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J Filler

Publications and source records attributed to J Filler.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1986

Natural killer cells in the blood and bone marrow of the rhesus monkey.

Natural killer (NK) cells in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) and bone marrow (BM) cells of the rhesus monkey were detected by their functional activity against K562 cells. Animals could be grouped into "high" or "low" NK responders, a trait found to be consistent over a period of 2 years. NK active cells in PBL were in the nonadherent population, with the majority bearing Fc receptors and a further subdivision of these into CR+ (complement receptor) and CR- NK cells. Of 10 monoclonal antibodies directed against different epitopes of human lymphocytes, OKT11, OKT10, and Leu 11 showed reactivity with rhesus NK cells. Only OKT10 was reactive with the effector site of the cell, as shown by its capability to block NK function. Of the Leu 11 monoclonal antibodies (a, b, c), Leu 11c was nonreactive while Leu 11a and Leu 11b were shown by immunofluorescence to bind to 7 to 21% of PBL; Leu 11b was also cytotoxic to the NK cells. Leu 11b did not prevent binding of Leu 11a to PBL, suggesting reactivity of these antibodies with different epitopes. Percoll fractionation of PBL and BM revealed a greater enrichment of NK activity with BM; also, with PBL peak NK activity occurred in fractions 4 and 5 while this occurred in fraction 5 with BM. Although Percoll PBL fractions contained a higher percentage of Leu 11b cells, the NK activity of the BM fractions was proportionately greater. The majority of PBL cells with NK activity were FcR+ while significant activity could be attributed to FcR- cells of BM, in both the unseparated and Percoll fractions of each tissue. The data suggest NK active cells of BM may be distinct from those found in PBL.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Treatment of overt CNS leukemia.

At this time, methotrexate and CNS radiotherapy used together offer the best chance for prolonged remissions in children who develop overt CNS leukemia. Toxicity is a major problem. Unless a lower dose of radiation is used, the contribution of radiotherapy to neurotoxicity cannot be reduced. However, the toxicity of intrathecal methotrexate can be reduced by using Elliot's B as a diluent, combining methotrexate with hydrocortisone, and using a standard dose after the age of 3 years rather than a dose based on body surface area. Fortunately, the incidence of CNS leukemia has decreased over the years due to prophylactic CNS therapy. However, when a CNS relapse does occur, it carries a grave prognosis and is therefore still a significant problem necessitating continued research.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cell surface markers in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

During the last nine years, two important methodologies have been used to characterize the cell surfaces of normal lymphocytes and malignant lymphoblasts. Normal mature T-cells have a receptor for sheep erythrocyte (E+) while mature B-cells bear membrane-bound immunoglobulin molecules (sIg+). These two findings can be used to divide acute lymphoblastic leukemia of childhood into three major groups; B-cell leukemia (sIg+ E-), which is rare (approximately 2 percent) and has the poorest prognosis, T-cell leukemia (sIg-, E+) which is more common (10 percent) but also has a poor prognosis and null cell leukemia (sIg-, E-) which is the most common (85 percent) and has the best prognosis. By the use of additional immunological methods, subgroups within T-cell leukemia and null cell leukemia have also been proposed. One of the most valuable of these additional methods is the detection of surface antigens. Three of the more commonly detected antigens currently being evaluated are (1) common leukemia antigen (cALL), (2) a normal B Lymphocyte antigen the Ia antigen (Ia) which is not generally expressed on most T lymphocytes and (3) a normal T lymphocyte antigen (T) not expressed on B lymphocytes. Within null cell leukemia, the most commonly identified and probably the largest subgroup if Ia+, cALL+, T-, E-, sIg-. In another but smaller subgroup within null cell leukemia, the lymphoblasts contain cytoplasmic immunoglobulin but do not express surface immunoglobulins or E receptors. This subgroup is designated pre B-cell leukemia. Subgroups with T-cell leukemia have also been suggested. These include T+ E-, T+ E+, in which the rosettes are thermolabile and T+ E+, in which the rosettes are thermostable. Whether or not there are any prognostic differences in these three subgroups remains to be determined.

Acute Disease↗