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Biomedical subjects

J Gaál

Publications and source records attributed to J Gaál.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Family-centered obstetrics].

Family centralised delivery model program in the Department of Obstetrics of Borsod County Hospital in Miskolc is reviewed. This program has been started since 1986. Significance and positive emotional effects are emphasized. Preparation for the birth, the presence of the husband in the labour ward, the alternative delivery position and the rooming-in system are discussed in detail. The natural birth's behaviour, which is very important in the life of the family, would be realized with this program.

Family↗
PubMed1991

[Representation of the increase of fetal biparietal and thoracic diameter on a new (14-zone) ultrasonic diagnostic table].

From the somatic development of the fetus one may conclude to its functional maturity and if birth is near to its life prospects too. Thus the ultrasonographic examination of the biparietal and thorax transversal diameter reflecting the somatic development is of prognostic significance too. The authors composed a new table to increase the information value of the ultrasonographic finding, for the uniform designation of the given BPD and THD (biparietal and thorax diameter) sizes and for the better recognition of the tendencies of BPD and THD changes. A new system of symbols and representation method were elaborated for the description of standard positions. According to the gestation weeks 14-14 BPD and THD size-ranges were separated. The so called "UFD" Ultrasonographic index of the Fetal Development gives information besides the gestation time also on the BPD and THD standard position of the fetus and demonstrates illustratively the direction and rate of deviation of the standard positions from the average. The system provides the possibility of a better information to the obstetrician or consulting physician who evaluates the US finding, a uniform interpretation of the findings and serves better the clinical diagnostics.

Female↗
PubMed1989

[Incidence over 10% of premature deliveries in Hungary (based on the experience in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplń County)].

The incidence over 10% of premature delivery in Hungary was studied. The cause which motivated this work was the fact that despite of several preventive and therapeutic measures the incidence e.g. in BAZ county surpassed even the average of the country. Professors of clinics in different countries of Europe as well as medical societies dealing with this question have been consulted about the matter of whether it was sufficient to consider a neonate a premature infant and the delivery a premature one solely on the basis of birth weight (under 2.500 g). Data of BAZ county proved that this determination was misleading and proposals are made concerning the modification on the basis of the examinations of the authors.

Female↗
PubMed1989

Synthesis of dibenzodioxazocines and their effects on cholinesterases and muscarinic cholinergic receptors.

A new family of tricyclic compounds, the dibenzodioxazocines were synthesized. These compounds were the following: 2-chloro-12-(2-piperidino-ethyl)-dibenzo d,g 1,3,6 dioxazocine hydrochloride: EGYT-2347, 2-chloro-12-(3-dimethylamino-2-methyl-propyl)-dibenzo [d,g] [1,3,6]-dibenzodioxazocine hydrochloride: EGYT-2509, 2-chloro-12-(3-dimethylamino-propyl)-dibenzo [d,g] [1,3,6] dioxazocine-maleate: EGYT-2474 and 2-chloro-12-2-(4-methyl-piperazino)-ethyl-dibenzo [d,g] [1,3,6]-dioxazocine-dihydrochloride: EGYT-2541. These compounds are inhibitors of both butyryl- and acetylcholinesterase to and they exhibited relatively good anticholinergic properties in receptor binding experiments. The most selective inhibitor of butyrylcholinesterase is the compound EGYT-2347 (Ki = 1.5 x 10(-7) M) which strongly binds to rat brain muscarinic cholinergic receptor (KD = 4.1 x 10(-8) M).

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Structure-activity relationships of new muscarinergic dibenzodioxazocines.

1H-NMR and X-ray conformation studies of new muscarinergic dibenzodioxazocines have been carried out. It is suggested that EGYT-2347 (2-chloro-12-/2-piperidino-ethyl/-dibenzo [d,g] [1, 3, 6] dioxazocine hydrochloride) may exist in solution in at least two distinct conformations, unlike other tricyclic or non-tricyclic compounds having antimuscarinergic activity. One of these conformations possessing an asymmetric, twisted central hetero-ring confined between two phenyl rings is probably the energetically more stable form, while the other having a butterfly-like structure, with mirror symmetry-related phenyl rings as in phenothiazines seems to be more suitable for receptor binding. The importance of the hydrophobic pocket at the receptor site was revealed by the good correlation of the calculated and measured hydrophobic parameters to the muscarinic activity of these newly synthesized and other known muscarinergic compounds.

Dibenzoxazepines↗
PubMed1987

Detailed analysis of heterogeneity of [3H]naloxone binding sites in rat brain synaptosomes.

