PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Gorczyca

Publications and source records attributed to J Gorczyca.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Vascular system of the human spinal cord in the prenatal period: a dye injection and corrosion casting study.

The vascularization of the spinal cord was investigated in 50 human fetuses aged from 10 to 28 gestational weeks using dye injection methods and corrosion casting accompanied by scanning electron microscopy. In the investigated period of fetal development, the general vascular architecture of the spinal cord, corresponding to that described postnatally, seemed to be already established. The observed changes included: (1) remodeling of the supplying (extrinsic) arterial branches, (2) transformation of the posterior anastomotic chain into two distinct posterior spinal arteries, and (3) development of the capillary networks in the gray and white matter. The remodeling of the radicular arteries supplying the spinal cord was accompanied by a decrease in their number and transition from regular to irregular distribution (appearance of intersegmental differences in their frequency). The anterior spinal artery and regular array of the central arteries were already present in the youngest fetuses examined, but the final remodeling of the posterior anastomotic chain into two posterior spinal arteries occurred between 15th and 20th week of fetal life indicating that the vascularization of the anterior region of the spinal cord in the investigated period of fetal life was more advanced as compared with that of the posterior region. The capillary network of the gray matter in the youngest fetuses had the form of discrete glomerular plexuses supplied by groups of central arteries and mainly vascularizing the anterior horns. Successively, the plexuses fused to form a continuous system along the anterior columns and the system expanded to fully vascularize the posterior horns. The white matter in the earlier fetal period seemed to be partially avascular, later the density of capillaries vascularizing those areas was still much lower than in the gray matter. The veins showed considerably greater variability than the arteries, as far as their topography and distribution was concerned. High tortuosity characterized the superficial veins, especially in the younger fetuses, although the degree of tortuosity differed even between individual fetuses. Only anterior spinal and central arteries were usually accompanied by their venous counterparts, the other veins seemed to have no regular topographical relations with the arteries.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed2001

Vascular architecture of normal human urinary bladder and its remodeling in cancer, as revealed by corrosion casting.

The vasculature of normal human urinary bladder wall and its tumors were studied using corrosion casting and scanning electron microscopy. In the normal wall, a regular organization of highly tortuous horizontal and vertical vessels allows accommodation of the vascular system to spatial changes resulting from the filling/voiding cycle. The vasculature of tumors is a result of remodeling of preexisting wall vessels associated with gradual growth of the neoplastic tissue. The shape and arrangement of blood vessels in different regions of the tumor seem to reflect a variable dynamics of tumor development and possible influence of various angiogenesis-promoting growth factors.

Blood Vessels↗
PubMed1999

Architecture of blood vessels in human fetal gastric corpus: a corrosion casting study.

Vascular architecture of the gastric corpus was investigated in 16-24 wk human fetuses using a corrosion casting technique and the scanning electron microscopy. The general distribution of blood vessels seen in adults has already been established in the fetus, with three major vascular plexuses located in the serosa, submucosa and mucosa. The serosal plexus, supplied and drained by large extramural vessels, contained anastomosing, arcade-like arrays of arteries and veins with their branches piercing the muscularis and communicating with the compact submucosal plexus. Vertical arterioles and capillaries were sent by submucosal arteries to supply a very dense capillary plexus which surrounded the gastric pits and consisted of wide, sinusoidal vessels showing morphological manifestations of angiogenesis by intussusceptive growth. The plexus was drained by vertical venules emptying into submucosal veins. In contrast to the richly vascularized upper half of the mucosa, the lower half showed a relative paucity of blood vessels, probably due to the thinness of the fetal mucosa allowing an effective diffusion of oxygen and nutrients from the upper half. Neither arteriovenous anastomoses, nor end-arteries were found in the fetal stomach. Results of this study support one of the two existing models of mucosal vascularization in the human stomach: i.e. the model postulating the presence of short and long arterioles and two distinct, albeit interconnected capillary networks in the upper and lower zones of the mucosa respectively. In human fetuses, the latter network is absent; it probably develops by remodelling of the preexisting vertical capillaries in the last phase of pregnancy, prior to the onset of gastric gland function.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Microcirculation of human fetal posterior root ganglia: a scanning electron microscopic study of corrosion casts.

