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Biomedical subjects

J Faff

Publications and source records attributed to J Faff.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Effect of ubiquinone on exercise-induced lipid peroxidation in rat tissues.

Changes in the amount of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), an index of the lipid peroxidation, were estimated in liver, heart, and the red and white components of gastrocnemius muscle of control (C) and ubiquinone-treated rats (T, 10 mg.kg-1 daily, for 4 weeks) at rest, and 3 and 24 h after running until the rats were exhausted. The activity of creatine kinase in serum and the level of the non-protein sulphhydryl groups (NP-SH) in the above organs were also determined. The running time until exhaustion was longer in T than in C [83.0 (SD 13.8) vs 72.2 (SD 14.8) min, P < 0.05]. The exercise resulted in a significant increase (P < 0.01) in the TBARS amounts in all the tissues obtained from C and in the liver and heart of T. The postexercise amounts of TBARS were significantly higher (P < 0.01) in C than in T. The resting amounts of NP-SH in the heart and liver were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in C compared to T. The exercise led to a decrease in the NP-SH content in the heart and liver (P < 0.05) of C but did not seem to affect the NP-SH contents in these tissues in T. No effect of ubiquinone treatment on postexercise increase in the serum creatine kinase concentration was found. It was concluded that in rats ubiquinone treatment markedly suppresses exercise-induced lipid peroxidation in such organs as liver, heart and gastrocnemius muscle.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Changes in concentrations of tissue free radical marker and serum creatine kinase during the post-exercise period in rats.

Changes in the concentrations of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), an index of lipid peroxidation in liver, heart and soleus muscle, were studied in trained (T) and untrained (U) rats throughout a period of 48-72 h following running until exhaustion. Creatine kinase (CK) concentration in serum was also determined. The running time till exhaustion in group T was significantly longer than in group U [174.5 (SEM 9.8) vs 92.7 (SEM 8.3) min, P < 0.01]. In group U TBARS concentration in investigated tissues increased significantly (P < 0.01) after exercise with the peak values observed 3 h after running. The postexercise increase in the TBARS concentration persisted longer in the soleus muscle (48 h) than in the liver or heart (3 h). A postexercise increase of TBARS was observed in group T only in the liver. The influence of training on the TBARS content depended on the kind of tissue. The TBARS concentrations in the liver at rest and immediately after the exercise were lower in group U than in group T. In contrast, TBARS concentrations in the heart and soleus muscle were higher in group U than in group T. The exercise resulted, in both groups, in a rise of serum CK concentration, peak values being observed 3 h following the exercise. Postexercise concentrations of CK were considerably lower in group T than in group U [3 h postexercise: 1740 (SEM 170) vs 2750 (SEM 231) U.l-1 P < 0.01]. A positive correlation (r = 0.66, P < 0.05) between TBARS content in muscle and serum CK concentration was found only in group U. The results obtained indicated that the generation of lipid peroxidation products in the soleus muscle was intensified for a relatively long time after the exercise. Endurance training decreased the susceptibility of tissues to the action of free radicals. However, this influence of training was more pronounced in the heart and soleus muscle than in the liver.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Changes in some haematological and metabolic indices in young horses during the first year of jump-training.

Effects of an 18 min exercise test, on three separate occasions during a one year jump-training programme, was studied in seven horses. Determinations were carried out on venous blood for packed cell volume, haemoglobin, total protein, lactate and pyruvate, glucose, free fatty acids, insulin, glucagon, blood gases, bicarbonate, pH, aldolase, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine amino-transferase. Exercise caused a slight increase in lactate and pyruvate, total protein, aldolase, alanine aminotransferase, pO2, bicarbonate and pH. Glucose, free fatty acids and pCO2 levels decreased. Training caused no significant difference in these changes. However, during the year, increases in lactate and decreases in pH (resting levels) were observed.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1989

Physiological responses to working with fire fighting equipment in the heat in relation to subjective fatigue.

Heart rate (HR), rectal temperature (Tre), blood pressure, temperature and relative humidity changes inside clothing were measured on 18 professional firemen (mean age 29.4 +/- 7.4 yr, VO2 max 41.4 + 8.8 ml kg-1 min-1) wearing fire fighter's uniforms (SU) or aluminized, fire resistant, impermeable clothing with self contained breathing apparatus (FE). The subjects exercised on a cycle ergometer with a work load of 1.5 W kg-1, at 39 +/- 1 degree C and at 70 +/- 5% relative humidity. They stopped exercising at a point of subjective fatigue and overheating which--according to their judgement--would cause them to stop working during real fire fighting. The working time until fatigue for subjects wearing FE was considerably lower than the corresponding value for SU. The HR and Tre values rose progressively throughout the exercise with no tendency to reach a plateau. In some cases the HR reached near maximal level. The Tre continued to rise even during 10 min of recovery and in many subjects exceeded 39 degrees C. These data showed that despite spontaneous termination of exercise, the limit of tolerance was reached by most of the subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Toxicity of volatile thermal degradation products of conveyer belts studied in guinea pigs].

