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Biomedical subjects

J Gadzinowski

Publications and source records attributed to J Gadzinowski.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Pulmonary function after surfactant lung lavage followed by surfactant administration in infants with severe meconium aspiration syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: The effect of surfactant lung lavage (SLL) on pulmonary function was examined in neonates with severe form of meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) (mean +/- standard deviation: birth weight, 3178.1 +/- 237.6 g; gestational age, 37.7 +/- 1.8 weeks). METHODS: The infants were on mechanical ventilation and were subjected to SLL with Survanta. Dynamic compliance (Cdyn), airway resistance (Raw) and mean airway pressure (MAP) were obtained with use of the pneumotachometric method. Measurements of Cdyn, Raw, MAP and time constant (Tc) were compared in the study and control groups and between the groups before SLL and 24 and 48 h after SLL. RESULTS: A significant increase in Cdyn (from 1.06 +/- 0.23 to 2.12 +/- 0.99 (ml/cmH(2)O)/kg) (p < 0.05) and a drop in both Raw (from 264.7 +/- 41.5 to 146.6 +/- 39.4 (cmH(2)O/l)/s) and MAP (from 12.4 +/- 3.6 to 5.4 +/- 2.1 cmH(2)O) were observed 48 hours after SLL. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that SLL is associated with a rapid and significant improvement in pulmonary mechanics, together with an improvement in oxygenation, in newborns with severe MAS. We found that the beneficial effects of SLL on pulmonary mechanics persisted for at least 48 h after introduction of the procedure.

Bronchoalveolar Lavage↗
PubMed2001

[The influence of iodine deficiency during pregnancy of fetal and neonatal development].

The iodine is fundamental substrate for thyroid hormones synthesis. Thyroxine and triiodothyronine play a crucial role in human brain development and maturation. It is well known, that not only fetal, but also maternal thyroid hormones are essential for normal prenatal central nervous system development. During pregnancy complex changes of maternal thyroid function occur and they are influenced by the maternal iodine supply. With decreasing iodine intake, maternal goiter and hypothyroxinemia as well as fetal and neonatal hypothyroidism become more prevalent. The severity of iodine deficiency and hypothyroidism in the mother during early and midgestation is related to the severity of the neural damage in the fetus. In severe iodine deficiency, central nervous system damage is already irreversible at birth and can only be prevented by correction of the maternal iodine deficiency early in pregnancy. Therefore iodine supplementation during pregnancy is now strongly recommended.

Brain↗
PubMed1998

Renal blood flow in twins.

The aim of this preliminary study was the estimation of renal blood flow in 16 premature newborns from twin pregnancies with mean body weight 1270 g and mean gestational age 29 weeks. In control group we have 16 singleton newborns with mean gestational age 29 weeks and mean birth weight 1240 g. In both intervention and control group we have the similar clinical symptoms. The renal blood flow was carried out in the first day of life with the Acuson 128 XP Colour Doppler using the 6 and 7 MHz linear transducer. The renal blood flow parameters-PI, RI, Vmax, Vmin Vmean were measured in right and left renal arteries in theirs courses from the aorta to the renal hilus, by color sinal. In the investigation group the mean value of RI in right and left renal artery was 0.88. Mean PI in right vessel was 1.67 and in left 1.56. Mean V min in right and in left artery was 0.03 and mean V max in right artery was 0.34 and in left 0.33. Mean value of mean velocity in right vessels was 0.18 and in left 0.19. In control group we observed in right artery mean value of PI 1.74 and in left 1.6. Mean RI was 0.86 and 0.86 in right vessel in left vessel. Mean V min was 0.05 in right and 0.04 in left artery. Mean V max was 0.37 in right and 0.34 in left artery. Mean value of V mean was 0.19 in right artery and 0.18 in left artery. Using the student, Mann-Whitney and Shapiro-Wilk tests we have not observed statistically significant difference of Doppler parameters between control and investigation group and between the left and right artery. Although in newborns with broad PDA we noted significant higher value of RI (0.97, 0.98) than in newborns without PDA (0.78, 0.81).

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1998

Contemporary treatment options for meconium aspiration syndrome.

The presence of meconium in the respiratory tract causes atelectasis, hypoxemia, hypercapnia, persistent pulmonary hypertension, inflammatory changes, and surfactant inactivation. Prevention is the most important factor in the management of meconium aspiration syndrome and it includes both prenatal and postnatal care. Prenatal procedures include constant fetal heart rate monitoring during labor, examination of acid-base equilibrium in the capillary blood from the fetal scalp, and eventually amnioinfusion. Amnioinfusion is not a widely accepted care and further studies to confirm its benefits are required. Postnatal procedures include obligatory suction of the oral-pharyngeal cavity and nose before the first breath, and selective endotracheal suction only in depressed neonates or neonates born from thick meconium-stained amniotic fluid. Conventional therapy of meconium aspiration syndrome includes monitoring of vital functions, chest physiotherapy, site drainage, airway suction, oxygen supply, respiratory support, antibiotics, sedation, normal fluid balance and calories intake, and when indicated, agents stabilizing blood pressure and heart rate. New management methods of meconium aspiration syndrome, not recommended as standard procedures at present include high-frequency oscillatory or jet ventilation as a lifesaving therapy, the use of exogenous surfactant, surfactant lavage of the bronchial tree, liquid ventilation, and inhalation of nitric oxide. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is of considerable importance in the treatment of the most severe meconium aspiration syndrome, but its role is diminishing with the development of other therapeutic methods.

