PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Gilabert

Publications and source records attributed to J Gilabert.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Functional and immunologic protein S in normal pregnant women and in full-term newborns.

Total and free protein S antigen and C4b-binding protein (C4bp) were determined by rocket immuno-electrophoresis, and functional protein S was assayed by a coagulation method, throughout pregnancy and normal puerperium and in a group of normal full-term newborns (FTN). The functional protein S assay is based on a modification of the APTT, using a mixture of test sample, protein S deficient plasma, activated protein C, phospholipids and calcium. This protein S functional assay is specific for protein S since the APTT prolongation by normal plasma was abolished by incubation of plasma with monospecific, rabbit anti-protein S IgG. The ratios of functional protein S/free protein S antigen in healthy men (n = 13) and women (n = 14) were 1.0 +/- 0.13 (mean +/- SD) and 1.03 +/- 0.20, respectively. During pregnancy there is a decrease in functional protein S and a progressive decrease in total and free protein S antigen, with a functional/free protein S ratio of 0.75 +/- 0.28 in the third trimester of pregnancy (n = 16). In early puerperium the functional protein S level was lower than the free protein S antigen level (ratio about 0.5). In the FTN group, the free protein S level was 39% and protein S activity was about 70% that of adults, with a functional/free protein S ratio of 1.84 +/- 0.31. C4bp values were 23.5 +/- 10.3% in the FTN group, and crossed immunoelectrophoresis showed that in this group the major protein S peak corresponded to free protein S.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Changes in the plasma levels of type 1 and type 2 plasminogen activator inhibitors in normal pregnancy and in patients with severe preeclampsia.

This report defines the nature of the molecules responsible for the increased plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) activity in preeclamptic patients and the relationship of these inhibitors to the severity of placental damage in preeclampsia. Clinical groups consisting of pregnant women with either severe preeclampsia or chronic hypertension with superimposed severe preeclampsia, as well as normal pregnant and nonpregnant women, were analyzed in a panel of functional and immunologic assays for PAI-1 and PAI-2. Pure severe preeclamptic patients in their third trimester showed a significant increase in both antigenic (136 ng/mL) and functional (5.76 U/mL) type 1 PAI (PAI-1) as compared with normal third-trimester pregnant women (34.8 ng/mL and 2.57 U/mL, respectively). In contrast, antigenic (186 ng/mL) and functional (5.76 U/mL) levels of type 2 PAI (PAI-2) were significantly lower in the pure severe preeclampsia group as compared with the values of the normal pregnant group (269 ng/mL and 9.58 U/mL, respectively). The patients with chronic hypertension and superimposed severe preeclampsia exhibited PAI-2 levels comparable to those of the pure preeclamptic group, whereas their antigenic and functional PAI-1 levels were intermediate (94 ng/mL and 3.25 U/mL, respectively) between the normal pregnant and the pure preeclamptic groups. During early puerperium of both normal pregnant women and patients, plasma PAI-1 antigen and activity decreased within one day to approximately the levels detected in normal nonpregnant women, while PAI-2 levels remained elevated for over 11 days. Similar results were obtained in plasma samples obtained from citrated blood and blood collected with an anticoagulant/antiplatelet mixture, suggesting that increased PAI-1 levels in preeclamptic patients were not due to platelet activation in vitro. In preeclamptic patients, a positive correlation between birth weight and PAI-2 values was observed (r = .64, P less than .05), whereas birth weight was inversely correlated with both PAI-1 levels and total PAI activity (r = -.6, P less than .005 and r = -.76, P less than .005 respectively). Preeclamptic patients with extensive placental infarction exhibited higher plasma PAI activity (24.1 U/mL v 11.6 U/mL) and PAI-1 values (305 ng/mL v 80.9 ng/mL) than preeclamptic patients without extensive placental infarction. In contrast, PAI-2 levels were reduced in preeclamptic patients with infarction in comparison with those of patients without infarction (141 ng/mL v 212.9 ng/mL). Our data indicate that increases in the level of PAI-1 accounts for the high plasma PAI activity in severe preeclampsia as measured using single-chain t-PA.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Physiological coagulation inhibitors (protein S, protein C and antithrombin III) in severe preeclamptic states and in users of oral contraceptives.

