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Biomedical subjects

J G Watkins

Publications and source records attributed to J G Watkins.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Organization and functioning of ISCEH, The International Society for Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis.

The first international society of hypnosis founded in this century, the International Society for Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis (ISCEH), was organized in 1958 as a direct result of societal conflicts between The Society for Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis (SCEH) and the American Society of Clinical Hypnosis (ASCH). Initially, it consisted of National Divisions built around key contributors in 30 different countries. This article describes the inception, organization, and development (including controversies and conflicts) of ISCEH up to 1973. At that time, through the cooperation of SCEH, ASCH, and other international groups, under the leadership of Dr. Ernest R Hilgard, ISCEH was reorganized, reconstituted, and renamed The International Society of Hypnosis (ISH). For the purpose of historical study, the society's voluminous correspondence, directories of officers and committees, awards, photographs, programs of congresses, election records, and other relevant documents have been cataloged and preserved in some 82 files in the Archives of the History of American Psychology at the University of Akron, Akron, Ohio.

History, 19th Century↗
PubMed1994

Public health nursing research priorities: a collaborative Delphi study.

The purpose of this study was to identify research questions and priorities in public health nursing based on the perceived needs of practicing public health nurses, and to assess whether the respondents believed that the profession should provide leadership in the study of the identified questions. Using a modified Delphi survey, 76 research priorities were ranked and produced three factors or categories of questions during the two rounds: outcomes in maternal-child and family planning, outcomes in home health services, and public health nurse recruitment, retention, job satisfaction, and image. Forty-seven (62%) of the 76 priorities were deemed appropriate for nursing to assume leadership in seeking answers. Results reveal a consensus of research priorities generated by front-line nurses consistent with year 2000 health objectives for the nation.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Accessing the relevant areas of maladaptive personality functioning.

Personality functions in different dimensions: perceptual, cognitive, and affective (emotional). It can be manifested in different areas--overt (conscious), covert (unconscious), or in some relative degree of each. Personality segments can operate independently of one another, as in multiple personalities or with varying degrees of mutual dependence and intercommunication, as in normal "ego states." Therapeutic interventions will be more efficient if focused within the problem dimension, area, or segment. The essence of Alexander and French's "corrective emotional experience" was a restructuring of the patient through release and interpretation within the "emotional" sphere. When their concept is extended to other dimensions of personality functions, such as behavioral, perceptual, and cognitive, it allows interventions to be more specifically focused in the regions that are most relevant. In this paper we present specific techniques using this extended concept. Rapid and significant change followed in the patient so treated.

Ego↗
PubMed1990

Dissociation and displacement: where goes the "ouch?".

Hypnosis is widely used to relieve pain. Current theory emphasizes its dissociative features. Multiple personality patients can eliminate pain in the primary personality by displacing it into underlying alters. The Hilgards demonstrated that normal hypnotized subjects can similarly dissociate pain into a covert cognitive structural system which they called the "hidden observer." The Watkins discovered that "hidden observers" appeared to be the same phenomenon as "ego states." "Ego-state theory" assumes that human personality develops through integration and differentiation. At one end of the continuum, "differentiation" is adaptive. Ego states possess relatively permeable boundaries as in normal moods. At the other end ego-state boundaries become less permeable. Normal "differentiation" becomes maladaptive "dissociation" and multiple personalities may be created. In the intermediate range of the differentiation/dissociation continuum, "covert" ego states can be found in many normal subjects who volunteer for hypnotic laboratory experiments. Normal individuals, like multiple personalities and "hidden observer" subjects, can displace (dissociate) pain into "covert" ego states. The pain is not eliminated. This suggests that when we remove pain by hypnosis we may not be getting away "scot-free."

Dissociative Disorders↗
PubMed1984

Hazards to the therapist in the treatment of multiple personalities.

It is vitally important that the therapist be cognizant of the dangers inherent in treating some patients with multiple personality disorder. The authors offer sound, detailed advice on every facet of the clinician's interaction with the patient--from keeping on good terms with each ego state to guarding against physical violence and sexual seduction.

Dangerous Behavior↗
PubMed1975

[Methods and relationships in hypnotism].

Hypnotism is as much an intensive and intrapersonal relationship as a state of awareness. It is therefore necessary to know how to induce this state, so that the therapeutist can achieve the best results. Ways in which this can be done are described and particular hypnotherapeutic methods that enable the technique to be managed with success are explained. Special attention is given to the concepts of relationship and suggestion. Purification and verbal catharsis under hypnosis are described, along with abreaction as a therapeutic instrument. Cases of free and selective association are presented, together with others illustrating strategic techniques for manipulation between subject and object. Personal methods are defined in the sense of suitable mechanisms enabling the hypnotist to establish what can be seen as a true state of equilibrium between himself and his patient.

Humans↗
PubMed1975

[Methods and relationships in hypotism].

Hypotism is as much an intensive and intrapersonal relationship as a state of awareness. It is therefore necessary to know how to induce this state, so that the therapeutist can achieve the best results. Ways in which this can be done are described and particular hypotherapeutic methods that enable the technique to be managed with success are explained. Special attention is given to the concepts of relationship and suggestion. Purification and verbal catharasis under hyponosis are described, along with abreaction as a therapeutic instrument. Cases of free and selective association are presented, together with others illustrating strategic techniques for manipulation beteen subject and object. Personal methods are defined in the sense of suitable mechanisms enabling the hypnotist to establish hat can be seen as a true state of equilibrium beteen himself and his patient.

Humans↗