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Biomedical subjects

J Furman

Publications and source records attributed to J Furman.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Superficial temporal artery biopsy diagnostic for lung carcinoma.

PURPOSE: To report a unique finding of metastatic tumor cells in the lumen of a superficial temporal artery biopsy specimen in a patient with severe visual loss and optic neuropathy. METHODS: Case report. RESULTS: A 69-year-old man presented with anorexia, pancranial headaches, and acute unilateral visual loss. Ophthalmic examination showed a visual acuity of no light perception and an amaurotic pupil in the left eye. Fundus examination was normal. A superficial temporal artery biopsy, performed for presumed arteritic posterior ischemic optic neuropathy, demonstrated intraluminal cells with irregular nuclei and prominent nucleoli suggestive of metastatic malignancy. Further systemic evaluation uncovered a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the lung with intravascular infiltration and multiple distant metastases. CONCLUSION: Extensive systemic intravascular tumor embolization may be associated with optic neuropathy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2001

Cytoskeletal and kinetic epithelial differences between NSAID gastropathy and Helicobacter pylori gastritis: an immunohistochemical determination.

AIMS: Distinguishing histological features between non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) gastropathy and Helicobacter pylori gastritis have been accepted. However, the molecular basis explaining these dissimilar histologies has not been elucidated. In an attempt to clarify this question we investigated the differences in the structural cytoskeleton and proliferative activity of these two gastropathies. METHODS AND RESULTS: We assessed the distribution of five cytokeratins (CK) (CK7, 8, 18, 19 and 20) and Ki67 for the ability to distinguish NSAID from H. pylori gastropathies. In H. pylori gastritis, CK7, 8, 18 and 19 were expressed comparably to normal mucosa from the deep foveolae up to the tips of the glands. The detection of CK20, normally expressed in the upper foveolar region and surface, was decreased with only an epithelial surface reaction. In NSAID gastropathy, CK expression was increased in intensity, with normal distribution for CK8, 18 and 19. Modification of localization was noted for CK7 and 20, with labelling extending toward the deep foveolar region. Unlike H. pylori gastritis, no surface epithelial labelling with Ki67 was noted with NSAID gastropathy but downward elongation of the proliferative zone occurred instead. CONCLUSIONS: Contrasting cytostructural alterations and distinct proliferative patterns distinguish NSAID gastropathy from H. pylori gastritis, possibly reflecting different injury pathways.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal↗
PubMed2001

Visceral primitive peripheral neuroectodermal tumors: a clinicopathologic and molecular study.

Ewing sarcoma-primitive neuroectodermal tumor (EWS/PNET) belongs to the group of pediatric small round blue cell tumors; although EWS/PNET is classically a tumor of the soft tissue or bone in children and young adults, individual cases have been described in patients of all ages. A group of chromosomal translocations involving the EWS gene and a member of the Ets transcription factor family of genes has been detected in EWS/PNET, and heterogeneity in the precise breakpoint of the translocation has been shown to generate a group of related fusion transcripts that may have prognostic significance. Within the last decade, the clinicopathologic spectrum of EWS/PNET has been markedly expanded by recognition that the tumor may also have a visceral origin. To determine whether visceral EWS/PNET has the same pattern of genetic alterations and range of fusion transcripts as EWS/PNET of bone and soft tissue, we performed reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction-based testing of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue from a series of visceral tumors for which the diagnosis of EWS/PNET was well established. Together with additional cases compiled from the literature, EWS-Fli1 (or a related fusion transcript) was present in 18 of 19 visceral EWS/PNET, with a distribution of transcript types not statistically different from EWS/PNET of soft tissue and bone (P >.05, chi(2) test). These results firmly establish the genetic relationship between EWS/PNET of visceral sites, soft tissue, and bone.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1999

Genetic analysis of prostatic atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (adenosis).

Atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH) of the prostate, a small glandular proliferation, is a putative precursor lesion to prostate cancer, in particular to the subset of well-differentiated carcinomas that arise in the transition zone, the same region where AAH lesions most often occur. Several morphological characteristics of AAH suggest a relationship to cancer; however, no definitive evidence has been reported. In this study, we analyzed DNA from 25 microdissected AAH lesions for allelic imbalance as compared to matched normal DNA, using one marker each from chromosome arms 1q, 6q, 7q, 10q, 13q, 16q, 17p, 17q, and 18q, and 19 markers from chromosome 8p. We observed 12% allelic imbalance, with loss only within chromosome 8p11-12. These results suggest that genetic alterations in transition zone AAH lesions may be infrequent. This genotypic profile of AAH will allow for comparisons with well-differentiated carcinomas in the transition zone of the prostate.

Alleles↗
PubMed1998

Prostatectomy tissue for research: balancing patient care and discovery.

The application of modern technology in basic research often requires fresh tissue from human organs. The acquisition of this tissue challenges the anatomic pathologist to balance the needs of the basic scientist with the requirements of quality patient care. Our experience indicates that fresh tissue adequate for research can be obtained from neoplastic prostate glands without compromising patient care. The process requires dedicated, knowledgeable individuals and extensive documentation. Potential problems include low yield for research studies, loss of all residual carcinoma, compromise of the specimen margin, and unforeseen costs. Best collaborations occur in situations in which basic scientists and anatomic pathologists establish a working relationship and develop a mutually supportive means of funding.

Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal↗
PubMed1997

Urogenital involvement by desmoplastic small round-cell tumor.

PURPOSE: We strove to characterize the clinicopathologic features of a rare malignant tumor involving the urogenital system. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Of 109 reported cases of desmoplastic small round-cell tumor, 25 have involved organs ordinarily evaluated and treated by urologists. Experience based on these cases plus 2 from our files forms the basis of this review. RESULTS: The term desmoplastic small round-cell tumor has been applied to a rare, highly malignant neoplasm that occurs most often in the abdominal cavity and is described in the nonurological literature. This cancer has distinctive histological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural features. Several reports suggest a characteristic genetic abnormality. All reported patients who have tumors involving the genitourinary structures have been treated with chemotherapy, but prognosis has been poor. CONCLUSIONS: The literature on desmoplastic small round-cell tumor indicates that a significant percentage of these rare malignancies involve genitourinary organs. In most cases, tumors have been unresectable surgically and treatment has been multidrug chemotherapy. Response to treatment has been poor, with only 3 of 25 determinate cases free of disease when reported.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Enteral formulas.

This article is intended to assist the nurse in caring for the patient who requires medical nutritional formulas, either as a complete diet or as a dietary supplement, to increase the nurse's knowledge of formula components, when and why different formulas are used, and when a change in formula may be indicated. Common formulas are broadly categorized throughout the article based on the form of the protein.

Enteral Nutrition↗
PubMed1996

Primary primitive neuroectodermal tumor of the kidney. Case report and review of the literature.

Small cell tumors are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms with similar morphologic features. They include lymphomas, carcinomas with variable degrees of neuroendocrine differentiation, rhabdomyosarcomas, and neuroblastomas. The authors describe a rare case of primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) located in the kidney that was thoroughly studied with modern diagnostic techniques, including expression of protein P 30/32 MIC2 with the antibody 013 with subsequent demonstration of a genetic translocation consistent with t(11;22). The literature on small cell tumors of the kidney, with special emphasis on PNET, is reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

The nested variant of transitional cell carcinoma: an aggressive neoplasm with innocuous histology.

