Biomedical subjects

J Grimson

Publications and source records attributed to J Grimson.

13 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1999

An IT awareness programme for the health sector in Ireland.

This paper describes an Awareness Programme delivered throughout Ireland which aims to increase the level of understanding of healthcare professionals as to the benefits of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) and of emerging trends in Health Informatics in Europe. The programme examines the use of ICT across the whole health sector--primary, secondary and tertiary. It has been delivered at over 30 centres to more than 1500 health professionals.

Computer Literacy↗

PubMed1999

Healthcare users and computerised resources.

This paper concerns users' views on computerised resources. The focus concerns a software tool that could be used to allow safety conscious user manipulation of the combination of these computerised resources. It is of concern to the authors that computerised resources used in healthcare should reflect users' working practices rather than working practices being changed to reflect computerised resources.

Attitude to Computers↗

PubMed1999

Synapses/SynEx goes XML.

This paper describes the first approach to use the Extensible Markup Language (XML) as a data interchange/delivery format in the Synapses and SynEx healthcare environment. It will ease the semantic mapping between healthcare systems (server-server, server-client) and make them more interoperable.

Computer Systems↗

PubMed1998

A CORBA-based integration of distributed electronic healthcare records using the synapses approach.

The ability to exchange in a meaningful, secure, and simple fashion relevant healthcare data about patients is seen as vital in the context of efficient and cost-effective shared or team-based care. The electronic healthcare record (EHCR) lies at the heart of this information exchange, and it follows that there is an urgent need to address the ability to share EHCR's or parts of records between carers and across distributed health information systems. This paper presents the Synapses approach to sharing based on a standardized shared record, the Federated Healthcare Record, which is implemented in an open and flexible manner using the Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA). The architecture of the Federated Healthcare Record is based on the architecture proposed by the Technical Committee 251 of the European Committee for Standardization.

Medical Record Linkage↗

PubMed1996

Specifying an open clinical laboratory information system.

This paper presents an overview of the architectural infrastructure in which existing laboratory information systems can be made to interoperate with additional modules offering a range of advanced clinical laboratory functionalities. The infrastructure is based on an open distributed computing platform, and its specification is described using the open distributed processing reference model.

Clinical Laboratory Information Systems↗

PubMed1996

Computational viewpoint of the OpenLabs architecture.

The computational viewpoint of the OpenLabs architecture specification concentrates on the definition of the functional interfaces between the logical modules that make up the clinical laboratory as defined in the enterprise and information viewpoints. A method is presented which transforms the information models into a specification written in Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1). It is then shown how the specification can be translated into an Interface Definition Language (IDL) of a 'middleware' product which can then be compiled for implementation on a distributed system.

Clinical Laboratory Information Systems↗

PubMed1995

The Jupiter approach to interoperability with healthcare legacy systems.

This paper describes a novel approach to supporting interoperability between autonomous healthcare information systems. The approach, which has been implemented in the Jupiter system, is founded on the development of a formal model of legacy systems that are used as the basis for the definition of a language to support interoperability. Jupiter gives users a uniform, integrated view of heterogeneous, distributed, independent information systems. The target domain of Jupiter is healthcare, although the solution is sufficiently generic to be applicable elsewhere.

Computer Systems↗

PubMed1995

The OpenLabs approach to clinical laboratory computing.

This paper describes the architectural infrastructure to support a number of advanced functionalties for the clinical laboratory developed by OpenLabs. This infrastructure is based on an open distributed computing platform. A brief overview is given of the advanced functionalities provided by the OpenLabs modules through the novel application of knowledge-based systems, databases, and telematics; we also describe the communications architecture which allows these modules to interoperate with each other and with existing Laboratory Information Systems and instruments. The OpenLabs approach to the provision of generic interfaces to such existing systems is described, together with the OpenLabs Service Manager which supports the automated management of the laboratory in this distributed computing environment.

Artificial Intelligence↗

PubMed1994

KAVAS-2: Knowledge Acquisition, Visualization and Assessment System.

The objective of KAVAS-2 is the development of a tool, named KAVIAR, with which domain experts can make their knowledge explicit. It contains components for (computer assisted) knowledge elicitation and for machine learning. A key issue in KAVAS is the assessment of the quality of the classification and domain models built. Various quality measures are available and implemented in KAVIAR to assess the quality of models, specifically those developed from data bases by machine learning techniques.

Computer Simulation↗

PubMed1994

OpenLabs: the application of advanced informatics and telematics for optimization of clinical laboratory services.

OpenLabs has four major objectives: to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of clinical laboratory services by the integration of Knowledge Based Systems (KBSs) with Laboratory Information Systems (LISs) and equipment; to provide and implement standard solutions for Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) between laboratories and other medical systems; to specify a fully Open architecture for an integrated Clinical LIS and demonstrate the integration of various KBS modules on the open architecture platform; and to demonstrate the integration of OpenLabs modules with existing LISs.

Clinical Laboratory Information Systems↗

PubMed1994

A methodology for evaluation of knowledge-based systems in medicine.

Evaluation is critical to the development and successful integration of knowledge-based systems into their application environment. This is of particular importance in the medical domain--not only for reasons of safety and correctness, but also to reinforce the users' confidence in these systems. In this paper we describe an iterative, four-phased development evaluation cycle covering the following areas: (i) early prototype development, (ii) validity of the system, (iii) functionality of the system, and (iv) impact of the system.

Artificial Intelligence↗

PubMed1993

Knowledge based lipid management system for general practitioners.

The aim of this system is to provide computer generated interpretative reports with management advice for General Practitioners (GPs). The lipid domain was chosen because of its importance in preventive medicine. Request forms to elicit extra clinical information were designed and distributed to a group of randomly selected GPs. Interpretation of laboratory and clinical data categorizes patients according to risk of coronary heart disease. The management system is rule based and provides advice on lifestyle modifications, diet and drug intervention. Previous clinical and laboratory results are taken into account in determining a management strategy. To date 435 request forms have been processed: 309 (71%) from first visits and 126 (29%) from follow-up visits. Normal lipid profiles were found in 19% of cases. There was 93% agreement between management advice given by the system and the expert. The system has now been modified and further evaluation is under way.

Artificial Intelligence↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Federated healthcare record server--the Synapses paradigm.

The delivery of healthcare relies on the sharing of patient information between those who are providing for the care of the patient and this information is increasingly being expressed in terms of a 'record'. Further, it is desirable that these records are available in electronic form as Electronic HealthCare Records. As it is likely that patient records or parts of records will be stored in many different information systems and in the form of disparate record architectures, uniform access to patient records would be problematic. This paper presents an overview of the Synapses computing environment in which a Federated Healthcare Record Server provides uniform access to patient information stored in connected heterogeneous autonomous information systems and other Synapses servers. The Synapses record architecture is based on the architecture proposed by the Technical Committee 251 of the European Committee for Standardisation and the interfaces to the Synapses server are specified in the ISO standard Interface Definition Language. Synapses is a pan-European project involving a number of hospitals, software companies, universities and research institutes and is partly funded by the EU Health Telematics Programme. The overview is described in terms of the Open Distributed Processing Reference Model.

Computer Communication Networks↗