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Biomedical subjects

J Goffinet

Publications and source records attributed to J Goffinet.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Seroprevalence of antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus in dialysis workers: results of a multi-center study.

The Center for Devices and Radiological Health, in collaboration with the Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Brooklyn, N.Y., conducted a multi-center, multi-institutional study of the seroprevalence of antibodies to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among dialysis workers. Seven dialysis units and 112 dialysis workers participated in the study over a period of 2 years. Participation was limited to dialysis workers who, by questionnaire, denied non-occupational risk factors for HIV infection. The vast majority of the study participants were drawn from areas where the prevalence of HIV infection and AIDS cases are substantially greater than the national average. Study participants received the ELISA test for HIV antibodies. All 112 of the participants tested negative for HIV antibodies. These results are encouraging, as they failed to reveal unrecognized occupational transmission of HIV infection among dialysis workers.

HIV↗
PubMed1986

Immune defects in chronic renal impairment: evidence for defective regulation of lymphocyte response by macrophages from patients with chronic renal impairment on haemodialysis.

Cellular mechanisms contributing to impaired lymphocyte proliferative responses in chronic renal impairment (CRI) were investigated using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 25 patients receiving haemodialysis. Impaired T cell proliferative responses to phytohaemagglutinin were demonstrated. The hyporeactive PBMC from patients with CRI suppressed the responses of PBMC from normals to a greater degree than did control PBMC. This immunosuppression was reversed significantly by depleting adherent monocytes (M phi). To further determine if these impairments might be critically dependent on cell-cell contact, M phi from an additional 10 patients on haemodialysis were examined for ability to support B and T cell colony formation in semi-solid cultures stimulated by Staphylococcus protein A (SpA). When compared to normal controls, significantly fewer B and T cell colonies were observed with M phi from CRI patients than when autologous M phi were used. Also, T cells from patients were significantly less effective than controls in supporting B cell colony growth. Decreased T and B cell colony responses in patients were not due to a primary abnormality of these cells, since allogeneic mixing experiments showed that B and T cells from patients were able to form a sufficient number of colonies when control M phi or T cells from normals were used as accessory and helper cells. These findings suggest that although M phi-mediated suppressor activity is an important mechanism contributing to impaired lymphocyte responsiveness in patients with chronic renal impairment on haemodialysis, additional or related abnormalities in M phi 'accessory' function may also exist.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Effect of hypertonic dialysate and vasodilators on peritoneal dialysis clearances in the rat.

A model for performing peritoneal dialysis in the rat was established which permitted the consistent measurement of dialysis clearances. The effects on urea and inulin clearances of interperitoneal vasodilators and 4.25% dextrose were compared. Isoproterenol, nitroprusside, histamine, and bradykinin, when added to 1.5% dextrose dialysate for three consecutive exchanges, all produced approximately a 20% increase in urea and inulin dialysis clearances. These increases in clearances persisted in the three subsequent exchanges when no drugs were added to the dialysate. The addition of isoproterenol, nitroprusside, or histamine to six consecutive exchanges did not produce a further increment in clearances. The use of 4.25% dextrose dialysate for three exchanges produced approximately a 50% increase in urea and inulin clearances. Clearances remained about 35% greater than control values in the subsequent three 1.5% dextrose exchanges.

Animals↗