Diastematomyelia--the "double-barrelled" spine.
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
J G Edelson
Publications and source records attributed to J G Edelson.
Nerve root compression in spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis.
Thirty-four bony specimens of isthmic spondylolysis were examined and, in a significant number (32%), stenosis of the intervertebral foramen was noted. Although not emphasised in previous reports, this finding may be an important factor in the aetiology of nerve root compression when this is associated with spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis. Anatomical guidelines for adequate surgical decompression are suggested.
Humans↗
Congenital dislocation of the hip and computerised axial tomography.
CT scans of 18 hips with typical congenital dislocation have been studied in 16 children. These show that the common position of dislocation is lateral, superior and slightly anterior, and that a "false acetabulum" can be distinguished even in young children. A defect in the posterior ischium causing distortion of the acetabulum was also present in most cases. The cartilage and the acetabular contents were well shown. Positions of reduction and the anteversion of the acetabulum and the femoral neck were studied. Hypotheses are presented on the mode of dislocation and on the cause of the pathological changes.
Acetabulum↗
The pulseless club foot.
Previous reports have suggested that the blood supply derived from the anterior tibial artery is absent or markedly diminished in 85% of severe, untreated club feet. To investigate these claims, we used a Doppler technique to study the arterial pulses in 40 children with 63 club feet. In feet with mild or moderate deformities the anterior tibial pulse was always present; in feet with severe deformities it was absent in two out of 30 feet in children under three years and in seven out of 18 feet in children over three years. These results confirm that the incidence of pulselessness increases with the severity and duration of deformity, but not to the extent previously suggested by angiographic studies. The significance of these findings is discussed.
Age Factors↗
Endoscopic foreign body retrieval through a gastrostomy feeding orifice.
This report concerns the removal of a dental bridge through a feeding gastrotomy orifice under direct endoscopic visualization. A 90-year-old bedridden female with a feeding gastrostomy tube, dislodged and swallowed her dental bridge during a coughing episode. At upper endoscopy the dental bridge was snared in the stomach but removed with a pair of Kelly clamps through the feeding gastrostomy orifice. The removal technique ad a discussion of our management alternatives are presented.
Aged↗
Clavicular fractures and ipsilateral acromioclavicular arthrosis.
Nine healed fractures of the clavicle were detected in an examination of 300 scapuloclavicular bone segments. In no instance did the adjacent acromioclavicular joint display significant arthritic changes. It may be speculated that the clavicular shortening that occurred in all instances provided a "physiological arthroplasty," sparing the adjacent acromioclavicular joint from arthritic change.
Acromioclavicular Joint↗
Bony changes of the glenoid as a consequence of shoulder instability.
Among 500 skeletons of mature individuals, 27 showed signs of shoulder instability as indicated by the presence of a glenoid rim avulsion fracture, a bony Bankart lesion, with an anterior or posterior Hill-Sachs defect. Twenty-two of these glenoid lesions were anterior, and five were posterior. This is a higher prevalence than reported in clinical studies. With few exceptions the pathologic changes in the bony glenoid were well circumscribed and not found in conjunction with diffuse arthritic changes. These findings do not support prophylactic shoulder stabilization to avoid the development of arthritic changes of a generalized and major degree.
Adult↗
Meralgia paresthetica. An anatomical interpretation.
One hundred and ten lateral femoral cutaneous nerves of the thigh were dissected in 90 adult and 20 fetal cadavers. In 51 per cent of adult cases a significant enlargement or pseudoganglion was present in the area of the nerve where it passed under the guinal ligament to turn sharply downward onto the thigh. The histological examination of these pseudoganglions showed a thickened epineurium, perineurium and endoneurium. No pseudoganglions and no histological abnormalities were found in the fetal nerves. It is proposed that erect human posture, combined with the particular course of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve are the causes of tension, mechanical friction, and irritation of the nerve, and contribute to the development of the pseudoganglion and play a role in the pathogenesis of idiopathic meralgia paresthetica.
Adult↗