The vasculature of lumbar posterior root ganglia was investigated in human fetuses aged 17-24 weeks; using the corrosion casting technique and scanning electron microscopy. The arterial supply consisted of one main artery and occasional arterioles entering the ganglion at its pole and running axially, while the venous drainage was located at the periphery of the ganglion, thus indicating a centrifugal pattern of blood flow. The dense capillary network of the ganglion showed the roughly parallel course of the vessels in the central zone and an irregular arrangement in the peripheral zone where capillaries formed "nests", probably surrounding individual perikaryons of ganglionic cells. The capillaries had a sinusoidal character with numerous dilatations about twice the normal capillary size, as well as occasional larger vascular spaces resulting from capillary interconnections and suggesting the intussusceptive type of angiogenesis.

Capillaries↗
PubMed1997

The architecture of internal blood vessels in human fetal vertebral bodies.

The internal vascular system of vertebral bodies was investigated in 17-24 wk human fetuses by acrylic dye injection and by corrosion casting/scanning electron microscopy. The regions of intervertebral spaces did not contain blood vessels. The radial metaphyseal vessels were at the stage of centripetal ingrowth into the vertebral body cartilage and their terminal, blindly ending segments had a form of cuff-like capillary plexuses. The anterolateral equatorial arteries communicating with the vessels of the ossification centre were only rarely found. The centre was usually supplied by 2 posterior (nutrient) arteries which branched into an arcade-like array of arterioles equipped with occasional sphincters and giving origin to a dense network of peripherally located capillaries. Numerous blind capillary buds formed the advancing border of the ossification centre. The veins usually accompanied the arteries. In the ossification centre the venous compartment consisted of sinuses drained by larger posterior veins. In the 17 wk fetus, an axial avascular area was observed in the place of notochord localisation, indicating the formation of a ring-shaped ossification centre around the notochord remnants at earlier stages of fetal development.

Corrosion Casting↗
PubMed1995

Low friction arthroplasty at 10 to 20 years. Consequences of plastic wear.

One hundred eighty-seven patients, in whom 224 low friction arthroplasties were done by 1 surgeon from 1972 to 1983, were observed for 10 to 20 years. An attempt was made to reassess each patient annually. Pain, walking, and passive range of motion were graded on a 6-point scale (d'Aubigné and Postel assessment). Active movements, straight leg raising, and abduction against gravity were recorded in degrees. The average scores, based on 224 assessments done preoperatively, 1914 assessments done during the first 10 years, and 590 assessments done during the second 10 years, were as follows: pain--3.28, 5.71, and 5.59 points; walking--3.34, 5.16, and 4.87 points; passive range of motion--3.42, 4.61, and 4.54 points; straight leg raising--40.5 degrees, 60.8 degrees, and 54.9 degrees points; and abduction against gravity--8.8 degrees, 24.3 degrees, and 19.0 degrees points. The percentage of cases with no cement-bone interface demarcation based on > 2000 radiologic observations was as follows: cup Zone I--9.9%, Zone II--26.4%, and Zone III--26.3%; and femoral Zone 1--72.5%, Zone 2--96.7%, Zone 3--94.2%, Zone 4--89.6%, Zone 5--96.7%, Zone 6--96.3%, and Zone 7-72.6%. A relationship was seen between wear of the socket, and cup migration and revision, development of femoral endosteal erosions (significant at 95% confidence level), and femoral prosthesis migration and revision. Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene particles that migrate to the cement-bone interface are believed to be an important cause of loosening and failure in total hip arthroplasty.

Female↗
PubMed1995

Arterial vascularization of the terminal ileum in human fetuses.