Humans↗
PubMed1995

[Evaluation of ambroxol given prenatally and postnatally on gas exchange in the newborn with respiratory distress syndrome].

160 newborns were observed to compare the influence of combine treatment with ambroxol (Lasolvan-Boehringer Ingelheim) (antenatal and postnatal) versus postnatal administration of this drug on gas exchange and reduction of ventilatory settings in newborns with RDS. In 53% of cases the preparation was given both: pre- and postnatal and 47% of newborns were treated only postnatal. The results of stimulation of lung maturity "before and after" versus "after" delivery were better in the first group, however in some parameters we did not found statistical differences.

Ambroxol↗
PubMed1995

[Comparison of mortality and morbidity in newborns treated with ambroxol prenatally and postnatally].

The effect of Ambroksol given pre- and postnatal on infant mortality and morbidity was performed. In particular we found a statistically significant differences in reduction of mortality in the group A treated with Ambroksol pre- and postnatal vs. group B treated only postnatal. The other parameters of morbidity had no significantly importance but sepsis, which was more often diagnosed in group A than in group B (17.5% vs. 11.1%). We connect this fact with higher frequency of PROM in the group A.

Ambroxol↗
PubMed1994

[Usefulness of transcutaneous measurements of bilirubin in infants with jaundice].

Traditionally, in neonatal jaundice, diagnosis is based on repetitive serum bilirubin measurements. The aim of this study was to analyse clinical usefulness of transcutaneous bilirubinometry as a noninvasive screening test in evaluating neonatal jaundice. The material consisted of 106 full-term infants in which 130 meter readings were performed. A Minolta/Air Shields Jaundice Meter 101 was used. Meter readings were compared with serum bilirubin measurements from these infants (correlation ratio was 0.56). After analysing the clinical data, the conclusion was, that transcutaneous bilirubinometer is a useful instrument for assessing neonatal jaundice for clinical purposes. The bilirubinometer can effectively identify infants whose degree of jaundice the need for serum bilirubin determination and can prevent unnecessary repetitive blood sampling in infants not requiring serum bilirubin determination.

Bilirubin↗
PubMed1993

[Evaluation of surfactant administration in neonates with respiratory distress syndrome. III. The role of intra-uterine stimulation on lung maturity].

Prenatal corticosteroids and exogenous surfactant therapy independently reduce the adds of neonatal death by about 40%. It is not clear however if babies who develop RDS despite prenatal corticosteroid therapy behave differently when later given exogenous surfactant. This paper presents an evaluation of the outcome of babies treated with Curosurf (a porcine surfactant) for RDS depending upon whether they received prenatal corticosteroids (16 babies) or not (11 babies). Although not randomised these two groups of babies appear to be similar in respect of gestational age. However, lower mortality was found in the group treated with prenatal corticosteroids (12.5% vs. 27.2%).

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1992

[Evaluation of treating neonates with surfactants for respiratory distress syndrome. I. Importance of gas exchange].

Twenty seven preterm babies enrolled in a European Multicentre Trial (Curosurf 4) were treated with surfactant Curosurf (Chiesi Farmaceutici, Italy). Mean gestational age was 30.7 weeks (range 26-36), and mean birthweight 1617 g (960-2790 g). Curosurf was given as a rescue therapy in babies with severe RDS between 2-72 hours after birth. Indications for treatment were: clinical and radiological diagnosis of RDS, need for mechanical ventilation and arterial to alveolar oxygen tension ratio < 0.22. Umbilical arterial catheterisation and written parental consent were obtained before trial entry. The results are given for all treated babies and have not been analysed according to the dose of Curosurf. In the first hour after treatment there were mean increases in PaO2 of 27.4 mm Hg (3.6 kPa), and oxygen saturation of 8.2%, a mean decrease in PaCO2 of 15.0 mm Hg (3.3 kPa) and mean increases a/A ratio of 0.1. It was possible to reduce mechanical ventilation one hour after Curosurf instillation: inspired oxygen concentration was decreased by a mean of 12.3%, peak inspiratory pressure by 4.3 cm H2O, and frequency by a mean of 5.6 per minute. It is concluded that there are immediate beneficial effects of Curosurf in preterm babies with severe RDS.

Biological Products↗
PubMed1992

[Effects of surfactant administration in neonates with respiratory distress syndrome. II. Radiographic changes].

The effect of treatment of severe respiratory distress syndrome with a natural porcine surfactant (Curosurf) on the radiographic appearances and degree of aeration is described. Separate assessment of each lung of 22 preterm babies was made before and after surfactant administration. The beneficial effect of Curosurf treatment on the aeration of the lungs was seen in 19 (86%) of the babies.

Biological Products↗