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Biomedical subjects

J Geier

Publications and source records attributed to J Geier.

48 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Evaluation of patch test results with denture material series.

791 patients, among them 59 dental technicians and 732 other patients, were tested with the denture material series (DMS) recommended by the German Contact Dermatitis Research Group (DKG) in the hospitals of the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK) between January 1990 and July 1993. Most frequently, positive reactions occurred to cadmium chloride in both groups. However, there was no evidence at all for relevance of these reactions. Benzoyl peroxide (BPO) ranked 2nd in patch test positivity. Although not statistically significant, reactions were more frequent in dental technicians, who might be exposed to BPO the in working environment. Methyl methacrylate (MMA) and triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) were common sensitizers in dental technicians but not in other patients. This finding, too, has its explanation in the working process of manufacturing dental prostheses.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Dynamic patterns of allergic patch test reactions to 10 European standard allergens. An analysis of data recorded by the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK).

Insight into the dynamic time courses of patch test reactions may be useful for patch test evaluation. To put this to the proof, we have analysed the time courses of allergic patch test reactions that were filed between 1990 and 1994 by the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology in Germany (IVDK). Based on reaction strength at days 1 to 3, each allergic patch test was assigned to 1 of 5 distinct dynamic reaction patterns: crescendo, plateau, decrescendo, crescendo/decrescendo, or decrescendo/ crescendo. The frequencies of these patterns were determined for those 10 standard allergens yielding the highest numbers of allergic reactions (n between 180 and 1240), and dynamic patterns were classified as type 1 (crescendo or plateau patterns) or type 2 (other patterns). Influences of population characteristics upon the classification of patterns were evaluated by logistic regression analyses. Different frequencies of reaction patterns were found for distinct allergens. For all 10 allergens, type-1 patterns were significantly more often observed for allergic reactions assessed as clinically relevant. For 5 allergens, female sex of patients was associated with a lower frequency of type-2 patterns. A history of atopic dermatitis and the age of patients were only weakly associated with a certain classification of reaction patterns in some of the allergens. In a comparison of reaction patterns obtained with different allergens in the same population, we found that nickel sulfate elicited type 1 reaction patterns more often than fragrance mix. We conclude that the dynamic reaction patterns should be taken into account in the evaluation of patch tests. The relation of type-1 patterns to clinical relevance of the reaction needs further attention.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Olaquindox-induced airborne photoallergic contact dermatitis followed by transient or persistent light reactions in 15 pig breeders.

There have been no previous reports of photosensitivity following photoallergy to airborne olaquindox in a large group. 15 pig breeders, with photo-distributed dermatitis related to olaquindox dust, were investigated to study the nature, promoting factors, and course of this disease. Minimal erythema doses for UVA and UVB were established before photopatch testing and at intervals thereafter. All patients presented with olaquindox-induced photoallergy. In 14 cases, this was followed by prolonged increased sensitivity to UVA. 7 patients also displayed an increased sensitivity to UVB. 13 farmers came into contact with olaquindox in mineral feed (1000 mg/kg) and only 2 in final feed (50 mg/kg). 8 patients avoided further contact with olaquindox because of warnings in the media. Allergies and photoallergies to other occupational substances preceded or followed olaquindox (photo)allergy. Because of their increased sensitivity to light, most of these farmers used sunscreens, and 2 of them developed (photo)allergy to UV-absorbers. As a result of our studies, we recommend photopatch testing for olaquindox in pig breeders with photo-distributed dermatitis. This would enable the early recognition of photoallergy to olaquindox and the prevention of persistent light reaction.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Good clinical practice in patch testing: readings beyond day 2 are necessary: a confirmatory analysis. Members of the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology.

BACKGROUND: Despite general recommendations, patch test readings are still sometimes terminated at day 2. OBJECTIVE: The consequences of failure to read patch tests after day 2 and the influence of exposure time to the patches is quantified. METHODS: Patch test data from 9,946 patients with at least one positive reaction at day 2 or later and readings at both days 2 and 3 (from 21,062 patients tested between January 1, 1990, and December 31, 1993) collected by the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology in Germany were analyzed. RESULTS: Comparing results at days 2 and 3, 34.5% of all positive reactions appeared at day 3 only, whereas 8.3% initially judged (weakly) positive were not considered allergic at day 3. Some standard allergens showed specific patterns. Additional positive reactions and an increasing percentage of diminishing reactions can be observed at day 4 (compared with day 3). CONCLUSION: The importance of late reading(s) is emphasized by the proportion of potentially false judgments based on readings at day 2 only.

Allergens↗
PubMed1995

Evaluation of patch test results by use of the reaction index. An analysis of data recorded by the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK).

