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Biomedical subjects

J Freiman

Publications and source records attributed to J Freiman.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

The utilization of colon transit scintigraphy in the diagnostic algorithm for patients with chronic constipation.

We performed a retrospective utilization study covering a four-year period to determine how physicians familiar with colon transit scintigraphy (CTS) use it to manage patients with chronic constipation. Following CTS, there was a change is both frequency and likelihood of diagnosis. The diagnosis was changed in 51% of patients-37% of those considered to have slow transit constipation (STC) before CTS, 43% with obstructed defecation, and 64% with functional bowel disease (FBD). CTS increased the diagnostic likelihood in all groups. Of patients with the diagnosis of STC, 16% were considered "almost certain" before CTS while 83% were considered "almost certain" after CTS. For FBD comparable percentages were 13% and 62%. CTS may play a major role in the diagnostic work-up of patients with chronic constipation, both altering diagnosis and increasing diagnostic certainty.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Hemolytic anemia after fludarabine therapy for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

PURPOSE: A report of the clinical features, treatment, and outcome of patients who developed hemolytic anemia (HA) temporally associated with fludarabine (Fludara; Berlex Laboratories, Richmond, CA) therapy for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Data on 24 patients who developed HA related to fludarabine therapy were collected from the Spontaneous Reporting System of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the Walter Reed Army Medical Center (Washington, DC). RESULTS: Seventeen (71%) patients developed HA after either the first, second, or third cycle of this drug. The longest duration of fludarabine therapy before HA occurred was six cycles. The median decline in hematocrit from baseline during the hemolytic episode was 14.1 (range, 8.0 to 28.9) for the 18 patients for whom this information was available. For the 11 patients for whom transfusion requirements were known, the number of transfusions administered ranged between three and 36. Seven (29%) patients died of medical complications associated with the HA. Seven of eight patients who were re-challenged with fludarabine after an episode of HA developed recurrent HA, and three of these patients died. CONCLUSION: HA associated with fludarabine therapy appears to be uncommon, but it can be severe and fatal, especially if a patient is re-treated with this drug after a previous episode of HA. The mechanism of this toxicity is unknown, but it may be caused by the release of a suppressed auto-antibody to a native red cell antigen.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Effects of Phyllanthus plant extracts on duck hepatitis B virus in vitro and in vivo.

The effects of extracts of five Australian Phyllanthus species (P. hirtellus, P. gunnii, P. gasstroemii, P. similis and P. tenellus), other plant extracts and the antiviral drug foscarnet on duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV) endogenous DNA polymerase (DNAp) activity were compared. All 5 Phyllanthus species caused 50% inhibition at concentrations of dry weight between 350-800 micrograms/ml, which is comparable with the effect described for P. amarus on the DNAp of human and woodchuck hepatitis B viruses. Incubation of P. hirtellus with 100 ID50 DHBV neutralized infection. However, neither P. gasstroemi extract, given by intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) at a dose of 20 mg/kg 3 times per week to ducklings early in the incubation period, or P. hirtellus extract, given to established DHBV carrier ducklings, prevented or eliminated infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Effect of BMY-28100, a new cephalosporin, on Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage.

In order to examine the in vivo activity of BMY-28100, serial quantitative nasal cultures were taken from 52 nasal carriers of Staphylococcus aureus following administration of the antimicrobial. Nasal carriage rates and mean log titers decreased significantly during (days 2-4 and 5-8) and following (days 1-2 and 6-7) treatment. No change in antibiotic sensitivities was noted in follow-up isolates, and the MIC90 remained at 2mcg/ml. BMY-28100 demonstrated good in vivo activity against Staphylococcus aureus.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Significance of serum and hepatic markers of hepatitis B viral infection in HBsAg-positive and HBsAg-negative chronic active hepatitis.

The correlation between serum and hepatic markers of hepatitis B virus (HBV) has been studied in 70 subjects with chronic active hepatitis of whom 18 were HBsAg+ and 52 were HBsAg-. In HBsAg+ subjects, sera were tested for HBeAg/anti-HBe status and for HBV DNA sequences using a DNA dot hybridization technique. Anti-HBs and anti-HBc were measured in serum in the HBsAg- group. Immunoperoxidase staining was used to detect HBsAg, HBcAg and delta antigen in liver tissue. Of the 18 HBsAg+ patients, 13 were HBeAg+ and 5 were anti-HBe+. A good correlation was shown between HBeAg and HBV DNA in serum and HBcAg expression in liver tissue. Neither HBV DNA in serum nor HBcAg in liver tissue was detected in any of the anti-HBe+ patients. HBsAg and/or HBcAg were detected in liver tissue in 17 of 18 HBsAg+ subjects (95%). However, neither HBsAg nor HBcAg were detected in liver tissue in 52 HBsAg- patients. This group included 11 patients with antibody markers in serum of past HBV infection. Thus, in contrast to previous studies, a good correlation was demonstrated between the serum and hepatic markers of viral replication, and no evidence was obtained to implicate the HBV as an etiological agent in HBsAg- chronic active hepatitis.

Adult↗