In 67 human fetuses of the crown-rump length from 58 mm to 285 mm (10 to 28 weeks of fetal age) the variability of the arterial vascularization of the terminal ileum was studied using the injection method. Three main angiomorphological types were distinguished on the basis of the frequency of occurrence of the ileocolic artery and the superior mesenteric artery ramifications and their contribution to vascularization of this part of the alimentary canal. Most frequent was found type I [46.3%] in which arterial supply of the terminal ileum stemmed from the recurrent ileal artery only or from the recurrent ileal artery and the superior recurrent artery. The type II [43.3%] was observed less frequently. In this type the terminal ileum was supplied by the recurrent ileal artery and the ileal branch of the ileocolic artery. In the most seldom type III [10.4%] the terminal ileum was vascularized by the stem of the superior mesenteric artery. The results were compared with those reported by other authors who studied the similar problem in adults.

Female↗
PubMed1994

Blood vessels in epiphyseal cartilage of human fetal femoral bone: a scanning electron microscopic study of corrosion casts.

Formation of intrachondral vessels (cartilage canals) in the proximal femoral epiphysis was studied in 13- to 22-week-old human fetuses using a corrosion casting technique and scanning electron microscopy. Several successive morphological stages of angiogenesis occurring inside the hyaline cartilage were distinguished. The process of cartilage vascularization starts with the formation of hairpin loops sent off from the perichondrial vascular network into the adjacent cartilage. A capillary glomerulus is then formed at the leading end, and the entire vascular unit grows in length, assuming a mushroom-like shape. Its further elongation is accompanied by a backward expansion of the capillary network which surrounds a pair of main vessels (arteriole and venule) like a manchette. The subsequent branching of such primary vascular units proceeds according to the same morphological patterns. The resulting tree-like vascular formations become interconnected via their lateral branches. This study clearly supports the invasion theory of cartilage canal formation.

Blood Vessels↗
PubMed1994

The vascular architecture of human fetal oviduct: a scanning electron microscopic study of corrosion casts.

Vascular architecture was investigated, in 18-21 week old human fetuses, for the first time with the use of corrosion casting and scanning electron microscopy, which offer high resolution and three-dimensional images of the vascular networks. The general arrangement of large vessels was similar to that described for the mature oviduct; however, the intramural vasculature of the muscular layer and mucosal folds consisted predominantly of capillary and sinusoidal networks. A characteristic feature of the fetal oviduct was a prominent sub-serosal venous plexus, which was most extensive in the isthmic segment. The relatively low degree of differentiation found in the fetal oviduct vasculature seems to reflect its functional immaturity.

Arteries↗
PubMed1994

The vascular system of human fetal long bones: a scanning electron microscope study of corrosion casts.

The vascular system of the femur and humerus was investigated in 17-24 wk human fetuses by scanning electron microscopy of corrosion casts. The number of nutrient foramina present in both bones ranged from 1 to 3 and the number of nutrient vessels associated with individual foramina also varied. The medullary arteries supplied both the bone cortex and marrow. There was no arterial supply to the shaft cortex from the periosteal side, where only capillaries were found to enter the bone. The metaphyses were supplied and drained by conspicuous vascular triads composed of an artery and 2 veins. In the marrow cavity, 2 morphologically different areas of the fine vascular network could be distinguished: diaphyseal sinusoids and metaphyseal capillaries forming a 'vascular besom' which was abruptly demarcated by the growth plate cartilage. The cortical microvascular bed was composed of capillaries and more numerous irregular sinusoids. The 2 main vascular systems, nutrient and periosteal, were interconnected not only via the network of cortical capillaries/sinusoids, but also by larger arteries and veins traversing the cortex. The features of the vascular system of human fetal long bones suggest its considerable functional flexibility and its capacity to modify blood flow patterns depending on circumstances.

Arteries↗
PubMed1994

Microcirculation of human fetal tooth buds: a SEM study of corrosion casts.