Results of patch tests performed in 15,553 patients by 18 dermatological departments (members of the German Contact Dermatitis Research Group) and recorded by the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK) were analysed by comparing recently defined reaction indices (RIs). The RIs studied were calculated from the numbers of allergic (a), questionable (q), and irritant (i) reactions (RI = (a-q-i/(a + q + i)), which were obtained using 13 European standard allergens. RIs were calculated for all patients and for separate subgroups defined by age, sex, history of atopic dermatitis, time of allergen exposure (1 versus 2 days), and time of patch test reading (2 or 3 days after allergen application). Higher RIs were consistently obtained when patch tests were applied for 1 day, as compared to 2 days. Readings at 3 days after allergen application resulted in higher RIs than readings after 2 days. In contrast, sex, age, and history of atopic dermatitis of patients were not found to have a consistent influence on the RIs. We suggest that reading after 3 days should be obligatory, and that allergen exposure for 1 day instead of 2 days might make patch test evaluation easier. These suggestions need to be substantiated by data on clinical relevance.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Effect of phototoxic substances on simple biological systems. I. Standardizing the method with furocoumarins].

As a basis for the investigation of new substances in respect of their photosensitization effects, we established and standardized 3 microbiological test systems, which enabled us to do without animal experiments. Using several furocumarines and various sources of light, we performed a comparative study on the eukaryotes, Chlamydomonas reinhardii (CR) and Candida albicans, and the prokaryote, Bacillus subtilis. We found that, if different light qualities were employed, our test systems also allowed a comparison of different substances by means of half-quantitative evaluation of the inhibiting areolas, which appear after exposure. With regard to the furocumarines, 8- and 5-methoxypsoralene (MOP) had the strongest photosensitizing effect under all test conditions. The remaining furocumarines showed decreasing effectiveness from psoralene to trimethylpsoralene (TMP) and imperatorine; psoralene, however, was slightly more effective in CR than 5-MOP. With the exception of CR, TMP had a stronger effect on the micro-organisms than imperatorine.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Contact urticaria caused by rubber gloves].

We present 9 patients with contact urticaria due to rubber gloves. Others have reported an increasing incidence of the disease among females, patients with atopic dermatitis, and hospital personnel. Our data confirm these results. Scarification with water, in which the suspected glove was incubated, is a simple diagnostic method, both reliable and cheap, in order to test the solubility of the allergen(s) in water. In one of our patients, we proved a type-I allergy caused by tetramethyl thiuram disulfide.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Contact allergies caused by bufexamac].

Between 1983 and 1987, there were 24 cases of contact allergy due to bufexamac seen at the Dermatological Hospital of the University of Göttingen. Of these patients, 20 were female und four male. It was noticeable, that the course of disease was particularly protracted and refractory: 16 of 22 patients were hospitalized with an average duration of inpatient treatment of 2.9 weeks. Seven patients had a generalized allergic contact dermatitis. Five patients had used topical preparations containing bufexamac for only one week or less. In 15 of 24 patients, further epidermal sensitization could be found. In all forms of eczematous diseases, especially in patients with chronic eczema, contact allergy to bufexamac should be considered, even if bufexamac preparations were used for only a short time.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Tattooing. A review with special reference to adverse side effects].

Intentional and non-intentional (ornamental and accidental) tattoos are reviewed. First, a survey of the history of tattooing is given and the different motives for being tattooed are discussed. The technique of tattooing and the histological pattern of ornamental tattoos are described. Typical risks are presented in detail. Various methods for the treatment of tattoos are discussed. In the second part, non-intentional (accidental) tattoos are reviewed in respect to etiology, complications and special therapeutic methods.

Dermabrasion↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Epidemiology of contact dermatitis. The information network of departments of dermatology (IVDK) in Germany.

In 1988, the multicenter project "Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK)", including eight university skin hospitals was founded. It now comprises 30 participating centers. At these centers, all patch test results are recorded, together with important anamnestic details and, twice a year, these are sent to the data center at the Göttingen University Skin Hospital. Regular, descriptive analyses of data collected by this epidemiological surveillance system serve the different purposes discussed in this paper: 1) observation of "sentinel events"; e.g. an increase in the proportion of patients tested who were sensitized to a certain allergen, or the identification of certain subgroups at particular risk as a starting point for further research or preventive action, and 2) advancement of good clinical practice in patch testing. In October 1996, a working group of the European Society of Contact Dermatitis (ESCD) called the "European Surveillance System on Contact Allergies (ESSCA)" was established with a similar aim of communal data collection and analysis.

Dermatitis, Contact↗