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Biomedical subjects

J Fava

Publications and source records attributed to J Fava.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Esophageal schistosomiasis in a patient with megaesophagus.

The authors report a case of schistosomiasis of uncommon location. A patient submitted to esophagectomy for Chagas' megaesophagus was found to have eggs of Schistosoma mansoni upon pathologic examination of the surgical specimen. The authors discuss the anatomopathological aspects of schistosomiasis, as well as its occurrence in other rare sites. To date, no references in literature have been found on the existence of esophageal schistosomiasis, and its association to Chagas' megaesophagus has never been described.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Effect of the social environment on alcohol involvement and subjective well-being prior to alcoholism treatment.

This article describes a conceptual model developed to explain abusive use of alcohol and reports results of an initial test of that conceptualization. General social support is hypothesized to affect the level of subjective well-being, while alcohol-relevant social support affects the degree of alcohol involvement. A cross-sectional test of two models derived from this formulation was made using data from 148 alcoholic clients entering treatment at a private non-profit psychiatric facility. Results indicate that a model in which no direct relationship between alcohol involvement and subjective well-being is specified provides a more parsimonious explanation of interrelationships at the time of treatment entry. Alcohol involvement is explained by alcohol-relevant affiliative and instrumental support (albeit weakly), and subjective well-being is explained by general affiliative and instrumental social support. There is virtually no interrelationship between alcohol involvement and subjective well-being once the support variables are taken into account. The findings indicate that treatment should more often incorporate others from a client's social network, using significant others first to provide general social support and later alcohol-relevant support as well. Further analyses involving samples with more heterogeneity in levels of social investment and exploring the utility of these variables for treatment matching categorization decisions are warranted.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1992

Assessment of alcohol-related workplace activities: development and testing of "Your Workplace".

Alcohol-related workplace activities are assessed using a short, easy to administer, self-report instrument. Three scales--Adverse Effects of Drinking on Work Performance, Support for Consumption and Support for Abstinence--are derived from it. They have internal reliability, are independent of one another and have face validity as well as discriminant and convergent validities. Some evidence of predictive (criterion-related) validity is presented. Researchers seeking to assess the interrelationship between alcohol-related work factors and drinking behavior can apply this instrument to the task.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Incidence of symptomatic megacolon in patients with chagasic megaesophagus].

The authors analyze the incidence of megacolon associated to megaesophagus during a 7 year period. Of the 192 patients with megaesophagus only 15 who presented associated intestinal symptoms were further investigated through barium enema. No statistically significant differences were found between the group with megaesophagus and the group presenting association of megaesophagus and megacolon as to sex and age of the individuals and severity of megaesophagus. The esophageal symptoms preceded the intestinal symptoms in 93.3% of the cases. Many treatments were used, but recently good results were obtained by the association of Heller's cardiomyotomy with modified Lortat-Jacob's technique and left hemicolectomy.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Severe acute pancreatitis, laparotomies, and planned reoperation].

Of 111 cases of acute pancreatitis studied, 13 (11.7%) patients had severe pancreatitis with infection and were submitted to planned reoperation or to open peritoneal drainage. Twelve patients were male, ages ranging from 20 to 56. The etiology was biliary in 4 patients, traumatic in 1 patient, and alcoholic in 8 patients. Early treatment included clinical support at the intensive care unit and surgical intervention was performed after the first week based on clinical signs and on ultrasound and CT scan findings. A total of 42 surgeries was performed (mean of 3.23 operations per patient). Mortality rate was 46% due to systemic complications and to multiple organ failure.

Acute Disease↗