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J F Roy

Publications and source records attributed to J F Roy.

4 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Prevalent and incident depression in community-dwelling elderly persons with diabetes mellitus: results from the ZARADEMP project.

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Although several studies have reported on the association between diabetes and depression, none have used both formal psychiatric criteria and a prospective, population-based design. Therefore, it remains unclear whether diabetes is a risk factor for the development of depression. Moreover, it is not clear if this effect is influenced by other chronic diseases and functional disabilities. METHODS: A large (n=4,803) representative community-based study in Spanish elderly subjects (at least 55 years of age) was conducted. The presence of major depression was assessed by means of a standardised psychiatric diagnostic interview (Automated Geriatric Examination for Computer Assisted Taxonomy). Subjects underwent a baseline assessment and a follow-up assessment after 2 and 5 years to determine the incidence of depression. RESULTS: At baseline 597 subjects (12.5%) were identified as having diabetes. Prevalence and incidence of depression in cases of diabetes were 15.4% and 16.5% respectively. Diabetes was associated with an increased risk of prevalent (odds ratio [OR]=1.47; 95% CI: 1.16-1.83) and incident (OR=1.40; 95% CI: 1.03-1.90) depression. Controlling for potential confounders did not essentially change these findings (prevalent depression: OR 1.41, 95% CI: 1.08-1.83; incident depression: OR 1.26, 95% CI: 0.90-1.77). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: In a large, representative prospective population-based sample using strict psychiatric criteria, we confirmed previous findings that diabetes is associated with an increased risk of depression. The effect on the incidence of depression suggests that diabetes may play a role in the development of depression in the elderly. The presence of comorbid medical diseases seems to decrease the effects of diabetes on the risk of prevalent depression, but to increase the risk of incident depression.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Prospective comparison of nasal versus oral insertion of a thin video endoscope in healthy volunteers.

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Attempts have been made to improve patient's tolerance of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and to decrease the need for sedation, using thinner endoscopes and a nasal introduction route. We prospectively compared the oral and nasal routes in volunteers, using a thin prototype video endoscope. METHODS: Ten healthy volunteers underwent two upper gastrointestinal endoscopies in a random order on two different days, with the procedure being carried out by a single experienced endoscopist. Parameters assessed were the tolerance of scope insertion and the assessment of the entire procedure (0-10 scale), the method of insertion preferred by the volunteers, the completeness of the examination (assessed by an independent endoscopist), and the time required for the procedure. RESULTS: In one patient, nasal insertion failed, and she was excluded from further analysis. The insertion of the scope was easier via the oral route, as reflected in a shorter examination time (mean 165 vs. 210 seconds, p = 0.017) and patients' tolerance for the scope insertion (mean score: 8 for oral vs. 4 for nasal route; p = 0.03). On the other hand, gagging occurred more frequently during oral endoscopy (6/9 vs 1/9, p = 0.05). Three of the volunteers in each case preferred the oral or the nasal route, and three were not decided, in case of a repeated endoscopy. Similarly, the overall tolerance for the procedure did not between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Thin-diameter gastroscopes seem to improve patient's tolerance. In this small study in volunteers, nasal introduction showed no overall benefit over oral introduction. Modifications of the scope to achieve better nasal passage are necessary.

Adult↗