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Biomedical subjects

J Griffet

Publications and source records attributed to J Griffet.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Risks linked to mobile phone use and how they are portrayed in the media: examples from three daily newspapers].

This study analyses how three French daily newspapers (Liberation, Le Monde, Le Figaro) convey information on the risks associated with mobile phone use in the period from 1995 to 2002. Quantitatively, the physical risks inherent to the low-intensity, electro-magnetic waves are most frequently reported, followed by those linked to mobile phone use while driving. "Social" risks, such as those related to noise or uncivil behaviour, are amongst the most rarely communicated. In general, the media present two types of physical risks connected to mobile phone use: the collective ones, which cover the low-intensity electro-magnetic waves which are emitted from the antennas on signal base stations, and the individual ones, which concem the waves produced by the mobile phone itself, and the danger associated with its use by a driver while operating a motor vehicle. Controversy surrounding the current scientific studies and the uncontrollable character of the risks linked to the low-intensity, electro-magnetic waves instill much more fear and debate than around those related to the combination of driving while talking on the telephone. While this latter point is scientifically proven, it is also subjectively under control.

Attitude to Health↗
PubMed2004

[Talus bipartitus].

Talus bipartitus is an exceptional congenital malformation consisting in the presence of two non-fused bony talar fragments. We report the case of an adolescent girl who complained of mechanical pain in the left ankle which became increasingly invalidating. Plain radiographs, CT-scan and MRI led to the diagnosis of this congenital anomaly: talus bipartitus. Surgical correction by subtalar arthrodesis provided improvement at the cost of reduced ankle mobility. Surgical treatment should be proposed for talus bipartitus in patients with invalidating pain or stiffness when rehabilitation fails to provide sufficient improvement.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Management of seat-belt syndrome in children. Gravity of 2-point seat-belt.

We present our experience with a management of seat-belt syndrome in three children and draw particular attention to the severity of two-point fixation seat-belt injuries after a motor vehicle accident with 5 passengers whose vehicle was struck head-on by an oncoming vehicle. The parents were sitting in front, Adeline had a 2-point lap seat-belt, the 2 other children had 3-point seat-belts. The parents both had humerus fractures. The 4-year-old brother suffered a cervical and abdominal trauma with renal and splenic contusions and intestinal perforations. Adeline suffered multiple injuries, notably to the head, spine and abdominal viscera with erosions at the site of lap-seat-belt contact. The spinal injury was an L2 angular Chance fracture associated with paraplegia on the 7th day. Operative findings included a transverse tear of the left rectus abdominus muscle, an incomplete transection of the stomach and perforation of the ileum. The injuries were ultimately fatal. Given associated abdominal pain, skin erosions at the site of seatbelt contact, spinal fracture, and rectal muscle disruption apparent on emergency laparotomy, early diagnosis is important for better prognosis.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed2001

Acute postural adaptations induced by a shoe lift in idiopathic scoliosis patients.

The objective of this study was to identify acute spinal and three-dimensional postural adaptations induced by a shoe lift in a population of idiopathic scoliosis (IS) patients. Forty-six IS patients (mean age: 12 +/- 2 years) were evaluated radiologically and with a stereovideographic system for pelvic obliquity. Based on the initial postural and radiological evaluation, a pertinent shoe lift height was chosen for each with the result that 12 patients were tested with 5-mm (S5) lifts, 20 patients were tested with 10-mm (S10) lifts, and 14 patients with 15-mm (S15) lifts. The posture for all 46 patients was then re-evaluated and a spinal radiograph obtained for 14 patients. The implementation of a shoe lift independent of the type of curve and amplitude significantly decreased the Cobb angle. As expected there was a change in the vertical height of the left tibial plateau and greater trochanter that induced a change in pelvic tilt. There was also a significant increase in the vertical height of S1 and T1. There was a significant change in the left and right iliac bone version, as well as a decrease in the difference in version between these two bones. The implementation of the shoe lifts also changed the lateral shift of the pelvis. A relative change between the shoulders and pelvis for tilt and anteroposterior shift was also found to be significant. In conclusion, using a shoe lift resulted in acute postural adaptations which specifically affected the spine and the three-dimensional position and orientation of the pelvis and shoulder girdle.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMed2000

Relationship between gibbosity and Cobb angle during treatment of idiopathic scoliosis with the SpineCor brace.

