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Biomedical subjects

J Freise

Publications and source records attributed to J Freise.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Effect of liposome-entrapped methotrexate on Ehrlich ascites tumor cells and uptake in primary liver cell tumor.

A therapeutically useful concentration (0,5 mg/ml) of Methotrexate was prepared in negatively charged artificial liposomes (lecithine: cholesterol: dicetylphosphate=5:5:1 molar ratios). Entrapment yield after separation on Sepharose 6B is nearly 100%. In contrast to free Methotrexate the liposome entrapped folic acid antagonist is eliminated only slowly by the kidneys and after intravenous application it is unevenly distributed in the body of mice, the highest concentrations being found in liver and spleen. Daily injections (7.5 mg/kg/day) of entrapped Methotrexate for 5 days into the tail vein of Ehrlich ascites tumor bearing mice reduced both tumor cell count and the production of ascites fluid about fourfold as compared to mice receiving the same dose of Methotrexate in the free form. Six hours after intravenous application of liposome entrapped Methotrexate the tissue concentration in normal liver is ca. 20-fold higher than when the same amount is applied in the free state. On the other hand, only a little uptake of liposome entrapped Methotrexate was detected in the tissue of nitrosamine-induced primary liver tumor when compared to normal liver tissue of rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Follow-up study of chronic gastric erosions.

Chronic gastric erosions were detected with a frequency of 4.4% in 8,468 patients over the six year period from 1971 to 1977. The lesions were usually multiple, chain-like or clustered, along the greater curvature. The age group most often afflicted was the 50-60 year olds, and male predominance were three to one. In one-third of the cases, chronic erosions were found in combination with gastric or duodenal ulceration. Longterm observation of 64 patients over a period of four and a half years revealed no change in the condition in 50%, increase, decrease or complete disappearance of the lesions were found in the remaining 50%. In 10% chain-like multiple erosions developed into a persisting fold in the gastric mucosa. No evidence suggesting that erosive lesions lead to chronic ulceration or development of either polyps or malignancy within 4 1/2 years was recorded, nor was there any association with gastric protein loss.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Diagnostic criteria for pancreatic sonography during the course of uncomplicated acute pancreatitis (author's transl)].

The course of uncomplicated pancreatitis was followed by sonography in 45 patients. The changes during the disease and their temporal relationship to the clinical stage are illustrated by an example. During the initial phase of the disease the sonographic findings may be so slight that they are easily missed, although clinical symptoms are present. It is only during the main phase of the disease that the typical sonographic findings of acute pancreatitis develop. At this time, maximal increase in amylase activity has usually passed. During recovery, with uninterrupted clinical and biochemical improvement, changes in the sonogram can still be seen for between three weeks and four months.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

[The specificity of peptide-PABA-test (author's transl)].

Exocrine pancreatic function was determined by oral administration of N-benzoyl-L-tyrosyl-p-aminobenzoic acid (peptic-PABA-test) in 120 controls, 74 patients with chronic pancreatitis, 35 patients with acute pancreatitis 2--6 weeks after recovery, 201 patients with a variety of gastro-intestinal diseases and in 10 patients with anorexia nervosa. In the control group, 70% +/- 18% of the oral administered dose of PABA was found within 6 hours in the urine. In contrast the group of chronic pancreatic patients excreted only 40% +/- 13% over the same period. "False negative" PABA excretion was found in 11 (9%) of the 120 persons with no pancreas disease. "False positive" PABA excretion was found in 13 (17,5%) of the 74 patients with chronic pancreatitis. The test was not influenced by age or sex. After stomach resection or cholecystectomy and in patients with ulcus duodeni, chronic hepatitis, functional diarrhea, Crohn's disease, colitis ulcerosa and acute pancreatitis 2--6 weeks after recovery the peptide-PABA-test was not distored. Diminished PABA excretion was encountered in some patients with toxic liver disease, inflammatory disease of the small intensine like M. Whipple, celiac disease and unspecific enteritis and in a few patients with cholelithiasis. Low PABA excretion was found in early all patients with partial small intestinal resection, terminal liver cirrhosis or liver metastasis with ascites and in all patients with anorexia nervosa.

