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Biomedical subjects

J Garrett

Publications and source records attributed to J Garrett.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Cellophane perinephritic hypertension in the dog: some biochemical, hemodynamic and pathological characteristics.

Perinephritic hypertension was induced in mongrel dogs by cellophane encapsulation of one kidney and simultaneous contralateral nephrectomy. Systolic blood pressure began to rise before diastolic blood pressure and both reached maximal values 3 weeks after surgery, their levels becoming stable thereafter up to the end of the study (20 weeks). Cardiac contractility, measured by the index dp/dt/P40 (rate of rise of isovolumic left intraventricular pressure at a developed left ventricular pressure of 40 mm Hg) was not altered during the evolution of hypertension; heart weight and left ventricular thickness were increased. Plasma renin activity markedly decreased in the chronic phase and plasma urea and creatinine levels rised initially in a moderate but significant way, thereafter remaining stable. The structure of the wrapped kidney remained normal 20 weeks after surgery, when microscopic arterial lesions were seen in other organs. The comparison of the evolution of this hypertensive model with other more commonly used renal experimental hypertension types allows us to conclude that cellophane perinephritic hypertension in the dog must be considered as an individual entity.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Uptake and metabolism of noradrenaline by blood vessels of perinephritic hypertensive dogs.

Tissue noradrenaline content as well as uptake and metabolism of tritiated exogenous noradrenaline were studied comparatively, in vitro in mesenteric arteries, and in saphenous veins of normotensive and perinephritic hypertensive dogs. The influence of cocaine, iproniazid and 3'-4'-dihydroxy-2-methyl-propiophenone (U-0521) on these variables was also investigated. The concentration of (-)-7-3H-noradrenaline used was 1.08 microM. No changes were observed in noradrenaline content, uptake and metabolism in saphenous vein strips obtained from normotensive or hypertensive animals. However, in mesenteric artery strips obtained from hypertensive dogs, a marked reduction in endogenous noradrenaline content was observed as well as a reduction in noradrenaline accumulation (20 weeks after surgery). The deamination pattern was also modified in these strips: the formation of DOPEG was markedly diminished and the formation of DOMA was increased. These results agree well with the degeneration of the sympathetic innervation of the mesenteric arteries of hypertensive dogs described by Azevedo et al. (1981).

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Ultrastructural changes in blood vessels of perinephritic hypertensive dogs.

Mesenteric arteries and saphenous veins of control and perinephritic hypertensive dogs were studied with light and electron microscopy. 2 weeks after surgery there are ultrastructural changes, both in arteries and veins which are thought to be of hydroelectrolytic origin. These alterations are more marked 7 weeks after surgery and disappear thereafter. There are signs of increased protein synthesis activity in the smooth muscle of the mesenteric arteries, but not of the saphenous veins obtained 7 and 14 weeks after surgery, leading to a progressive hypertrophy of the muscular cells. The connective tissue augmented proportionally. Degeneration of adrenergic nerves in the arteries, accompanied by a parallel decrease in their noradrenaline content, constituted an unexpected finding clearly deserving further study.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

The management of urinary fistulas and strictures with percutaneous ureteral stent catheters.

A method is described for percutaneous anterograde introduction of a ureteral stent catheter. The experience and treatment of 5 patients are reported: 2 ureterovaginal fistulas, 2 ureterocutaneous fistulas and 1 ureteral stricture. The capability of the technique to place a stent catheter in the presence of an almost complete separation of the ureter or through ureteral segments deformed by extensive cicatricial changes is emphasized. The method is advocated as a most effective alternative to supravesical drainage in patients with ureteral fistulas and impaired healing potential of ureters devitalized by surgical stripping and/or radiation therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Uptake and metabolism of noradrenaline by the mesenteric arteries of the dog.

Uptake and metabolism of tritiated noradrenaline by the mesenteric arteries of the dog and concomitant behaviour changes in endogenous noradrenaline are described. Posterior mesenteric artery strips were incubated for 30 min in Krebs solution containing (-)-7-3H-noradrenaline (1,084 muM); suitable pretreatments and/or preincubations were performed to study the influence of some drugs on these parameters. The atrial strips showed a high capacity to retain, accumulate and metabolize exogenous noradrenaline. At the concentration of noradrenaline studied, neuronal uptake and deamination represented the main inactivation mechanism, however, when neuronal uptake was blocked, extraneuronal deamination and o-methylation played a more important role, o-Methylation represented a vicarious enzymatic route when monoamine oxidase activity was inhibited. Iproniazid pretreatment increased markedly the endogenous noradrenaline content of the mesenteric arteries. During incubation with tritiated noradrenaline both an outflow of endogenous noradrenaline and an inflow of tritiated noradrenaline were observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Opera-glass hand in rheumatoid arthritis.

Characteristic deformities occur in the fingers, thumb, and wrist in the opera-glass hand in rheumatoid arthritis. Shortening and instability are the result of bone resorption and dislocation and can be severely disabling. Early spontaneous fusion of the proximal interphalangeal joint preserves digital length. Functional improvement can be obtained in the fingers by interphalangeal joint arthrodesis and metacarpophalangeal prosthetic arthroplasty and in the thumb with metacarpophalangeal and/or interphalangeal arthrodesis. With interphalangeal arthrodesis, interposition grafts often are required in order to restore length and secure fusion. "Prophylactic" arthrodesis of interphalangeal joints should be considered when resorption seems imminent.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Coronary angiography Review of 1500 consecutive cases.

Fifteen hundred coronary angiograms have been performed by the staff of Harefield Hospital since 1970. Only 2 deaths have occurred in the last 1000 consecutive cases though there were 5 in the first 500 cases. This drop in the mortality is ascribed to careful attention to detail and better training of the operators. It is concluded that the Fudkin's method of coronary angiography in trained hands is a safe method of investigation but that because of the very serious potential dangers it is unjustifiable for new units to start unless there is a fully experienced investigator in charge.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1974

Penetration of cells by asbestos fibers.

Studies on the behavior of asbestos fibers within tissues have shown that the only cells that regularly contain asbestos are macrophages and their derivatives. However, these cells actively incorporate the asbestos fibers by the process of phagocytosis, and there is little evidence of direct penetration. Examination of the gut lining after prolonged asbestos ingestion has shown no evidence of dust penetration either through or between the epithelial cells. The structure and arrangement of these cells is discussed, and it is suggested that they are exceptionally well adapted to prevent penetration by any solid material.

Animals↗