The objective of this study was to quantify the relationship between gibbosity and spinal deformation expressed by the angle of Cobb before and during treatment with a brace for different classes of idiopathic scoliosis patients. As part of the standard treatment with the Dynamic Corrective Brace (SpineCor), 89 idiopathic scoliosis patients underwent an initial radiological examination and gibbosity measurement with a scoliometer wearing and not wearing the brace. The 89 patients were classified in relation to the apex of the scoliosis curves: thoracic (n = 29); thoracolumbar (n = 40); lumbar (n = 7) and double (n = 13). With the dynamic corrective brace, the patients showed a mean decrease of 8.3 degrees for the major Cobb angle, and a mean decrease of 2.3 degrees for their gibbosity. There was a significant positive relationship between gibbosity and Cobb angle with and without the brace for the thoracic and thoracolumbar curves. A linear regression analysis identified a small mean estimation error for the thoracic curves (7.4 degrees no-brace; 2.7 degrees with brace) and thoracolumbar curves (5.2 degrees no-brace; 5.3 degrees with brace), indicating a predictive potential of the scoliometer. The measure of gibbosity with the scoliometer provides a fairly reliable estimation of Cobb angle at the initial clinical examination of a scoliosis patient. However, when initial Cobb angle and gibbosity are considered, the measure of gibbosity when wearing a brace provides the clinician with a highly reliable estimation of the Cobb angle while in a brace. This relationship also exists for the follow-up with a brace, permitting a judgement of the patient's evolution under the treatment with SpineCor.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Absence of congenital prethrombotic disorders in children with Legg-Perthes disease.

Resistance to activated protein C (RPCA) and other congenital prethrombotic disorders have been recently reported to be strongly associated with Legg-Perthes disease. RPCA and deficiencies of protein C, protein S, and antithrombin III were sought in 22 children with Legg-Perthes disease. Detection of the factor V Leiden mutation was found in children with RPCA. Twenty-two healthy children paired by age and sex served as controls. The prevalence of congenital prethrombotic disorders was not found to differ significantly among patients with Legg-Perthes disease and among control subjects. Only one patient had RPCA; this patient was heterozygous for the factor V Leiden mutation. Twenty patients and all the control subjects had entirely normal coagulation results. The authors conclude that unless more data become available, RPCA and deficiencies of protein C, protein S, and antithrombin III should not be considered associated with Legg-Perthes disease.

Activated Protein C Resistance↗
PubMed2000

Duplication of the leg--renal agenesis: congenital malformation syndrome.

A case is given of a male born with a duplication of the left leg and ipsilateral kidney agenesis. Although the etiology is unknown, we believe this association represents a congenital malformation syndrome. It is a polytopic developmental field defect. The growth factor IGF-I produced by the intermediary mesoderm or mesonephros (embryonary kidney) could be implicated in the induction limb development and the application of FGF-8 protein to the flank of young chick embryos inducing the development of additional limbs. It is possible that one or more of the growth factors produced by the mesonephros take some cells of the intermediary mesoderm out of their renal way to form a supernumerary limb.

Fibroblast Growth Factor 8↗
PubMed1999

Osteosynthesis of diaphyseal fracture by Ossatite experimental study in rat.

In order to develop a biodegradable interlocking nail for fracture fixation, hydoxylapatite pins and paste were implanted in the femoral bone of rats. A distal fracture was performed. The union and the tissue reaction to hydroxylapatite versus stainless-steel rods were studied after 15 days, 1, 2 and 6 months implantation. Metal pins induced a union. Hydroxylapatite pins (Ossatite) did not prevent callus formation, but did not lead to consolidation in all cases due to weakness of gelatin matrix binding the apatite particles together. The biocompatibility of material is satisfactory and the osteo-inductive properties of hydroxylapatite was confirmed. With injectable Ossatite , we could not obtain rat femoral fracture consolidation. We can confirm good biomaterial tolerance in bone which contrasts with important soft tissue reactions. Use of such material should be carefully limited to filling intra-osseous cavities.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Diaphyseal fractures treated by polylactide and hydroxyapatite pins. Experimental study in rat.