Protein C, protein S and antithrombin III were evaluated in normal pregnancy, severe preeclampsia and chronic hypertension with superimposed severe preeclampsia. The same study was performed on a group of 10 normal women using oral contraceptives. In normal pregnancy a significant decrease in the level of free and total PS was observed in the 2nd trimester of pregnancy and was sustained throughout the remaining months. No significant changes in the levels of protein C and antithrombin III were observed during normal pregnancy. In preeclamptic states a significant decrease in protein C was observed. It was more evident in severe preeclampsia when compared with the normal pregnancy group at similar gestational age. No statistically significant differences in protein S were found when the normal and pathological groups were compared. Antithrombin III decreased only slightly in the severe preeclamptic group. The decrease in protein C and antithrombin III levels in severe preeclampsia could be related with the microthrombotic state that these patients may present. However, the role played by protein S, which decreases during normal pregnancy and in preeclampsia, is not clear. A decrease in the level of total protein S was observed in the group of women using oral contraceptives. No significant changes in protein C and antithrombin III levels were observed in this group.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Congenital hypofibrinogenemia and pregnancy, obstetric and hematological management.

A 27-year-old pregnant woman with severe congenital hypofibrinogenemia was studied from the 18th to the 40th week of pregnancy, after which she had a normal delivery. The results of the quantitative and qualitative fibrinogen studies done on the patient made it possible to rule out associated dysfibrinogenemia. No variations in the concentration and function of fibrinogen were observed during gestation. The only treatment given was a transfusion of fresh plasma prior to delivery. The importance of fibrinogen in maintaining normal placental insertion and the obstetric management of predelivery and delivery are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Assay of protein C in human plasma: comparison of amidolytic, coagulation, and immunochemical assays.

We studied functional protein C activity, both anticoagulant and amidolytic, as well as protein C antigen in 30 normal subjects, several members of a family with congenital protein C deficiency, 18 patients with severe preeclampsia, 27 patients with coronary heart disease, including 15 patients with myocardial infarction and 12 with angina pectoris, 20 patients on stable oral anticoagulant therapy (thrombotest values: 3-12%) and three patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation. Protein C values measured by the coagulant assay were compared to those obtained with amidolytic and immunochemical assays. In all the groups studied, the activity assays (amidolytic and coagulant) correlated significantly with each other as well as with the immunochemical assay. In patients on oral anticoagulant therapy the coagulant assay gave lower protein C values than amidolytic and immunochemical assays. A good correlation was found between immunological and amidolytic protein C assays (r=0.90, p less than 0.001), immunological and coagulant protein C assays (r=0.93, p less than 0.001), and amidolytic and coagulant protein C assays (r=0.95, p less than 0.001) in all the samples studied without including the protein C values of patients on oral anticoagulant therapy. These results allow us to recommend the functional protein C coagulant assay in patients on stable oral anticoagulant therapy because only this assay evaluates the "in vivo" protein C function in these patients.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed1986

Fibrinolytic activity and protein C in preeclampsia.

Various parameters of the fibrinolytic system and antigenic and functional protein C and its inhibitor were studied during normal pregnancy and in patients with preeclampsia. The fast acting tissue-type plasminogen activator inhibitor level was found to increase progressively during normal pregnancy. This increase was more evident in cases of severe preeclampsia (p less than 0.05). No variations were observed in protein C levels in normal pregnancies but a reduction in protein C level was noted in patients with severe preeclampsia (p less than 0.01). In preeclampsia, the protein C inhibitor level was higher than in normal pregnancy; it was also higher in normal pregnancy when compared to the control group.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Soluble fibrin monomer complexes and other hemostatic parameters in patients with intrauterine fetal death.

Hemostatic parameters, especially soluble fibrin monomer complexes, have been studied in 114 patients with intrauterine fetal death. The patients were classified into three groups according to the duration of fetal retention. A correlation was observed between a longer duration of fetal retention and the hemostatic alteration. Moreover, in the groups of patients in which this hemostatic disorder was more evident, an improvement in these alterations was detected after fetal evacuation. A hemorrhagic picture with consumption of coagulation factors and cross-linked fibrin oligomers was detected after uterine evacuation in only 1 case and required an emergency hysterectomy and the administration of blood and plasma. In the rest of the patients, fetal evacuation was sufficient to normalize the parameters and no hemorrhagic complications were observed. The favorable evolution and minimal hemostatic alterations in the majority of the patients with intrauterine fetal death, when early obstetric management was established, are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Abruptio placentae and disseminated intravascular coagulation.

Several parameters of hemostasis have been studied in 19 patients suffering from abruptio placentae. In 10 of them severe hemostatic alterations were detected and in 5, disseminated intravascular coagulation was observed. The patients were divided into four groups according to the severity of their clinical picture. The degree of placental separation was related to the severity and course of the clinical history and to the alterations in hemostasis detected at the most critical clinical moment. The analytical parameters were evaluated after extraction of the thromboplastic material. A good correlation was observed between the severity of the clinical picture and the degree of placental separation and the greatest analytical alteration, especially with cross-linked soluble fibrin monomer complexes (SFMC). In 9 of the 19 patients who showed analytical and/or clinical alterations, an improvement was detected in these alterations after evacuation of the uterus.

