PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Gilbert

Publications and source records attributed to J Gilbert.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

The action of aldosterone and ouabain on cation concentrations in incubated renal slices.

Studies have been made on the effects of aldosterone and ouabain on Na+ and K+ concentrations in incubated rat kidney slices. The results indicate that, control slices gained Na+ over the first 10 min of incubation and subsequently extruded it, with increase in incubation time. In the presence of aldosterone, the same pattern was observed as with control slices, but tissue Na+ concentrations were significantly higher at all times. In the presence of ouabain, slices accumulated Na+ continuously, but in the presence of both drugs, tissue Na+ concentrations were not as high as with ouabain alone. Both aldosterone and ouabain increased the loss of cell K+ whereas control slices reaccumulated their intracellular K+ concentration, with increase in incubation time. The results suggest that aldosterone may have an actual mechanism of action in the renal tubule: either by activating two Na+, K+ pumps located on the luminal and serosal membranes, respectively, or by enhancing luminal membrane permeability, and at the same time stimulating Na+, K+-ATPase on the serosal membrane.

Aldosterone↗
PubMed1982

[Factor analysis of the structure-activity relationship of di- and triphenylethylenes in 2 biochemical tests].

This paper deals with the study of biochemical activity, by means of correspondence analysis, of about fifty original molecules of di- and triphenylethylene structures. The pharmacological experiments were made on glutamate deshydrogenase and prostaglandine synthetase. A typology of several molecular groups is established and the effects of various substituents are specified.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Predicting cardiac morbidity based on risk factors and coronary angiographic findings.

A cohort of 189 men was followed up for 1 year after performance of coronary angiography and determination of risk factors to ascertain which risk factors or clinical and laboratory findings could aid in predicting the patients who would have a substantial cardiac morbid event. Data on clinical signs and symptoms, psychosocial assessments, angiographic findings and presence of standard risk factors for coronary artery disease were collected in each case. Twenty-five percent of the men experienced a substantial cardiac morbid event (hospitalization, myocardial infarction, resuscitation or death). With or without inclusion of the patients who underwent surgery, discriminant analysis equations were successful in predicting morbidity on the basis of risk factor data. For the whole sample such analysis was significant at p < 0.00005 and accurately predicting the fate of 78 percent of the subjects. With exclusion of the surgically treated patients, the discriminant analysis accurately predicted future morbidity 83 percent of the time (p < 0.0001). The following risk factors for increased morbidity were common to both analyses: severity of angina, history of myocardial infarction, family history of heart disease, fatigue and absence of type A behavior.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Experimental observations on the effects of leg lengthening by the Wagner Method.

A proximal tibial epiphysiodesis was successfully performed on the right hind legs of 23 young lambs, producing an average shortening of 12% of the total length of the tibia. A lengthener was attached to stainless steel pins which were then tapped into the shortened tibia prior to osteotomy. In 16 of the 23 animals it was possible to lengthen the shortened bone at a rate of 0.5 mm twice daily until the discrepancy was corrected. The gait was normal in most of the animals, all had full knee motion with no thigh atrophy, and 16 had limited hock (ankle) joint motion. Lengthening of the tibia by more than 11% consistently produced muscle changes in the leg and cartilage damage in the hock (ankle) joint. Any malalignment of the tibial fragments during lengthening intensified these changes.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Gas chromatographic determination of vinylidene chloride monomer in packaging films and in foods.

Headspace electron-capture-gas chromatographic methods are described for the quantification of vinylidene chloride monomer in poly(vinylidene chloride) containing films and in film-packaged foodstuffs. Quantification of vinylidene chloride was possible at levels down to 0.001 mg/m2 in the films and 0.005 ppm in the foodstuffs. The results of a small survey of the amounts of this compound in packaging films and foodstuffs purchased from retail outlets are reported.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed1979

Controlled clinical trial of prophylactic human-leukocyte interferon in renal transplantation. Effects on cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus infections.

