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Biomedical subjects

J G Westergaard

Publications and source records attributed to J G Westergaard.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Neonatal jaundice after labour induced or stimulated by prostaglandin E2 or oxytocin.

In a prospective study of neonatal jaundice 739 infants, delivered vaginally, in the vertex presentation, and without major complications, were examined. Labour was induced or stimulated after random allocation of the mothers to one of three oxytocics (prostaglandin E2 orally, oxytocin intravenously, or demoxytocin buccally). Oxytocics were unnecessary after primary amniotomy in 91 women. A linear logistic statistical analysis showed that gestational age has a highly significant influence on the risk of jaundice (defined by maximum serum level of bilirubin greater than or equal to 205 mumol/l). An apparent influence of birthweight could be explained by the correlation between birthweight and gestational age. The influence of the three oxytocic agents was not significant, although they may have had a slight effect; however, any such effect could be a consequence of the infants of mothers given oxytocics being less mature than those whom mothers did not receive oxytocics. The duration of labour and the mother's age also had no effect on risk of jaundice. Thus, neonatal jaundice after induced and stimulated labour seems to be primarily associated with fetal maturity; the pharmacological side-effect, if any, of oxytocics is of no importance.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1982

Prelabor evaluation of inducibility.

Data were collected prospectively on 381 patients admitted for stimulation of labor because of premature rupture of the membranes and 808 patients for induction of labor. The induction was by primary amniotomy in 337 cases, and the remaining 471 cases, because of relatively unfavorable cervical conditions, were treated without primary amniotomy. Induction of labor failed on the first day in 181 of the cases with an unfavorable cervix. All patients were delivered vaginally of one living infant in cephalic presentation. The predictive value of the Bishop pelvic score and other factors regarding the duration of labor (induction-delivery time) and the inducibility of labor (latency period) were evaluated by multiple regression analyses. The influence of parity on duration of labor was found to be very constant and highly significant, whereas it seemed to have only little influence on inducibility. The only factor of significant importance to inducibility thus seems to be the prelabor cervical condition. Of the 5 components in the Bishop score, dilatation was found to be most important and should be weighted at least twice the value given it by Bishop. A new pelvic score for prelabor evaluation of inducibility is proposed on the basis of these results.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Pregnancy-associated plasma protein A: circulating levels during normal pregnancy.

The development of specific and sensitive electroimmunoassays for a recently identified high molecular weight alpha-2 mobile pregnancy-specific protein (pregnancy-associated plasma protein A, PAPP-A or SP4) is described. These assays have permitted the detection of circulating levels of PAPP-A (10 microgram/L) as early as the fifth week of pregnancy. In all 18 subjects studied, the levels of PAPP-A rose from first detection in the first trimester until delivery at term. The development of these assays now permit the evaluation of PAPP-A measurement as a diagnostic test of early pregnancy and as an index of fetal well-being throughout gestation.

Female↗
PubMed1981

Circulating levels of pregnancy zone protein: normal range and the influence of age and gender.

Serum levels of pregnancy zone protein (PZP) were measured in 506 apparently normal males and 329 normal non-pregnant females, the age range being 18 to 70 years. The estimations of PZP were performed by sensitive radio-rocket-line immunoelectrophoresis. The distribution of the data had a marked positive skew in both sexes which was reduced following logarithmic transformation. Serum concentrations in both men and women were found to increase significantly with advancing age. This increase and the mean concentrations were significantly higher in females.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Comparison of pregnancy-associated murine protein-1 and human pregnancy zone protein.

Immunological cross-reaction between human pregnancy zone protein (PZP, SP-3, alpha 2-PAG) and pregnancy-associated murine protein-1 (PAMP-1) was demonstrated by countercurrent line immunoelectrophoresis using antibodies against the proteins raised in hens. The levels of PZP and PAMP-1 were measured during pregnancy and found to be very similar in the first half of pregnancy. Both proteins were found to be heterogeneous and separable according to surface properties. It is suggested that the murine PAMP-1 can be used to study the physiology of human PZP.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Placental protein 5 (PP5) in placental abruption.

The circulating levels of serum placental protein 5 (PP5) were measured in serial samples from 10 subjects who later had placental abruption. PP5 levels were elevated in five immediately prior to the clinical diagnosis of abruption.

Abruptio Placentae↗
PubMed1981

Induction of labor with and without primary amniotomy. A randomized study of prostaglandin E2 tablets and intravenous oxytocin.

A comparative study of labor induction has been performed on 471 consecutive patients. Primary amniotomy was performed in 227 cases, and 103 of these patients were stimulated, 57 patients with PGE2 tablets and 46 with oxytocin. In the remaining 124 cases labor was induced within 4 hours without medical stimulation. Primary amniotomy was omitted in 244 cases, as the head was not engaged and the cervix was unripe. After random allocation to the treatment groups 125 patients received PGE2 tablets (ProstinR), and 119 patients received oxytocin intravenously. After 2 days of stimulation without primary amniotomy, delivery was induced in 83 per cent of the patients receiving PGE2 and in 84 per cent of the patients receiving oxytocin. All patients on whom primary amniotomy had been performed were delivered on the first day. There was no difference in the success rate between PGE2 and oxytocin treatments in patients with the same Bishop score. The performance of amniotomy at the beginning of induction led to a significantly lower total dose as well as a lower maximal dose of PGE2 and oxytocin. There was no difference in the duration of active labor in patients receiving PGE2 or oxytocin. There were no differences in the incidence of fetal distress and low Apgar scores between the different groups. No serious side effects occurred. Vomiting and diarrhea in 14 patients (8 per cent) receiving PGE2 was in contrast to 3 patients with these symptoms (2 per cent) in the oxytocin group. Oral administration of PGE2 is a convenient, effective and safe alternative to oxytocin for the induction of labor; however, PGE2 was not found superior to oxytocin in cases with a low Bishop score.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Immunochemical and biological studies on two molecular variants of pregnancy specific beta 1 glycoprotein (SP1) SP1 alpha and SP1 beta.

Analytical crossed immunoelectrophoresis was performed to examine the relationship of a high molecular mass alpha 2 mobile glycoprotein (SP1 alpha) which is immunochemically identifiable with pregnancy specific beta 1 glycoprotein (SP1 beta). There was no evidence for any reaction of SP1 alpha with antisera to normal human serum protein, nor for complex formation following incubation with normal serum proteins. The half-life of SP1 alpha was apparently shorter than that of SP1 beta after delivery of the placenta.

Female↗
PubMed1980

Pregnancy specific beta-1 glycoprotein (SP1) in patients with trophoblastic disease: molecular heterogeneity and a "SP1 consuming factor".

The reactivity of sera from 19 patients with trophoblastic disease was analyzed in analytic immunoelectrophoresis using rabbit and human pregnancy specific beta-1 glycoprotein (SP1) antisera. Molecular heterogeneity of SP1 was demonstrated in crossed immunoelectrophoresis and a "SP1 consuming factors" was found in serum from a patient with choriocarcinoma. The "SP1 consuming factor" was precipitated by 1.65 M (NH4)2SO4. The results are discussed in relation to quantification of circulating SP1 patients with trophoblastic disease.

Chemical Precipitation↗