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Biomedical subjects

J Fogel

Publications and source records attributed to J Fogel.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Minor depression as a predictor of the first onset of major depressive disorder over a 15-year follow-up.

OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship of minor depression to first onset of major depressive disorder (MDD) among 1634 individuals over a 15-year follow-up using the Baltimore Epidemiologic Catchment Area cohort. METHOD: Logistic regression analyses were conducted with minor depression alone and also adjusting for anxiety, sociodemographic, and medical variables, with MDD as the outcome variable. Also, among those with minor depression, depressive symptom categories were studied with both logistic regression and population attributable risk (PAR) to determine if they predicted MDD. RESULTS: Individuals with a history of minor depression had an odds ratio of more than 5 of having a first lifetime episode of MDD (adjusted OR: 5.37, 95% CI: 2.87, 10.06). Suicidal ideation, appetite/weight issues, and sleep difficulty had the highest PARs. CONCLUSION: Minor depression strongly predicts MDD. Clinical and public health interventions for individuals with minor depression can potentially impact the pathway leading to MDD.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Outcomes following physical restraint reduction programs in two acute care hospitals.

BACKGROUND: Physical restraint rates can be reduced safely in long term care settings, but the strategies used to prevent wandering, falls, and patient aggression have not been tested for their effectiveness in preventing therapy disruption. A restraint reduction program (RRP) consisting of four core components (administrative, educational, consultative, and feedback) was implemented in 1998-1999 in 14 units at two acute care hospitals in geographically distant cities. METHODS: The RRP was targeted at units with prevalence rates of > or = 4% for non-intensive care units (non-ICUs) and > or = 25% for ICUs, as well as two additional units. The RRP was implemented by an interdisciplinary team consisting of geriatricians and nurse specialists. RESULTS: Of the 16,605 admissions to the RRP units, 2,772 cases received RRP consultations. Only six units (four of seven general units and two of six ICUs) demonstrated a relative reduction of > or = 20% in the physical restraint use rate. No increase in secondary outcomes of patient falls and therapy disruptions (patient-initiated discontinuation or dislodgment of therapeutic devices) occurred, injury rates were low, and no deaths occurred as a direct result of either a fall or therapy disruption event. DISCUSSION: Given the minimal success in the ICU settings, further studies are needed to determine effective nonrestraint strategies for critical care patients. ICU clinicians need to be persuaded of the favorable risk-to-benefit ratio of alternatives to physical restraint before they will change their practice patterns. SUMMARY: Efforts to identify more effective interventions that match patient needs and to identify non-clinician factors that affect physical restraint use are needed.

Academic Medical Centers↗
PubMed1984

Simultaneous high-performance liquid chromatography assay of acetylsalicylic acid and salicylic acid in film-coated aspirin tablets.

A reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method has been developed for the simultaneous assay of acetylsalicylic acid (I) and salicylic acid (II) in film-coated aspirin tablets. As little as 0.1% II (relative to I) can be quantitatively determined. Using a 5-microns octadecylsilane column with water-acetonitrile-phosphoric acid (76:24:0.5) as the mobile phase enabled the chromatographic separation to be completed in 4 min. Due to the slow rate of decomposition of I to II in the extraction solvent, acetonitrile-methanol-phosphoric acid (92:8:0.5), the analysis of many samples was routinely performed by means of automated HPLC equipment. Other compounds (non-aspirin salicylates, caffeine and acetaminophen) were also separated by the chromatographic system.

Aspirin↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Validation of liquid chromatographic method for assay of chlorthalidone in tablet formulations.

A stability-indicating, reverse phase liquid chromatographic (LC) method was developed for assay of chlorthalidone in tablet formulations. The chromatographic system separates the parent compound from its potential hydrolysis product (4'-chloro-3'-sulfamoyl-2-benzophenone carboxylic acid), which can be quantitated at low levels, and another degradation product (2-chloro-5-(1-methoxy-3-oxo-1-isoindolinyl)benzenesulfonamide), which was found during the experimental work. The procedure can also be used for content uniformity determinations. The general utility of the method was demonstrated by the assay of several product brands. The validated procedure was shown to be accurate, precise, reproducible, and specific.

Chlorthalidone↗