A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of interferon prophylaxis against viral infections was conducted in renal-transplant recipients receiving standard immunosuprressive therapy with or without antithymocyte globulin. Interferon was administered for six weeks, beginning on the day of transplantation. Cytomegalovirus excretion began earlier and viremia was more frequent in placebo-treated than in interferon-treated patients. Cytomegalovirus viremia correlated with clinical syndromes was more frequent in recipients of antithymocyte globulin. In contrast, neither interferon nor antithymocyte globulin altered excretion of herpes simplex virus. Reversible leukopenia and thrombocytopenia occurred in seven interferon recipients. Patient and graft survival were comparable in interferon and placebo groups. There preliminary results suggest that a six-week course of prophylactic interferon delays shedding of cytomegalovirus and decreases the incidence of viremia after transplantation. In contrast, antithymocyte globulin appears to increase the severity of infection from cytomegalovirus among these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Predicting results of coronary angiography.

This study compares the ability of various risk factor combinations to predict the extent of coronary artery disease found on coronary angiography. Risk factors were measured in 99 patients prior to coronary angiography. Clinical, epidemiological, psychosomatic, and combined orientations were compared as to their ability to predict angiography results. The clinical orientation was the most successful in predicting vessel disease (p less than .0001), followed by the epidemiological model, which was also successful (p less than .03). In contrast, psychosomatic factors were not accurate predictors of vessel disease. By combining all of the orientations, the accuracy of prediction is improved.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Gas chromatographic determination of 1,1,1-trichloroethane in vinyl chloride polymers and in foods.

A gas chromatographic method is described for the quantification of levels of 1,1,1-trichloroethane in vinyl chloride polymer resins and in poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) bottles used in the packaging of foods. By application of electron-capture detection the method can be extended to foods which have been stored in PVC bottles and 1,1,1-trichloroethane can be estimated with a limit of detection in the foodstuff of between 0.002 and 0.01 ppm depending on the food. The results of a small survey of the amounts of this compound in PVC bottles and foodstuffs purchased from retail outlets are reported.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed1978

Identifying and meeting clients' needs in six community mental health centers.

Using an intrument called SNAPOR--Services Needed, Available, Planned, Offered, and Rendered--the authors investigated the mental health service needs of 643 clients in six community mental health centers and the adequacy with which they were met. The centers' intake workers completed the first part of the instrument, immediately after the initial interview, to identify which of 13 services clients needed and to estimate the availability of the services. Follow-up eight weeks later indicated which of the needed services had been offered and which were actually given. Individual sessions and medication were the needs most often identified. The percentages of needed services that were ultimately provided ranged from lows of 3 to 10 per cent, for various kinds of rehabilitation, to a high of 84 per cent, for 24-hour hospitalization.

Community Mental Health Services↗
PubMed1978

[Azotized emetine analogues: synthesis and evaluation of the anti-amebic and anti-tumoral action of aza-3 emetine and attempted synthesis of aza-2 emetine].

The synthesis of the N,N-bis-(acetylhomoveratrylamido)-1-hydroxymethyl and 1-carboxypropylamines (III a) and (III b) is described. Until now, these molecules could not been cyclized to the corresponding isoquinoline compounds. An attempted synthesis of 3-azaemetine by condensing homoveratrylamine with acetonedicarboxylic acid or its esters did not yield the expected diamide (XIV). However, by subjecting 1,3-bis-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6,7-dimethoxy-1-isoquinolyl)acetone (XV) to a reducing aminoalkylation, one obtained the corresponding ethylamino derivative (XVI) which could be cyclized through Mannich reaction to give 3-azaemetine. The pharmacological screening showed 3-azaemetine to be less toxic than emetine in the mouse and without antiamebic and antitumor activity against P 388 Leukaemia in the mouse (25).

Amebicides↗
PubMed1977

Familial idiopathic cerebral calcifications.

Nine members of a family spanning three generations showed bilateral calcifications of the basal ganglia with autosomal dominant inheritance. Two members developed chorea, dementia, and a characteristic speech disturbance (palialalia) in the third or fourth decade. A third member possibly shows the initial stage of a similar syndrome. Six members with calcifications but without neurological signs are younger than 25 years. All nine patients had normal calcium and phosphorus, and no evidence of endocrinological or somatic abnormalities. Thie 'isiopathic' picture must be differentiated from hypoparathyroidism and pseudohypoparathyroidism.

Adult↗