The microcirculation of tooth buds at the bell stage obtained from 5-month-old human fetuses was studied using corrosion casting and scanning electron microscopy. Each tooth bud has two independent vascular networks: one of the enamel organ and one of the dental papilla. Both systems are supplied by vertical branches of the inferior alveolar artery. The vascular bed of the enamel organ consists of capillaries relatively uniform in shape, forming a moderately dense network with irregular meshes. In contrast, the vasculature of dental papilla is extremely dense and its vessels show a sinusoidal character and signs of a vivid angiogenesis. The cast surfaces of capillaries in both vascular systems show the presence of tiny blebs probably representing extravasations of the casting medium through endothelial fenestrations.

Corrosion Casting↗
PubMed1993

Microvascular system of the human fetal inner ear: a scanning electron microscopic study of corrosion casts.

The vascular system of the inner ear was investigated in 18-21 weeks old human fetuses, using the corrosion cast technique in scanning electron microscopy. At that developmental stage, vascularization of the cochlea and semicircular canals shows a pattern very similar to that described for adults. The most important differences which can be regarded as fetal features include: (1) denser limbus vessels, (2) the marginal vessels of the spiral lamina appearing as irregular network which shows a less clear arcade-like arrangement, (3) some radiating arterioles of the spiral lamina and marginal vessels possessing connections with the vascular system of the external wall, and (4) a dense, sinusoidal network of draining venules at scala tympani. These features apparently disappear during the final remodelling of the inner ear microvasculature in the last trimester.

Blood Vessels↗
PubMed1993

The course and branching of the ileocolic artery in human fetuses.

The injection method was used to study the course and division of ileocolic artery in 67 human fetuses of the crown-rump length of 127 to 285 mm (15 to 28 weeks of fetal age). A significant variability was demonstrated in the number, diameter and the branching site of the ileocolic artery. On the basis of the thus adopted criteria, classification types of the studied artery were established.

Arteries↗
PubMed1993

Blood vascular organization of the walls of vermiform appendix from human fetus. Examination of vascular corrosion casts in SEM.

Ten human vermiform appendices obtained from fetal corpses (160.0-240.0 mm of CRL) were examined using injection-micro corrosion method. Blood vascular bed reproduced with this method was observed with scanning electron microscope (SEM). Blood vascular bed structure of foetal appendix has been described, simultaneously with produced by them plexuses and organisation of microcirculation in a wall of the appendix. Collected results have been compared with data of other authors who conducted similar research on adult human appendices and appendices of several animal species.

Appendix↗
PubMed1992

Arterial vascularization of the vermiform appendix in human fetus.

In 50 human fetuses of the crown-rump length ranging from 88 mm to 185 mm (12 to 20 weeks), the variability of the arterial vascularization of the vermiform appendix was investigated using the injection method. 3 vascularization types were distinguished on the basis of the size and number of the supplying arteries. The obtained results were compared with those reported by other authors who studied vermiform appendix vascularization in adults. In most cases the vermiform appendix is supplied by single ramus arising from ileocolic artery.

Appendix↗
PubMed1987

Tibial fractures with infrapopliteal arterial injuries.

Tibial fractures with associated infrapopliteal arterial injuries have been inadequately documented in the literature. Eighteen patients with these injuries were admitted to Boston City Hospital during a 10-year period. Three patients required below-knee amputation, and two of these had ischemic intervals of greater than 8 h before vascular treatment. Six patients had delayed diagnoses of arterial injuries, but none required amputation. There were 15 open and three closed tibial fractures. Nine fractures were badly comminuted. Eight of the 14 viable limbs had delayed unions, but only one was associated with local vascular insufficiency. Five patients had complaints attributed to vascular insufficiency without clinical findings. Our conclusion is that the limb with an infrapopliteal arterial insult combined with a tibial fracture can survive with patency of only the anterior tibial or posterior tibial artery. Poor clinical results correlate with the severity of bony injury and not with the particular arterial injury. The incidence of below-knee amputation can best be related to delay in vascular treatment.

Adolescent↗