The toxicity to guinea pigs of the thermal degradation products of conveyor belts, preliminarily filtered through mining gas-mask container, has been tested. The smoke from rubber belts was more toxic than that from polyvinyl chloride. Addition of coal during burning decreased the toxicity of smoke. The test products caused an increase in serum aspartate and alanine aminotransferase, and pulmonary emphysema and edema. In the animals that survived the early period post intoxication, bronchopneumonia as well as pneumonia of parenchymatous type and small degeneration lesions in the liver and kidney have been found.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1986

[Further studies of the toxicity of volatile thermal degradation products of conveyor belts].

Toxic effects of the thermal degradation products of polivinyl chloride and rubber conveyor belts, preliminarily filtered through modified mining gas-mask container were studied in guinea pigs. The smoke concentration was approximate to the one found in mines near the fire during minimal ventilation (0.15 m/sec.) Within 60 min. exposure the test products showed slight irritative effects and caused a moderate lung injury and small degenerative lesions in the liver and kidney. All these changes were rather reversible and did not involve any risk to the animals' lives. The modified container reduced the toxicity of the test substances much more than did the hitherto used mining gas-mask container.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1985

[Toxic effect of volatile products of thermooxidizing decomposition of conveyor belts].

Toxic effects of thermo-oxidizing decomposition products of conveying belts made of PVC and rubber have been tested. The resultant smokes were passed through a protective absorber. During 14-days' post-exposure observation, an increased activity of asparagine, aminotransferase and in some animal alanine aminotransferase was found. Moderately increased pathomorphological changes were found in lungs (emphysema, oedema interstitial and bronchogenic inflammations), along with slight degenerative changes in the liver and kidneys. In the peripheral blood, increased amounts of erythrocytes and leukocytes were found.

Air Pollutants, Occupational↗
PubMed1981

Adaptation of the neuromuscular junction to chronic acetylcholinesterase inhibition due to phospholine treatment.

The disturbances of neuromuscular transmission due to chronic (1 to 30 days) administration of phospholine to rats were investigated upon the isolated diaphragm preparation. Phospholine treatment impaired the ability of the muscle to maintain tetanic contraction in response to indirect stimulation and caused post-tetanic depression of twitch responses. In the later stage marked recovery of neuromuscular function occurred in spite of further phospholine administration. This recovery was not accompanied by any increase in the already lowered acetylcholinesterase activity. The concentration of d-tubocurarine needed to block twitch response increased during the first days of phospholine treatment and then, during the following period gradually returned to the normal level. The concentration of carbachol needed to block twitch response during 2 to 30 days of continued treatment was higher than that in control animals. The possible explanations for the spontaneous recovery of neuromuscular function are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Central therapeutic effects of dihydroderivative of pralidoxime (pro-2-PAM) in organophosphate intoxication.

Central actions of pro-2-PAM (dihydroderivative of 2-PAM) and 2-PAM in poisonings with DFP have been studied. It was shown that pro-2-PAM significantly increased activity of DFP inhibited acetylcholinesterase in the brain, quickly ceased the DFP-induced paralysis of respiration, partially normalized the DFP-induced abnormalities in electrocorticogram and increased the convulsive dosis of DFP. Effects of 2-PAM in these experiments were negligible.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Central anticholinergic effects of N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidylmethyl-cyclopentylphenyl glycollate.

The following effects of N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidyl-methyl-cyclopentylphenyl glycollate (PMCG) have been studied: effects on aggressive behaviour in mice and on general behaviour in rats, protective effects against central action of arecoline and nicotine in mice, thermo-regulatory effects in mice, protective action in poisonings with fluostigmine in mice and rats, and effects on bioelectrical activity of the brain in cats. It was stated that PMCG possesses a strong central anticholinergic activity blocking predominantly central muscarinic receptors; PMCG had also strong protective effects in anticholinesterase intoxications. It is suggested that this drug could have antiemotional and antiparkinsonian properties.

Aggression↗
PubMed1976

Therapeutic effects of some cholinolytics in organophosphate intoxications.

The therapeutic effects of pipethanate (sycotrol) and two newly synthetized cholinolytics, DPX-8 and ANC-51, were compared with atropine in mice poisoned by DDVP, fluostigmine, phospholine, and paraoxon. The antagonistic activotagonistic activity of tested drugs against acetylcholine-induced contraction of rat ileum and oxotremorine-induced salivation and tremor in the mouse was also studied. The anticholinergic activity of pipethanate, DPX-8, and ANC-51 was weaker than that of atropine. However,the therapeutic effect of pipethanate was higher than that of atropine in mice poisoned by the organophosphates. DPX-8 and ANC-51 afforded a better antidotal effect than atropine only in DDVP-poisoned mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Efficacy of repeated pharmacotherapy in experimental acute poisonings with fluostigmine.

The effectiveness of repeated pharamacotherapy in acute poisonings with fluostigmine was studied in rats. It was demonstrated, that the second i.p. administration of obidoxime (40 mg/kg) was without effect. Repeated i.p. administration of atropine (10 mg/kg) shown marked efficacy only in animals treated previously with atropine (10 mg/kg) and diazepam (2.5 mg/kg). This procedure was without effect in animals treated just after intoxication with atropine (10 mg/kg) or atropine (10 mg/kg) and obidoxime (40 mg/kg). Subsequent administration of diazepam (2.5 mg/kg) or caramiphen (10 mg/kg) was without effect.

Animals↗