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Biomedical subjects

J Griffiths

Publications and source records attributed to J Griffiths.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Mouse strain differences in plasma corticosterone following uncontrollable footshock.

Exposure to acute inescapable footshock provoked marked increases of plasma corticosterone concentrations in six strains of mice (A/J, Balb/cByJ, C57BL/6J, C3H/HeJ, DBA/2J and CD-1). However, the magnitude of the increase, as well as the time required for corticosterone to return to control values, varied appreciably across strains. Moreover, it appeared that the strain-specific corticoid increases ordinarily observed after acute shock were also evidence following a chronic stressor regimen. The data were related to previously observed strain differences in stressor-induced alterations of brain norepinephrine, dopamine and serotonin, as well as variations in performance in several behavioral paradigms.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Management of supracondylar fractures of the femur with Zickel supracondylar nails.

Twenty-one cases of supracondylar fracture of the femur treated at St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, during 1983-86, by intramedullary Zickel supracondylar nails were reviewed. The causes were high energy trauma in young patients (six), minor trauma in elderly patients (13), and metastatic malignant fracture (two). The functional results were considered excellent in 10, good in six and poor in five. There were two cases of superficial wound infection. All cases united after 3-6 months. The best functional results were in those patients below 60 years or with pathological fractures. It is concluded that internal fixation of supracondylar fractures of the femur with Zickel supracondylar nails is a successful technique and can be performed by open and closed methods. It is most useful in osteoporotic or pathological bone which is unsuitable for bone plating.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Alkaline phosphatases. Newer concepts in isoenzymes and clinical applications.

ALP is a profoundly ubiquitous enzyme that originates in many, if not all, mammalian tissues. The development of a simple ISEF technique has allowed reflection of at least 12 cellular components. Improvements in technique may add further zones of information. The aura of darkness surrounding ALP is being slowly dissipated.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1988

Role of retroviruses in acquired hypogammaglobulinaemia.

Mononuclear cells were obtained from 42 patients with 'common variable' hypogammaglobulinaemia (CVH) and co-cultured with various cell lines in an attempt to isolate retroviruses. Cultures from only two patients showed evidence of a viral infection, although the virus could not be isolated and characterized in either. Despite the previous isolation of HIV's from two other CVH patients, this data suggests that similar viruses are not etiologically involved in the majority of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Separation and identification of alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes and isoforms in serum of healthy persons by isoelectric focusing.

We have developed an isoelectric focusing procedure for resolving alkaline phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.1) isoenzymes and isoforms in serum. We use a thin-layer agarose gel film containing synthetic carrier ampholytes and a "separator" to flatten the pH gradient in the region of the isoenzyme and isoform isoelectric points. Sharp, highly resolved zones of enzyme activity are obtained by limiting diffusion; for this we rapidly couple the released product, 1-naphthol, to a diazonium salt, which forms a colored precipitate at the site of activity. We have resolved and identified 12 zones of alkaline phosphatase activity in the serum of ostensibly healthy persons within a wide age range. Theoretically, three basic isoenzymes are produced from independent gene loci: intestinal, placental, and nonspecific tissue alkaline phosphatase. The other zones of activity may be isoforms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Improving communication: a practical programme for teaching trainees about communication issues in the general practice consultation.

This paper describes a teaching programme, for use in general practice vocational training, which provides a theoretical and practical framework for exploring key aspects of the consultation with trainees. A particular emphasis is on the educational or 'cognitive' outcomes of the consultation and skills for improving them. The five stages of the programme are described and an example of experience of each stage is given. The paper concludes with an evaluation of the programme by the trainers, trainees and social scientist involved.

Communication↗
PubMed1982

Precocious puberty associated with craniopharyngioma.

Craniopharyngiomas in children are usually associated with growth retardation and hypogonadism. A patient with a craniopharyngioma treated with radiotherapy, who later developed isosexual precocious puberty, is described. She was treated with cyproterone acetate with a good clinical response. We suggest that craniopharyngiomas may become a more frequent cause of precocious puberty now that conservative therapy has been advocated for the condition.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1982

Plasma sialyl transferase total and isoenzyme activity in the diagnosis of cancer of the colon.

Total plasma sialyltransferase (ST) activity was elevated in patients with colonic adenocarcinoma; the incidence of abnormal values ranged from 33% in patients with no evidence of metastases (T2N0M0) to 86% in patients with advanced metastatic disease (T2-5N1M1). Isoenzyme analysis revealed that normal serum contains a major band (ST2) probably derived from red cells, and a minor band (ST1) thought to be derived from platelets. An additional band, designated STN, intermediate in mobility between the two other bands, was found in patients with colonic adenocarcinoma, ranging in incidence from 50% to 86% in patients free of metastases and those with widespread metastases. Histological studies suggested that this abnormal isoenzyme was more likely to occur in the serum of patients whose tumor was well differentiated.

Clinical Enzyme Tests↗
PubMed1982

Comparison of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and radioimmunoassay for prostate-specific acid phosphatase in prostatic disease.

We compared results by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with those by a standard radioimmunoassay (RIA) for detection and quantitation of prostate-specific acid phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.2) in serum. Control subjects, patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia, and patients in all four clinical stages of prostatic adenocarcinoma were tested. The upper limit of normal (95% of the population) by the ELISA was 2.0 micrograms/L, and by the RIA was 2.2 micrograms/L. In prostatic adenocarcinoma stage I (not detectable by digital rectal examination), ELISA was slightly more sensitive than RIA, but sensitivity was still relatively low (20%). As tumor mass increased (stages II through IV), the frequency of increased concentrations of prostatic acid phosphatase in serum also increased. We confirmed this increase in circulating enzyme in some cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia and suggest that this finding is related to either acinar cytolysis or an increase in acini size and number. Although prostate-specific acid phosphatase is not a cancer-specific enzyme, we conclude that its measurement may be of considerable value in monitoring prostatic disease.

Acid Phosphatase↗