4-Aminobenzoic Acid↗
PubMed1978

[False diagnosis of phlebothrombosis (author's transl)].

Clinical signs of deep vein thrombosis of the calf in diseases of the knee joint may lead to a false diagnosis. Two examples illustrate how bursae or herniated cysts at the back of the knee may resemble acute phlobothrombosis when they increase in size or rupture. Sonographic investigations are the method of choice for diagnosis and differentiation of cysts as well as for the follow-up.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Chronic hepatitis as sequela of acute viral hepatitis A and hepatitis non A - non B (author's transl)].

329 patients with acute ouvert viral hepatitis which occurred in the Hannover area 1975 were classified according to virological data. The proportions of type A and type non A - non B hepatitis were each approximately 20 percent of the total cases (n = 60). Viral hepatitis B was the most frequent type of viral hepatitis (n = 209). 174 individuals of the 329 hepatitis patients were reexamined serologically two years after the onset of the acute disease. 7 out of 105 patients with hepatitis B (6,7%) and 5 out of 40 patients with hepatitis non A - non B (12,5%) revealed a serological pattern compatible with chronic hepatitis. In contrast none of 29 patients with hepatitis A indicated chronic liver disease. The frequency of anti-HAV was also determined in 41 patients with HBsAg positive and HBsAg negative histologically proven chronic hepatitis or liver cirrhosis. All patients were under 35 years of age. An equal proportion of anti-HAV was found in both groups. These results suggest that hepatitis A practically never results in chronic hepatitis, while hepatitis non A - non B can run a chronic course with a frequency similar to that of hepatitis B.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[The carrier potential of liposomes for methotrexate. Changing of the tissue levels of methotrexate in the organs of mice (author's transl)].

Drugs entrapped in liposomes (artificial lipid vesicles) exhibit different pharmacokinetics after intravenous application than drugs injected in a free form. The folidacidantagonist methotrexate can be entrapped in liposomes in a therapeutically useful concentration (0.5 mg MTX/ml) and can be stored with high stability of entrappment. After intravenous injection into the tail vein of mice liposomes entrapped methotrexate is found more enriched in cell systems with high rate of endocytosis and not eliminated by the kidneys within 3 h like free methotrexate. It can be shown, that for the organs liver, spleen, kidney, gut, lung, and blood over a 6 h period liposomes entrapped methotrexate is enriched in the tissues and that for example after 6 h the methotrexate level in the liver is 20 fold higher in comparison to free injected methotrexate.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Dilatation of benign esophageal strictures by peroral fiberendoscopic bougienage.

A low risk procedure for dilation of esophageal strictures is peroral bougienage under direct endoscopic vision with a flexible fiberscope. First the stricture is inspected using the foreward lens of the fiberscope, and then dilated with conventional bougies according to its nature and size under direct visual control. In this paper we report on the treatment of 16 patients with inoperable advanced benign stenosis. In a total of 86 sittings an average of three bougienages each were performed without complication.

Dilatation↗
PubMed1977

[Enzyme diagnosis in lipaemic sera before and after polyanion precipitation with heparin and magnesium chloride (author's transl)].

The method for the determination of enzymic activity in turbid, lipaemic sera, which involves clearing by polyanion precipitation with heparin and magnesium chloride, was critically reviewed. In the diagnosis of diseases of the liver and pancreas, which are frequently associated with hyperlipoproteinaemia, only residual enzyme activities are measured in the cleared serum after polyanion treatment. In the measurement of glutamate dehydrogenase and in the Phadebas test for alpha-amylase, the enzymes are inactivated by treatment with heparin and magnesium chloride. On the other hand, as a result of polyanion precipitation gamma-glutamyl transferase is transferred, together with lipoproteins and chylomicrons, to the lipid-rich supernatant. Acid phosphatase also exhibits only residual activity in cleared serum. The activity of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, leucine arylamidase, cholinesterase, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, and alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase, and the activity of alpha-amylase in the Merckotest are not affected by polyanion treatment of the serum.