Abruptio Placentae↗
PubMed1984

Dysfunctional plasminogen in full term newborn--study of active site of plasmin.

The functional activity and active site of plasmin in full-term newborns have been studied and compared to those in adults in order to investigate the nature of the abnormality found in newborn plasminogen described in a previous paper. The functional activity of newborn plasminogen measured on chromogenic substrate was approximately 18% that of adult plasminogen when streptokinase was used as an activator and 12% when urokinase was used. Proteolysis of newborn plasminogen by urokinase yielding a two-chain plasmin form occurred normally, but the incorporation of diisopropylphosphorofluoridate into the light chain of newborn plasmin was approximately 23% of that observed in the light chain of adult plasmin. These observations suggest that the abnormality of full-term newborn plasminogen is located in the active site of the molecule.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Evaluation of the soluble fibrin monomer complexes and other coagulation parameters in obstetric patients.

The soluble fibrin monomer complexes (SFMC) in 154 obstetric patients with possible disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) were evaluated in SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) after precipitation with B-alanine. Other coagulation tests were performed on these patients. The patients were classified into three groups: A) patients with a clinical history of DIC (6 cases); B) patients with only the analytical alterations of DIC (35 cases); and C) patients who showed pathological obstetric diagnoses but without a clinical nor analytical history of DIC (113 cases). In the three groups, well-defined bands of less electrophoretic mobility than fibrinogen were obtained. A significant increase in the second electrophoretic band was found in group A (5.1 per cent) when compared to group C (0.5 per cent). The second electrophoretic band appeared in greater proportion in the group of patients with an unfavorable clinical evolution.

Abruptio Placentae↗
PubMed1980

Dysfunctional plasminogen in full-term newborn.

Full-term newborns (FTN) plasminogen was evaluated by different techniques (affinity chromatography, immunologic technique, casein method, and chromogenic substrate). The functional activity of the FTN plasminogen was about 50% of that of the adult. This suggests the possible existence of a functional anomaly of plasminogen in FTN. FTN plasminogen aminoacids were studied, and, besides small qualitative anomalies, a decrease in amino acid residues per mole of protein and a different N-terminal amino acid were detected.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Alterations in the coagulation and fibrinolysis system in pregnancy, labour and puerperium, with special reference to a possible transitory state of intravascular coagulation during labour.

Various tests of hemostasis were carried out during pregancy, labour and the puerperium in a group of 259 women. Determinations were carried out in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd trimesters, in the period of dilatation, the expulsion period, the period of expulsion of the placenta and the immediate postpartum period of labour and on each of the first 5 days of the puerperium. It was confirmed that during pregnancy there is an elevation of the fibrinogen degradation products (FDP) levels with a proportional increase in the numbers of positive protamine sulfate and ethanol tests. The proportion of positive protamine sulfate and ethanol tests reaches a maximum in the expulsion of the placenta coinciding with the presence of soluble complexes heavier than fibrinogen as detected by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and by column chromatography. All this indicates that there is a transitory intravascular coagulation produced during labour reaching its maximum at the time of birth and tending to become normalized in the first few days of the puerperium.

Blood Coagulation↗
PubMed1976

Changes in human amniotic fluid fibrinolytic inhibitor levels during pregnancy.

The amniotic fluid (AF) when incubated with the patient's own plasma diminishes the lytic activity of the plasma. It is suggested that this inhibition is due to the presence of fibrinolytic inhibitors in the AF. The inhibitors rate increases as pregnancy advances. Evaluating these inhibitors in a group of 65 women before and after the 38th week of pregnancy, a higher rate of fibrinolytic inhibitors is found after the 38th week. The said differences are statistically significant. For the moment it does not seem that the increasing of the inhibitors in the last part of pregnancy might be used as a fetal maturity test.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1976

Streptokinase resistance test in a group of Mediterranean people and its possible variations as regards sex and age.

A streptokinase resistance test (SK-RT) was studied on a group of people from the Mediterranean coast of Spain. It was found that 87.5% of the studied population required a dose of 250,000 U or less to obtain an adequate neutralization of the circulating antibodies. In none of the cases was the required dose higher than 500,000 U. The average dose was of 132,969 U (SD = 102,269). No significant differences were found between the dose required for men and that required for women. A significantly inferior dose to the average was, however, required for people over 50 years old (x = 112,280, SD = 100,459).

Adolescent↗