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Biomedical subjects

J Gilquin

Publications and source records attributed to J Gilquin.

29 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Chicken pox and acute monocytic leukaemia skin lesions in an HIV-seropositive man.

Lymphoid neoplasia is now well known to occur in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection but the first case of acute monocytic leukaemia in an HIV-seropositive man has been only recently described. We report the case of an HIV-infected patient who simultaneously developed skin lesions of acute monocytic leukaemia and chicken pox. We suggest that HIV may produce a malignant transformation of monocytic cells.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1990

Zidovudine inhibits functional extracellular monocytic interleukin-1.

Zidovudine (AZT) penetrates human monocytes to exert its antiretroviral activity at the level of reverse transcriptase in infected cells. Stimulation of normal human monocytes with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) results in the transcription of interleukin-1 (IL-1) genes, the intracellular accumulation of IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta precursors, and the subsequent extracellular release of functional IL-1 beta. The present study demonstrates that zidovudine inhibits the extracellular release of IL-1 activity without affecting the generation of intracellular IL-1 or the amount of released IL-1 beta protein. Similar results were observed with monocytes from normal individuals and monocytes from patients with AIDS. Since IL-1 may upregulate the expression of HIV genes in infected cells, the inhibitory effect of zidovudine on the release of functional IL-1 may be relevant for the beneficial effect of the drug in HIV infection.

Extracellular Space↗
PubMed1989

HIV infection is associated with the spontaneous production of interleukin-1 (IL-1) in vivo and with an abnormal release of IL-1 alpha in vitro.

Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is not constitutively produced by normal human monocytes. We have investigated the production of cell-associated IL-1 in uncultured unstimulated adherent monocytes from HIV-infected patients, which reflects ongoing generation of IL-1 by the cells in vivo. High levels of cell-associated IL-1 activity and of cell-associated IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta antigens were found in monocytes from HIV-infected patients as compared with those found in monocytes from normal individuals. Amounts of cell-associated IL-1 were high in patients with AIDS and in patients from Centers for Disease Control groups II and III. Serum-free culture for 24 h of monocytes from HIV-infected individuals in the absence of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) resulted in spontaneous release of IL-1 activity from the cells whereas no release occurred upon culture of normal cells. Stimulation of monocytes with LPS induced the release of IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta from cells of infected patients. Only IL-1 beta was released from cells of normal individuals. Thus, circulating monocytes from HIV-infected patients are triggered to produce IL-1 in vivo. The present study also indicates that HIV infection is associated with an acquired defect in the intracellular processes regulating IL-1 secretion.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