Biomedical subjects

J G Schade

Publications and source records attributed to J G Schade.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1996

Reliability and validity of the Faces and Word Descriptor Scales to measure procedural pain.

Reliability and validity of the Faces and Word Descriptor Scales to measure pain in verbal children undergoing painful procedures were assessed. Test-retest reliability and construct and discriminant validity were supported for both instruments among a sample of 118 children in three age groups (3-7, 8-12, 13-18). Construct validity was determined by comparisons with a visual analogue scale and a numerical scale with known validity. A majority of the children preferred to use the Faces scale when providing self-report of pain regardless of age. The Faces and Word Descriptor Scales are valid and reliable instruments to measure procedural pain intensity.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1996

Comparison of three preverbal scales for postoperative pain assessment in a diverse pediatric sample.

The purposes of this study were to compare the reliability and validity of three pain measurement scales for assessing pain in preverbal and nonverbal children and to determine which of the scales was most appropriate in a clinical setting to evaluate pain for infants and young children regardless of developmental stage or cognitive or physical disability. Pain scales tested were revised versions of the Riley Infant Pain Scale (RIPS), the Nursing Assessment of Pain Intensity (NAPI), and the Postoperative Pain Score (POPS). Purposive sampling of 391 postoperative infants and children was used for evaluation of pain in a midwestern children's hospital. Four assessments with each scale were done 1 hr apart by trained observers blinded to pain medications. Data analyses supported high inter-rater reliability, satisfactory discrimination between pain and no-pain observations, and suggested acceptability for all three scales with lower caregiver burden for RIPS and NAPI.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Reliability and validity of preverbal pain assessment tools.

Pain assessments using three different observational pain assessment tools--the Post Operative Pain Score (POPS), the Nursing Assessment of Pain Intensity (NAPI), and the Pain Rating Scale (PRS)--were made on 98 preverbal children following surgery in an attempt to establish the reliability and validity of the three tools. Two observers (raters) scored pain intensity using each of the three instruments before and after administration of an analgesic. Interrater agreements were satisfactory on all three tools, with Interclass Correlations (ICC) ranging from .71 to .85. T tests supported the discriminant validity of all three tools at the p < .0001 level. The POPS and NAPI had internal consistency reliability alphas ranging from .79 to .88 for the POPS and .59 to .77 for the NAPI. Item analyses suggested specific revisions of the tools that might increase their reliability.

Age Factors↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Quantifying ambulatory care activities by time and complexity.

As economic considerations increasingly drive decisions in health care, the staffing mix and nursing roles in ambulatory care are often questioned. A patient classification system that quantifies nursing activities by time and complexity can be used to assist with the difficult task of matching nursing resources with patient care needs.

Ambulatory Care↗