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Biomedical subjects

J G Nasser

Publications and source records attributed to J G Nasser.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Comparison of postoperative pain: tonsillectomy by blunt dissection or electrocautery dissection.

PURPOSE: To compare post-operative pain in children undergoing tonsillectomy by blunt dissection or electrocautery. METHOD: Thirty-six children between the ages of 5 and 15 years were recruited for the study. Tonsillectomy was done in a standardized fashion with uniform anaesthetic practices. Each child kept a pain diary for 10 days, recording pain twice daily on a Visual Analog Scale and Faces Pain Scale. Doses of analgesics were recorded. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences in the pain scores for the groups, although there was a trend toward more pain in the blunt dissection group. There were more complications in this group, and these children used significantly more doses of acetaminophen. Sources of bias are discussed. CONCLUSION: These results suggest a trend toward greater postoperative pain in children who have tonsillectomies by blunt dissection techniques.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Procedure for laryngotracheal separation in the goat: development of a new animal model for analysis of craniofacial growth.

Most animal models used to study the process of postnatal craniofacial growth require direct manipulation of the craniofacial area, a growth period, then evaluation of the area. However, the scar tissue associated with direct manipulation of the craniofacial structures can produce growth abnormalities that are unrelated to the manipulation itself. To avoid this confounding variable in the study of craniofacial growth, we developed an animal model that involves laryngotracheal separation in a young animal. Our procedure completely separates the trachea from the upper aerodigestive tract and removes the site of scar tissue formation from the region of investigation. The tracheal stomas of the goats we describe were maintained for as long as 9 months. Unlike human patients, goats with laryngotracheal separation require laryngectomy tubes to prevent life-threatening stenosis of the tracheal stoma. Here we describe the operative procedure and post-operative care required for this new animal model.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed1999

Effect of steroids on posttonsillectomy pain in adults.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether a single intraoperative dose of intravenous dexamethasone has an effect on pain after tonsillectomy. DESIGN: Double-blinded randomized controlled clinical trial. SUBJECTS: Thirty-four consecutive nonpediatric patients presenting for tonsillectomy. INTERVENTION: Patients scheduled for electrocautery tonsillectomy were randomized to receive either intravenous dexamethasone or placebo during surgery. Pain was measured twice daily for 10 days by means of a visual analog scale. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences between the groups, but the dexamethasone group had a trend to report less pain over the first several days. The dexamethasone group received less analgesic in the recovery room, but there were no differences between the groups in the 10 days afterward. CONCLUSIONS: There is evidence that a single dose of dexamethasone reduces pain after tonsillectomy to a small degree. A single dose was not associated with adverse effects, so the risk-benefit ratio may be favorable for this practice.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Effect of upper-airway passages on craniofacial growth in an animal model: a pilot study.

OBJECTIVE: The process of postnatal growth and development of the face and skull is of major interest to otolaryngologists. Surgery is often considered as an option for the treatment of benign and malignant tumours, traumatic facial deformities, and congenital abnormalities of the head and neck in children and adolescents. The extent of surgery and the type of reconstruction is frequently influenced by concerns about the potential effect on future craniofacial growth. Surgery is also sometimes recommended as a method to influence facial growth as in tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy for 'adenoid facies syndrome.' There are a number of different theories concerning the factors that influence the growth of the face and cranium. None of these is universally accepted. The predominant theory is the functional matrix theory. This study was designed to evaluate the validity of this theory in an animal model. A new animal model had to be developed to perform the study. This pilot study was then conducted. METHOD: A laryngotracheal separation procedure was performed on juvenile goats. This effectively eliminated the use of the upper airway by the animals, thereby removing one of the major functional matrices from the model. The animals were allowed to grow. A control group was used, and comparisons were made between the two groups. RESULTS: The results of the study suggest that the functional matrix theory is not valid in this experimental model. CONCLUSIONS: Further research is required to confirm this finding. This would have important implications for our understanding of the biology of craniofacial growth and have clinical ramifications for otolaryngologists and other clinicians with an interest in the head and neck.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Fibrosarcoma of the infratemporal fossa in childhood: a challenging problem.

Fibrosarcoma in childhood is a rare disease. An interesting new case involving the infratemporal fossa in a three-year-old girl is reported. The literature, the symptomatology and the diagnostic features are reviewed. The difficult management decisions and the thorny problem of reconstruction of head and neck malignancies in growing children are discussed. Suggestions are made for management of similar cases.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1990

A conceptual approach to learning and organizing the surgical anatomy of the skull base.

The surgical anatomy of the skull base is often considered to be complicated. In order to devise a system for organizing the various anatomical relationships into a learnable package, 20 skull base dissections were performed on preserved specimens. The findings from the dissections indicate that it is possible to organize the relationships into a three-dimensional set of coordinates that interrelates nearly all the important structures of the parapharyngeal area of the skull base. This system consists of three vertical and three horizontal planes. It uses the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) as a landmark and as an access pathway to the system. Additionally the findings from the dissections indicate that the classical concept of the parapharyngeal space is not accurate when applied to the skull base.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

Juxtarenal aortic aneurysm after successful repair of ruptured infrarenal aneurysm.

Eight months after successful repair of a ruptured infrarenal aneurysm, a 50-year-old hypertensive male patient was found to have a 2nd aneurysm restricted to the juxtarenal segment of the aorta, and not in continuity with the infrarenal lesion. While there have been reports both of true aneurysms arising independently in the abdominal (infrarenal) and thoracic (suprarenal) aortic segments, and of false aneurysms arising secondary to abdominal aortic repair (at the suture line or as dilatations of residual aneurysmal tissue), we believe our case unusual in that the new aneurysm was a discrete and "true" thoracoabdominal dilatation arising just above the renal arteries and terminating just below the superior mesenteric artery. This strictly juxtarenal dilatation conforms better to a descriptive pattern for atherosclerotic occlusive disease than it does to the standard scheme for classifying thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms.

Journal Article↗