The experiments reported in this paper address the question of heterogeneity of [3H]naloxone binding sites in rat brainstem synaptosomal preparations at 23 degrees C in the presence of 100 mM sodium chloride. Kinetic analysis in the presence of 0.4, 4 and 10 nM [3H]naloxone gave pseudo-first order association rate of 0.9 +/- 0.04, 1.23 +/- 0.08 and 1.06 +/- 0.08 min-1, respectively. The dissociation of a 1 nM [3H]naloxone receptor complex was biphasic with dissociation rate constants of 1.8 and 0.4 min-1. On the other hand, dissociation of 10 nM [3H]naloxone was monophasic with a kd of 1.1 min-1. Two subpopulations of binding sites were also observed by steady state binding studies, with Kd values of 0.5 and 3.4 nM and a ratio of high to low affinity sites of 1:9. Heterogeneity of [3H]naloxone binding sites could be seen by displacement studies performed with opioid peptides and alkaloids. We suggest that our data best fits a model with two independent naloxone binding sites wherein either one or both undergo a multi-step interaction with ligand.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Displacement analysis of binding inhomogeneities in crude extracts of receptors.

Guidelines are given to distinguish different kinds of binding inhomogeneities of non-radiolabeled ligands in crude extracts of receptors if an appropriate 'binding analogue' of the displacers is available in radiolabeled form. Three minimal models for the simplest types of binding inhomogeneities are analysed theoretically. These models include a cooperative system (with two interacting sites on the same receptor molecule) and two non-cooperative systems (one of them with a single-site receptor having two conformational states in equilibrium and the other with two single-site receptors independent of each other). In certain cases one can distinguish these systems experimentally. Furthermore, if a group of displacers is already classified according to the above models, then dissociation constants can be determined. The quantitative comparison of these displacers on the basis of their dissociation constants is more appropriate (e.g. in Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship studies) than on the basis of their ID50 and Ki values or Hill coefficients, which is often done.

Binding Sites↗
PubMed1985

Beta-adrenergic sensitivity--imminent premature delivery.

In order to determine individual sensitivity, 0.4 microgram/kg/min of fenoterol was in fused to 95 pregnant women prior to institution of tocolytic treatment against premature delivery. Changes of maternal heart rate during this test was recorded and analysed retrospectively. The following conclusions were drawn: Even in a carefully prescreened pregnant population, 4.2% of gravidas proved to be hypersensitive to fenoterol: the irreversible commencement of premature delivery was accompanied by a significant decrease of beta sensitivity: to avoid complications due to tocolytic therapy, it is necessary to stop sympathomimetic medication in a stepwise manner: there was no pathologic consequences of fenoterol treatment to the newborn babies.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗
PubMed1979

[Lecithin-sphingomyelin ratio "its prognostic importance to pregnancy" of diabetics (author's transl)].

The lecithin-sphingomyelin ratio was determined by the authors, applying Gluck's technique to 98 amniotic fluid samples of 55 pregnant patients with diabetes, depending on gestational age. Amniocentesis was preceded by ultrasonic placentography. Carbohydrate metabolism of this group was kept under optimum management and regulation. Its L/S ratio (3.1) was twice as much as that recorded from another group of patients (1.5) without adequate management of the carbohydrate metabolism. The rate of complications in the first group was below that in the second. -- It has been emphasised by the authors that variation in the L/S ratio along with gestational age depended not only on the severity of the given course of diabetes but, as well, on the management of the carbohydrate metabolism during pregnancy. They found that in any pregnancy under the conditions of diabetes the L/S ratio was an important criterion for diagnostic assessment of foetal lung maturity.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1977

Fetal arrhythmia during pregnancy and labour.

The significance of fetal arrhythmia presenting during pregnancy and labour has been examined in 68 patients. The different types of rhythm disorders diagnosed included 61 extrasystoles, 6 atrioventricular blocks and 1 auricular fibrillation. Extrasystoles were not associated with acidosis or organic cardiac disease. Atrioventricular block, though not associated with fetal hypoxia, was occasionally associated with congenital cardiac failure.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1976

[Experiences with Ketalar anesthesia in gynecological and obstetrical operations].

The authors' experience with Ketalar anaesthesia applied in 483 cases has been described. The effect of the narcotic on the cardiovascular system, respiration and acid-base household is analysed in details. As stated by the authors, the narcotic is well applicable in obstetrical and gynecological small operations. By appropriate preparation the occurence of side effects can be reduced. With Shirodkar operations increase of the uterine tonus can be prevented by protective premedication. Ketalar is not recommended for the introduction of anaesthesia in cases of Caesarean section as it may increase the incidence of neonatal asphyxia.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