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Biomedical subjects

J Frija

Publications and source records attributed to J Frija.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Imaging of MALT lymphomas.

The broad category of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma includes a large variety of different diseases including indolent as well as aggressive lymphomas. Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma arises in the extranodal mucosal lymphoid tissue and has only been recognised as a distinct entity in recent years. It affects one or several extranodal structures such as the stomach, the lung, the eye and salivary glands. The lymphoma is generally of low grade and has indolent course. The aim of this article is to exemplify the most common radiological patterns of MALT lymphoma.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Digital thoracic radiology: devices, image processing, limits].

In a first part, the different techniques of digital thoracic radiography are described. Since computed radiography with phosphore plates are the most commercialized it is more emphasized. But the other detectors are also described, as the drum coated with selenium and the direct digital radiography with selenium detectors. The other detectors are also studied in particular indirect flat panels detectors and the system with four high resolution CCD cameras. In a second step the most important image processing are discussed: the gradation curves, the unsharp mask processing, the system MUSICA, the dynamic range compression or reduction, the soustraction with dual energy. In the last part the advantages and the drawbacks of computed thoracic radiography are emphasized. The most important are the almost constant good quality of the pictures and the possibilities of image processing.

Humans↗
PubMed2000

Image-guided core-needle biopsy in patients with suspected or recurrent lymphomas.

BACKGROUND: It is now commonly admitted that the diagnosis of recurrence of lymphoma can be assessed by image-guided needle biopsy (IGNB). However, the means of obtaining tissue for the original diagnosis of lymphoma is often surgery. The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of IGNB at the time of diagnosis and at the time of recurrence or progression. METHODS: The authors performed 212 IGNBs on 194 patients who eventually had a diagnosis of lymphoma. One hundred three IGNBs were obtained at original diagnosis and 109 at recurrence or progression. Large-cutting core-biopsy needles, ranging in size from 20 gauge to 14 gauge, were used. Immunohistochemistry studies were performed in all lymphoma cases. RESULTS: A diagnosis of lymphoma with subtyping was obtained in 88% of all cases, in 85% at initial diagnosis, and in 89% at follow-up. Therapy was initiated on the basis of IGNB in 93% of all cases, in 91% at initial diagnosis, and in 94% at follow-up. Benign complications occurred in 7.5% of cases and did not require specific treatment. IGNB was equally effective for making a specific diagnosis of lymphoma and initiating therapy at the time of original diagnosis and at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The authors recommend that IGNB be performed as the initial procedure for the diagnosis of lymphoma in the absence of peripheral lymph nodes, either at presentation or at recurrence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Role of MRI in the diagnosis of breast diseases].

UNLABELLED: ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATIONS: Magnetic resonance imaging of the breast is probably the most sensitive method for detecting or ruling out breast disease. It is however not as specific as expected. TECHNIQUE: All examinations are performed with and without gadolinium intravenous administration, excepted in the case of silicone implant reconstruction mammoplasty. Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI sequences are necessary with a permanent balance between temporal resolution, spatial resolution, and signal. MRI of the breast is not indicated as a routine examination in a screening program, neither to improve the specificity of infra-clinic lesions, nor in simply dense breasts without any known risk factor or in circumscribed masses. INDICATIONS: MRI is best used to improved the sensitivity of mammography and sonography in selected patients. The selected indications are: evaluation of the volume and extension of breast lesions evaluation of the therapeutic response after chemotherapy, and detection or exclusion of the local recurrence in patients with breast conservation therapy. PERSPECTIVES: The future indications and perspectives of MRI include interventional breast radiology (MRI-guided core biopsy), and thermocoagulation therapy. It may be interesting for the evaluation of patients with contrast enhanced MRI lesions with normal mammography and sonography, and also in woman with a genetically defined high breast cancer risk.

Biopsy↗
PubMed2000

[Techniques to improve the accuracy of CT-guided abdominal biopsy].

STUDY AIM: The aim of this paper is to present an overview of the various technical progresses made in the field of CT-guided abdominal biopsies. Recent improvements allowed to markedly increase the efficiency of biopsies and to decrease the number of complications. The main innovations concern the guidance technique itself with the availability of ultra-fast CT systems, the development of automated biopsy systems, which allow to improve the size and quality of tissue samples and numerous technical tricks, allowing an easier access to target lesions, either in patient positioning or in displacement of anatomical structures. A better management of tissue samples favored by a close collaboration with pathologists is also mandatory. The last section of the paper is an overview of the rare complications of CT-guided biopsies.

Abdomen↗
PubMed2000

[Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus].

Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus is a rare but aggressive tumor that accounts for less than 0.1-0.2% of all esophageal malignancies. The aim of this study was to report a case of primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus in a 72-year-old woman. The diagnosis was histologically proven, but the patient died despite extensive surgical resection.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Diagnostic imaging of choroid plexus disease.

Disorders of the choroid plexus, a central nervous system structure, are rare, but can pose diagnostic difficulties. The purpose of this review is to illustrate the computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings of a wide spectrum of lesions that affect the choroid plexus. The areas covered include (1) neoplasms (papilloma, leukaemia, meningioma, lymphoma and metastases); (2) infections (bacterial, fungal and viral); (3) cysts; (4) haemorrhage; (5) congenital abnormalities (Sturge-Weber syndrome, Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome and vascular malformations); and (6) non-infectious inflammatory disorders (xanthogranulomas, inflammatory pseudotumour, neurosarcoidosis, rheumatoid nodule and villous hypertrophy). Few of the patterns of choroid plexus involvement are specific for a particular pathological process. Guermazi, A. (2000) Clinical Radiology 55, 503-516.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

The clinical and radiological features of Fanconi's anaemia.

Fanconi's anaemia is a severe refractory anaemia, associated with congenital malformations in approximately two-thirds of cases. Although these malformations may involve every organ system, suggestive dysmorphic features include growth retardation, radial ray deformities and urinary malformations. These malformations are not specific for Fanconi's anaemia, but should be recognized during pregnancy, or later in childhood, and suggest the possibility of inherited haematopoiesis disorders.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1999

Imaging findings in patients with myelofibrosis.

The purpose of this review is to illustrate the wide range of radiological abnormalities in myelofibrosis. Myelofibrosis, also called myeloid metaplasia, is a myeloproliferative disorder of unknown etiology. The common imaging findings in patients with myelofibrosis are osteosclerosis, hepatosplenomegaly, and lymphadenopathies. In addition, extramedullary hematopoiesis may develop in multiple sites such as chest, abdomen, pelvis, and central nervous system, simulating malignant disease. Selected plain-film, CT, and MR images in patients with myelofibrosis are shown as pictorial essay to allow ready recognition of the most common imaging abnormalities of the disease.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1999

Prognostic value of vertebral lesions detected by magnetic resonance imaging in patients with stage I multiple myeloma.

We assessed the role of spinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and bone densitometry as prognostic factors in patients with asymptomatic stage I multiple myeloma (MM) and negative skeletal survey. 55 consecutive patients underwent spinal MRI and 41 of them underwent bone densitometry by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Spinal MRI studies showed evidence of bone marrow involvement in 17/55 patients (31%). A diffuse pattern was present in three patients and a focal pattern in 14 patients, nine of them with only one nodular lesion. During a median follow-up of 25 months, 10 patients had disease progression, 8/17 patients with abnormal MRI and 2/38 patients with normal MRI. Median time to disease progression was not reached in both groups but was significantly different for patients with normal and those with abnormal patterns on MRI (P < 0.0001). Lumbar BMD was only slightly decreased compared with normal people (median lumbar Z score -0.43) and was not of prognostic value. Using a multivariate analysis the only two independent significant prognostic parameters were abnormal MRI (P<0.001, HR 30.4, 95% CI 4.3-213) and bone marrow plasmacytosis >20% (P=0.004, HR 16.4, 95% Cl 2.6-104). Thus, spinal MRI but not bone densitometry, appeared to be justified in patients with stage I asymptomatic MM and negative skeletal survey.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1999

[Scanner-guided biopsy technic with abdominal compression].

The aim of this study was to present a CT-guided biopsy technique using an abdominal compression device. With this system, the digestive structures (mainly the colon and the small bowel) can be displaced away from the needle track and the distance between the skin and the target lesion can be reduced by approximately one-third. The technique has been used in 29 patients and was successful in 28, allowing node biopsies in the mesenteric, retroperitoneal or pelvic areas. The compression system is easily mounted and used standard sterilizable material. The procedure is well tolerated by patients and complication rate is not raised compared with conventional biopsy techniques.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1999

[Fast imaging sequences].

Although conventional spin echo and gradient echo sequences are still in general use, the need to improve the temporal resolution of MRI and to study organ function has prompted to develop fast imaging techniques. These techniques are based on different approaches, but present common underlying principles which allow optimize k space fitting. As a result, both contrast and spatial resolution may be improved aside from the capability to reduce scan time. The selection of the most appropriate fast imaging technique will depend on the needed temporal resolution, spatial resolution and contrast. The aim of this paper is to review and explain the basic principles of fast imaging techniques, with emphasis on their advantages, limitations, and clinical applications.

Computer Systems↗