Anions↗
PubMed1976

Studies on the multiple forms of gamma-glutamyltransferase.

In sera of 53 patients with highly raised gamma-glutamyltransferase (gamma-GT) (EC 2.3.2.2) activity, the gamma-GT was separated by column chromatography on Sephadex DEAE A-50 into two fractions. In 35 sera only one gamma-GT fraction was found at a conductivity of 2.0--2.5 mS and in 18 sera two gamma-GT fractions were found at a conductivity of 0.2 mS and again at 2.0--2.5 mS. There was no opvious correlation to the underlying disease. In 20 sera the additional parameters, protein, protein electrophoresis, free and esterified cholesterol, bilirubin, triglycerides, lipoprotein pattern and lipoprotein X were examined. We recognized, that the two forms of the gamma-GT are not true isoenzymes but that the separation of the gamma-GT into two fractions is caused by a different distribution of the cholesterol containing lipoprotei,s.

Bilirubin↗
PubMed1976

[Cholestatic jaundice after azathioprine treatment (author's transl)].

Severe cholestatic jaundice occurred in two patients receiving prednisolone and azathioprine, one for chronic progressive hepatitis, the other for Wegener's granulomatosis. Reversible abnormal liver function, involving both elimination and synthesis, was in the foreground clinically. Signs of parenchymal-cell damage were only moderately severe. When azathioprine had been discontinued all previously abnormal values returned to normal within six to eight weeks. Azathioprine is an indirect optional hepatotoxin. If given over long periods there should be regular controls of blood count and liver functions.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[The electrophoretic pattern of gamma-glutamyl transferase in serum and its alteration by chylomicrons (author's transl)].

Using the sera from 20 patients with elevated gamma-glutamyl transferase activity (EC 2.3.2.2) due to intra- or posthepatic cholestasis, the enzyme was separated into four bands by cellulose acetate foil electrophoresis. The gamma-glutamyl transferase pattern permitted no differentiation between intra- or posthepatic cholestasis. Protein and lipid electrophoresis was performed simultaneously for each serum. It was found that a gamma-glutamyl transferase band, which appeared at the origin in 11 sera, was only observed in lipaemic sera containing chylomicrons. This band of gamma-glutamyl transferase does not, however, represent a true isoenzyme, because it results from a complex between chylomicrons and gamma-glutamyl transferase, which is separated with the chylomicrons, or is produced by the mixing of sera.

Bile Ducts↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Radio-opaque liposomes for the improved visualisation of focal liver disease by computerized tomography.

Liposomes laden with radio-opaque agents (ROA) were prepared by the reverse phase evaporation method. The liposome solutions--containing 1.7-2.5 mg iodine per mg lipid--were injected into Wistar rats. 60 min post injection the rats were scanned in a Siemens CT scanner. Following the injection of 260 mg encapsulated iodine per kg bodyweight--less than half the iodine of the normal ROA bolus injection--there was a long lasting arise in liver enhancement of 40 Hounsfield units (HU). In animals with liver tumours induced by nitrosamine lesions of 2-3 mm in diameter could be detected.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sterilization of contrast media (Isovist) containing liposomes by ethylene oxide.

Liposomes containing Isovist were prepared by controlled detergent dialysis as well as by reverse phase evaporation. After preparation these liposomes were lyophilized and then submitted to sterilization by ethylene oxide. Prior to lyophilization, trehalose was added as a protective agent to preserve the size of the liposomes. After each step in the preparation size distribution was determined by photon correlation spectroscopy. The computer program CONTIN was adapted for the data analysis and proved to be applicable for polydisperse solutions of liposomes. Neither freeze-drying nor sterilization had negative effects on the morphological quality of the samples when using 4 g of trehalose per 1 g of lipid. In addition, the quality of the liposomes was controlled by scanning electron microscopy. At the end of seven days, no growth of microorganisms occurred in any of the samples.

Contrast Media↗