Physics. Getting entangled in free space.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J G Rarity.
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We introduce the concept of encoding and manipulation of information on single photons. This is exploited in the technique of quantum cryptography to distribute random bit strings in a secure way. More general quantum information processing requires a conditional interaction between separate photons. This can be achieved by exploiting the interference between two photons at a beam-splitter and the non-linearity inherent in detection. As yet the efficiency of such gates is low.
Large random bit-strings known as 'keys' are used to encode and decode sensitive data, and the secure distribution of these keys is essential to secure communications across the globe. Absolutely secure key exchange between two sites has now been demonstrated over fibre and free-space optical links. Here we describe the secure exchange of keys over a free-space path of 23.4 kilometres between two mountains. This marks a step towards accomplishing key exchange with a near-Earth orbiting satellite and hence a global key-distribution system.
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The dynamic light scattering technique of photon correlation spectroscopy has been used to determine biomacromolecule hydrodynamic radius in solutions flowing at rates similar to those experienced in liquid chromatographic separation systems. Such analyses can be performed rapidly (less than 5 s). The potential of the technique as an on-line noninvasive monitor for liquid chromatography is discussed.