In order to develop a biodegradable interlocking nail for fracture fixation, polylactic acid (PLA) pins and hydoxyapatite pins were implanted in the femoral bone in rats. A distal fracture was performed. The union and the tissue reaction to PLA and hydroxyapatite versus stainless steel rods were studied after 15 days, 1, 2 and 6 months implantation. Metal and PLA pins induced a union. Hydroxyapatite pins (Ossatite) did not prevent callus formation, but did not lead to consolidation in all cases because of weakness of the gelatin matrix binding the apatite particles together. PLA and stainless steel pins induced the same union and a similar tissue reaction during the studied implantation of 6 months. The biocompatility of Ossatite is satisfactory and the osteo-inductive properties of hydroxyapatite was confirmed. With injectable Ossatite, we could not obtain rat femoral fracture consolidation. We can confirm good biomaterial tolerance in bone which contrasts with important soft tissue reactions. Use of such material should be carefully limited to filling intra-osseous cavities.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1999

Intramedullary nailing of forearm fractures in children.

Forearm fractures are very common in children. They are usually treated orthopedically. For the last few years, Métaizeau's elastic stable nailing has been used in the authors' hospital. This study is based on 80 children with forearm fractures treated with intramedullary nailing: 64 boys and 16 girls, aged 6 to 16 (23 right sides, 58 left sides: 81 fractures). Nailing was performed 67 times for a displaced fracture, 3 times for a recurrent fracture, 3 times after a secondary displacement, and 7 times in patients with multiple injuries. Sound union was normally achieved in 78 patients, and normal motion in 79. Ten children experienced complications, but only complications involving the skin and sepsis were due to the technique. The seven skin complications (three in the ulnar fractures, and four in the radial fractures) consisted of three major local infections, one radial osteomyelitis, and three minor local nonunion of skin. One patient had limited thumb extension, and two patients fell a second time. One advantage of the method described here is that plaster casts are avoided, allowing children to go back to school early. Sound union is achieved as quickly as with orthopedic treatment, and recovery is excellent.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Endodermal cyst of the foramen magnum: case report and review of the literature.

The majority of endodermal cysts occur in the cervicothoracic spine, ventral to the cord. Intracranial locations are rare. We report a case involving the foramen magnum in a 14-year-old child, which was an incidental finding following a traumatic head injury. A review of the literature revealed six other cases involving this same location. These lesions are asymptomatic for a long time, and may cause brain stem medullary compression. Treatment is surgical. Effective simple removal can be achieved by a posterior approach.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Presentation of GTB orthoses for hyperlordotic treatment of idiopathic scoliosis.

Screening of scoliosis means it is possible to make an early diagnosis. Treatment is started when the angle reading is still quite low but as soon as it has been proven that the scoliosis is progressive. A 3-D examination of the scoliosis makes it possible to have a better understanding of its development, which is in kyphosis at lumbar level and in lordosis at thoracic level. It would seem logical that in order to prevent a lumbar scoliosis becoming kyphotic, lordosis must be maintained and if necessary, a hyperlordosis created. The same applies to the thoracic curve when attempting to restore a thoracic kyphosis with a lumbar hyperlordosis. We have developed new orthoses with the correction principle based on creating a lumbar hyperlordosis. Correction of the translation is the second correction principle. In theory, correction involves: a translation (convex lateral pressure) and a hyperlordosis which puts back in place the convex articular facet (posterior pressure). With these two principles in mind, the aim of the orthosis is to invert the torsion movement and to avoid pressure in the opposite direction of the deformity. We have maintained the principle of a single shell made of ribbed polypropylene to produce a brace which is both light and strong. There are three types of models depending on the spine curve: the short GTB 1 brace for lumbar curves, the long GTB 2 brace for thoracic and double curves, the long or short GTB 3 brace depending on the upper end vertebra for thoraco-lumbar curves.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Melorheostosis: complications of a tibial lengthening with the Ilizarov apparatus.

