulated.

Acupressure↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Meta-analysis of the reliability of noninvasive carotid studies.

The author examined those published studies of the consistency (homogeneity) of study outcomes of noninvasive tests that assess the degree of carotid artery disease. Noninvasive tests used to detect carotid artery disease include ocular pneumoplethysmography and duplex ultrasound pulsed Doppler spectral analysis with high-resolution B-mode scan. This meta-analysis showed that all authors had reached essentially the same conclusion: 1) one of these noninvasive tests may be sufficient to determine the clinical management of carotid artery disease, and 2) when two tests are concordant, the test degree of certainty is greatly improved, with anatomic and physiologic information that often matches or surpasses that afforded by the more invasive percutaneous carotid arteriography.

Carotid Artery Diseases↗