The nested variant of transitional cell carcinoma (TCC-NV) is a rare neoplasm; only eight cases have been described. This report reviews the clinicopathologic features of 16 additional examples. The cases were collected from consultations received during a 13-year period. In most instances, a consultation was sought because the histologic features suggested an atypical proliferation of Brunn's nests or a lesion similar to the previously published examples of TCC-NV. Clinical data were gathered and tissues were studied to exclude prostatic cancer and adenocarcinoma. TCC-NV is characterized by the presence of irregular nests and/or tubules of transitional cells infiltrating the lamina propria without surface involvement. Neoplastic cells tend to have innocuous features but at least a few cells in every case are cytologically anaplastic. There is a marked male predominance. Synchronous or metachronous TCCs of more usual histologic make-up may occur. After a follow-up averaging 16.6 months, only three patients are known to be alive with no evidence of disease. Clinicopathologic information from our 16 cases combined with the 8 previously reported examples confirms that TCC-NV is a persistent and aggressive neoplasm notable for its innocuous appearance in histologic preparations.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1990

Synthesis, in vitro binding profile, and central nervous system penetrability of the highly potent 5-HT3 receptor antagonist [3H]-4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-2-[4(5)-methyl-5(4)-imidazolylmethyl]thiazole.

4-(2-Methoxyphenyl)-2-[4(5)-methyl-5(4)-imidazolylmethyl]thiazole (5) is a highly potent member of a structurally novel series of selective serotonin-3 receptor antagonists. The synthesis of tritiated 5 and its binding profile in neuroblastoma-glioma 108-15 cells are described. Furthermore, in vivo studies in rat with this radioligand indicate that it effectively penetrates the blood-brain barrier upon peripheral administration. Thus, 5 should be a useful pharmacological tool for both in vitro and in vivo studies of this class of compounds.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Encephalopathy and vestibulopathy following short-term hydrocarbon exposure.

Dizziness, headaches, and weakness occurred among three men after short-term hydrocarbon exposure during improper welding procedures in a closed container. Symptoms were related to objective evidence of vestibular and cognitive dysfunction. Symptoms and abnormal test results persisted for 6 to 18 months. Simulation of the accident failed to demonstrate likely exposures except aliphatic hydrocarbons, well within the permissible exposure levels. Short-term exposures to neurotoxins may lead to long-term central nervous system abnormalities.

Accidents↗
PubMed1985

Eye movements in patients with absent voluntary horizontal gaze.

Despite the complete absence of horizontal saccades, two patients with pontine gliomas had horizontal reflex eye movements within a range of +/- 20 degrees. The gain (peak eye velocity/peak stimulus velocity) and phase of the vestibulo-ocular reflex were normal, but the optokinetic gain was decreased. The latency, accuracy, and peak velocity of vertical saccades were normal. Apparently the voluntary gaze centers in the pontine reticular formation are not crucial for generating horizontal vestibular or vertical saccadic eye movements.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Studies of the possibility of preservation of leukocyte concentrates].

The authors tried to explain whether granulocytes obtained by sedimentation on dextran can be stored, under what conditions, and for how long time. For this purpose leukocyte concentrated were stored at 4-6 degrees C and 20-24 degrees C for up to 48 hours, and the count and percent proportions of leucocytes, granulocyte viability, their phagocytic index, chemotactic ability and ATP content were determined. The investigations demonstrated a progressing decrease of the biological viability of granulocytes after 24 hours, and a further decrease after 48 hours. Particularly pronounced and early changes were noted in the chemotactic activity and ATP content. A beneficial effect was noted of higher storage temperature (20-24 degrees C) on the maintenance of chemotactic activity. The other parameters were not temperature-dependent. It seems that under such conditions leucocyte concentrates should be transfused preferably immediately after their preparation.

Blood Preservation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The vestibulospinal stability test: normal limits.

A computerized method of recording and analyzing Romberg test responses has been employed to objectively and quantitatively study normal and spatially disoriented subjects. Preliminary results have demonstrated that the vestibulospinal stability test may be applied as both a screening and lesion-localization procedure simultaneously. A minimum of patient time is required (two minutes recording time), the procedure is noninvasive, and the technique may be used for all age groups.

Adolescent↗