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Biomedical subjects

J G Pascalis

Publications and source records attributed to J G Pascalis.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Indications of lithium plasma levels in professional practice. Average of a 7-year follow-up].

With a mean follow-up duration of 7 years, the retrospective analysis of 57 charts of lithiotherapy shows that: Better results are observed when the lithium blood level reactus 0.87 mmoles/l. In that case, the best lithiotherapy indication is the major recurrent long cycles depression. We also propose as lithiotherapy indication in order of efficacy: 1--The maniac-depressive psychosis (P.M.D.) in its mixed form. 2--The schizo-affective troubles. The curative and preventive lithium efficacy is on favour of the diagnosis of recurrent endogenous psychiatric disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Relations between intelligence and perversion. Small essay on ethics].

Excepted vegetarians, everybody let kill and may kill for self-defence. The killed-one suffers and dies. Perversity is to kill or to let suffer without personnal life's saving's necessity--for the treasure of the "perverse subject". We think that such subjects must not be considered as non responsible, excepted when they present a mental retardation. The sexual perversions are probably not the most dangerous: the most are subjects using a personnal high level of intelligence to domination and destruction, including in the sexual behaviours.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Value of karyotype in psychiatry: the 3-D syndrome (dysthymia-dysgonosomia-deterioration). First clinical, cytogenetic, anatomical correlation].

The systematic study of the karyotype in Adult Psychiatry reveals among the group of periodical psychoses the existence of the 3-D Syndrome, marked by long clinical cycles, a course towards a dementia, the presence of a X-dysgonosomy with mosaicism, a relative and better clinical response with the use of lithium than with the use of tricyclic antidepressants. These characteristics discriminate the 3-D syndrome from the periodical manic depressive psychosis, which neither includes the course towards a dementia nor does it include until now identified cellular abnormalities. From the anatomical point of view the brain is quasi-normal, when the ultimate phase is a dementia. The 3-D Syndrome seems to be linked with a phenomenon of chromosomal instability. The caryotype takes a part among the usual biological tests in psychiatry.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Lithium as founding the concept of endogenous mental disease].

The abnormal life--potentially the death--of the cell can be restored by a metalloid--lithium--which is nearly as common as sodium in the mineral world. This established fact grounds indirectly, contrary to apparent and scientific logic, the concept of endogenous brain disease which was until then an abstract concept because of a lack of objective evidence. Seven case reports are described.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Evaluation of the risk factors of suicide in patients treated for mental disorders. Review of the literature from 1978 to 1988].

Research on suicide risk factors among psychiatric patients has developed considerably over the last 10 years. The methodological problems are numerous. Tentatives of global prediction have been unsuccessful in describing one complete and specific picture of the mentally ill suicide, whereas lawsuits against psychiatrists are frequent after patients' suicides. Through the analysis of 37 publications from 1978 to 1988 the authors review the main suicide risk factors identified among treated psychiatric patients.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

[Standardized symptomatologic inventory adapted to psychiatric emergency].

Clinical psychiatry, particularly in the case of hospital emergency, begins with the patient's benevolent observation. It goes on with the verbal communication, subordinated itself to linguistic problems. There are now daily cross-cultural practising and education in France. This is the presentation of a standardized inventory and of its instructions for use, created in connection with a multicentric currently analysed survey. The inventory can be used without major difficulty by non clinicians and general practitioners.

Emergency Services, Psychiatric↗
PubMed1989

[Do Lewis and MNSS erythrocyte phenotypes predict response to lithium in manic-depressive psychosis?].

Manic depressive psychosis (P.M.D.) is the most "Biological" psychiatric disease and the one whose treatment is the most satisfactory since Lithium is used. The aim of the study is: to check P. Grof (18) hypotheses which postulated that M. erythrocyte phenotype is a positive predictive factor to Lithium in the P.M.D. therapy, and to complete by a similar study in the Lewis group according to the hypothesis of J. L. Prunet, E. Rincent and J. G. Pascalis (37) in a previous study. It is a retrospective and longitudinal study on thirty one Lithium treatment M.D.P. patients. Lithium response is evaluated with objective and quantitative parameters which give us the ability to evaluate chimoprophylaxy and the treatment of M.D.P. accesses. In the MNSs system the statistical analysis of these results show us that none of these phenotypes can be considered as a predictive factor of the Lithium response. In the Lewis system there is no efficacy predictive factor of the chemoprophylaxis. On the other hand Le (a- b+) phenotype would have a wase response to the accesses curative treatment by Lithium. Nevertheless, we have to temper this last hypothesis because the repartition of Lewis phenotype is our group of patient, was significantly different that these of the general population.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Consumption of psychotropic drugs and medical care preceding voluntary drug poisoning in 63 patients with major depressive disorders according to the DSM III-R].

Twenty years after the large development of the use of psychotropic drugs and of a psychiatric formation for doctors, 63 subjects with a major depressive episode following the D.S.M. III-R criteria were interviewed in a psychiatric emergency unit about their psychotropic drugs consumption and their medical care preceding a drug self-poisoning. There is a discrepancy between the subjects' depressive pathology and their care consumption. During the depressive episode 3% of the subjects received a treatment considered to be adequate--existence of an antidepressant therapy at sufficient dosage and duration together with a medical psychological follow-up. The results indicate a relative failure of the health care system. The importance of the selection of the sample and the limits of a medical approach are stressed. The usefulness of anti-depressant drugs and the necessity for a psychiatric training for doctors cannot be questioned. Only prospective studies could demonstrate whether a better suited medical action is able to reduce the incidence of suicidal behaviour among depressive patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Suicidal alcoholic patients: profile, risk factors and review of the literature from 1955 to 1988].

Alcoholism and suicide are two Public Health problems which are linked at the epidemiological and clinical levels. Research over suicide risk factors among alcoholic subjects has developed mainly among medicalized psychiatric populations. Suicide occurs late among alcoholic patients, and affects particularly men and socially isolated subjects. The main risk factors relate to the decrease of the socio-economic status. loss of job and of income-, to the interpersonal loss--i.e. family bereavement or breach of relation, to the existence of a suicidal ideation often communicated or of suicidal antecedents, to a degradation of the physical state or the presence of some affections like gastro-duodenal ulcer. The identified factors are of little specificity. It is difficult to assess their interrelations and their respective true values. The reliable prediction of a later suicide remains presently impossible. Progress in analytic research over the alcoholic patients' suicide could result from the standardization of populations and of studied factors and from the use of multivariate analysis statistical methods.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The lithium test, test of endogenous criteria].

The lithium-test (Li-T) requests hospitalisation of the patient, administration of Li to obtain a plasma/level of at the lust 0, 8 mEq/l, since the third to the eight day. It improve depressions, acute delusions, pseudo-dementias: the field of the lithiodépendent endogenic diseases as to be enlarged. The Li-T may distinguish between this lithiodependence of the other, non-lithiodépendent, in dysthymic psychotic disorders.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Non-verbal clinical psychiatric aspects].

Mimic, involuntary movements, agitation or immobility, are parts of description, comprehension and evaluation of any human behaviour, normal or not: they were included in the classic european psychiatries. They almost disappear from the actual scales of evaluation, or from the training through scales. It seems possible to complete such scales, exclusively verbal, by scales of behaviours-suicidal attempt being a good instance of such behaviours.

Facial Expression↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Biomedical researches: for whom? for what? how?].

The law of December 20th 1988 provides for the protection of those people who lend themselves to clinical research, both patients and healthy subjects. The ex-expert clinicians are confronted with new drugs and protocols of experimentation enacted by industry. Grey areas still exist, authors try to limit them for want of being able to through light on them, today.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