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Biomedical subjects

J Gormally

Publications and source records attributed to J Gormally.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1983

A study of factors influencing hydration of sodium hyaluronate from compressibility and high-precision densimetric measurements.

A study of the factors influencing the hydration of the biopolymer hyaluronic acid was made by compressibility and density measurements. The factors investigated were the hydration changes on glycosidic bond formation, and also the influence of counterion type, solution ionic strength and temperature. The results indicate that, with this biopolymer, the hydration of the glucuronate residue is significantly more than that of the N-acetylglucosamine residue, and further that the biopolymer is less hydrated than the sum of its component monosaccharide residues. Change of the counterion salt form of this polyelectrolyte from univalent to bivalent counterion type (Na+ to Ca2+) leads to a small though significant increase in the total hydration sheath surrounding the polymer. An increase in the background ionic strength of the solvent leads to a quantifiable lowering of the hydration of the polymer at physiological ionic strength compared with its value in salt-free aqueous solution. A decrease in hydration with increase in temperature in the range 20-50 degrees C is the opposite of previous reports, and was observed when the polymer was dissolved both in pure water and in 0.15 M-NaCl.

Acetylglucosamine↗
PubMed1982

The assessment of binge eating severity among obese persons.

The purpose of this study was to conduct an assessment of binge eating severity among obese persons. Two questionnaires were developed. A 16-item Binge Eating Scale was constructed describing both behavioral manifestations (e.g., eating large amounts of food) and feeling/cognitions surrounding a binge episode (e.g., guilt, fear of being unable to stop eating). An 11-item Cognitive Factors Scale was developed measure two cognitive phenomena thought to be related to binge eating: the tendency to set unrealistic standards for a diet (e.g., eliminating "favorite foods") and low efficacy expectations for sustaining a diet. The results showed that the Binge Eating Scale successfully discriminated among persons judged by trained interviewers to have either no, moderate or severe binge eating problems. Significant correlation between the scales were obtained such that severe bingers tended to set up diets which were unrealistically strict while reporting low efficacy expectations to sustain a diet. The discussion highlighted the differences among obese persons on binge eating severity and emphasized the role of cognitions in the relapse of self control of eating.

Adult↗