Melorheostosis is a rare bone dysplasia, exceptionally described in childhood. It has been discovered in a 12-year-old boy who had a hemimelic affection associated with straw-berry skin marks. A 25 mm inequality of length of the lower limbs and a valgus deformation of the ankle resulting in a claudication and gonalgia requiring surgical correction. A reaxation and a progressive lengthening with the Ilizarov apparatus has been performed. Non-consolidation and a secondary bone infection led to the necessity of formation of a soleus flap. Consolidation and healing were finally obtained. In addition to vascular complications to be feared in this disease during surgical treatment, we have to take into consideration the absence of consolidation when the osteotomy is not performed on a safe bone.

Child↗
PubMed1996

[Percutaneous drainage of septic hip arthritis in children].

INTRODUCTION: Hip arthritis is a therapeutic emergency which requires sure diagnosis and pus evacuation. Two methods are presently in use: isolated or oriterative punction and arthrotomy. TECHNIQUE: A Pleurocath is introduced under general anesthesia and under fluoroscopic control by an obturator approach. It contains a perforated trocart which allows a flexible catheter, perforated over the last few centimeters to be inserted. The introduction point must be as far posterior as possible, in the plane of the anterior border of the femoral neck to promote declivious downward. It allows for pus evacuation, confirmation of the diagnosis and bacteriological samples to be taken. The lavage is done using ionized polyvidone dilution in physiological saline solution. The catheter is inserted in the center of the trocart and pushed intra-articularly under fluoroscopic control. The trocart is pulled out. The catheter is fixed on the skin using non resorbable thread. An occlusive dressing is made. A three way cock is installed for aspiration and lavage. Drainage is declivious. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This percutaneous drainage technique was used in three cases of septic hip arthritis in children. Treatment associated drainage, immobilization by traction and double or triple intravenous antibiotics. The hips healed without any detrimental effects. DISCUSSION: The punction had both a diagnosis and a therapeutic objective, as it allows pus evacuation in the same time. It can be repeated according to the patient's progress. Most authors prefer arthrotomy with careful lavage and good drainage. We suggest an intermediate technique which includes punction and allows clinical and bacteriological diagnosis, joint lavage and drainage. Using permanent drainage, the hip joint is protected from high pressure. It makes repeated lavage possible when the pus is thick, and avoids the drain from becoming plugged. CONCLUSION: This approach enables the pus to be evacuated, bacteriological samples to be taken, lavage and drainage. The drainage must be left until apyrexia and normal biological inflammation criteria are obtained.

Arthritis, Infectious↗
PubMed1994

Pedicled greater omentum transferred to the spine in a case of postoperative infection.

An alternate surgical treatment was proposed in a case of vertebral postoperative chronic infection. The combination of an anterior omental flap with a posterior internal fixation plus bone grafting was successful, allowing the patient to walk 8 weeks after surgery. This relatively short recovery period compares favorably with the long months of confinement to bed usually required after an all-anterior approach with bone grafting only.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

[Prevention of scar formation by polyglactin 910 (Vicryl) mesh after lumbar laminectomy in the rat].

Laminectomy in lumbar spine surgery often produces disabling adhesive arachnoiditis. We have tested, on the rat, polyglactin 910 mesh with collagen or not, with a mail 0.9 mm large. We have used 34 Wistar male rats. L5 laminectomy were realised on all the rats. Rats were ranged in four groups: group 1: control, L5 laminectomy alone, 6 months follow up--group 2: one month follow up, L5 laminectomy, vicryl mesh with collagen or not--group 3: two months follow up, L5 laminectomy, vicryl mesh with collagen or not--group 4: six months follow up, L5 laminectomy, vicryl mesh with collagen or not. On 28 rats, the histologic study have demonstrated: group 1 control: important and adhesive fibrosis scar--group 2: no or minimal reaction--group 3: fibroblastic or few cellular, non or little adhesive fibrosis--group 4: moderate adhesive fibrosis in half of the cases with vicryl mesh without collagen, minimal non adhesive fibrosis with collagen vicryl mesh.

Animals↗