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J H Coggin

Publications and source records attributed to J H Coggin.

72 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1973

Prevention of simian virus 40 tumors by hamster fetal tissue: influence of parity status of donor females on immunogenicity of fetal tissue and on immune cell cytotoxicity.

Fetal tissue from primiparous hamsters prevented simian virus 40 (SV40) tumorigenesis in male hamsters, whereas fetal tissue from multiparous hamsters did not. The parity status of normal (uninoculated) hamsters also influenced the cytotoxicity of their lymphoid cells against tumor cells. Lymph node cells from nonpregnant primiparous and multiparous animals were cytotoxic in microcytotoxicity tests against SV40, polyoma, and adenovirus 7 tumor cells, but were not active against control BHK cells. Lymph node cells from virgin female donors were inactive. Peritoneal exudate cells from these donors reacted in similar fashion against SV40 tumor cells in vitro and in adoptive transfer tests in vivo. However, the cytotoxicity of peritoneal exudate cells from multiparous hamsters was greatly reduced during pregnancy, a time when noncytotoxic humoral antibody reactive with surface antigen of SV40 tumor cells is present. This humoral antibody is not detected during first pregnancy, and peritoneal exudate cells obtained from pregnant primiparous hamsters demonstrated a high degree of cytotoxicity.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1971

Suppressive effect of immunization with mouse fetal antigens on growth of cells infected with Rauscher leukemia virus and plasma-cell tumors.

The recovery of spleen cells infected with Rauscher leukemia virus (RLV) and grown in Millipore diffusion chambers, the development of RLV-induced splenomegaly, and the cumulative mortality from a transplanted ascites plasma-cell tumor were all suppressed in young adult BALB/c male mice previously primed at 3-weekly intervals with x-irradiated, syngeneic embryo cells. RLV-induced splenomegaly was also suppressed by adoptive transfer of postpartal spleen cells, as well as spleen cells for animals primed with syngeneic embryo cells. Similar suppressions were not observed in mice primed with neonatal or normal syngeneic cells. Further, injection of fetal cells was not effective in suppressing the immune function of normal spleen cells, as measured by ability to elaborate a primary immunoglobulin M response to heterologous erythrocyte antigen. The results of this study add to the broad spectrum of tumors of experimental animals and man known to contain neoantigens common to fetal cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1969

Enhanced virus transformation of hamster embryo cells in vitro.

Since transformation of hamster cells in vitro by simian virus 40 (SV40) is a rare event in a homogeneously infected cell population, physiochemical studies of the events of virus transformation are difficult. Similarly, other deoxyribonucleic acid-containing oncogenic viruses produce transformed-cell foci in vitro with low efficiency. Sublethal doses of X-ray irradiation, as well as preincubation of hamster embryo cells with the radiomimetic analogue, 5-iododeoxyuridine, markedly sensitized hamster embryo cells to SV40 in vitro. Agents were used at dosages which neither produced lethality nor caused neoplastic transformation in the absence of virus. Embryo cells maintained in vitro for long periods of time became increasingly more sensitive to SV40 transformation. Radiation also stimulated transformation by adenovirus 31. Delay in the addition of virus to preirradiated cells reduced the susceptibility to transformation by SV40 which was observed for cells infected immediately after irradiation, suggesting that radiation repair mechanisms or, possibly, release from radiation-induced "mitotic delay" may interfere with the process of neoplastic conversion by SV40.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1966

Metabolism of 6-Mercaptopurine by Resistant Escherichia coli Cells.

Coggin, Joseph H. (University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill.), Muriel Loosemore, and William R. Martin. Metabolism of 6-mercaptopurine by resistant Escherichia coli cells. J. Bacteriol. 92:446-454. 1966.-6-Mercaptopurine (MP) utilization as a source of purine in MP-sensitive and -resistant cultures of Escherichia coli was investigated. The label of MP-8-C(14) appeared in adenine and guanine of ribonucleic acid and deoxyribonucleic acid in sensitive and resistant cultures. Studies using MP-S(35) further demonstrated that the MP moiety was degraded, as shown by a rapid decrease in radioactivity from cells upon exposure to MP for 20 min. Enzymatic analysis showed that MP was converted to 6-mercaptopurine ribonucleotide (MPRP) by extracts derived from both sensitive and resistant cells. Resistant cell preparations, however, degraded MPRP to inosine monophosphate (IMP) rapidly when compared with analogue degradation by sensitive cells. Inosineguanosine-5'-phosphate pyrophosphorylase from resistant cells did not catalyze the synthesis of IMP from hypoxanthine when the cells were cultured in the presence of MP, but these enzyme preparations actively converted guanine to guanosine monophosphate (GMP). Pyrophosphorylase derived from resistant cells cultured in medium without MP catalyzed the conversion of hypoxanthine to IMP and also guanine to GMP. These observations suggest that inosine-guanosine-5'-phosphate pyrophosphorylase is composed of two distinct enzymes. The mode of resistance to MP in E. coli is related to an enhancement of the enzymatic degradation of MPRP to the pivotal purine intermediate, IMP.

Journal Article↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Oncofetal antigens.

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Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

37 kiloDalton oncofetal antigen protein and immature laminin receptor protein are identical, universal T-cell inducing immunogens on primary rodent and human cancers.

Based upon positive immunologic comparisons, protein and cDNA sequencing, and in vitro and in vivo immunogenicity studies we propose that carcinomas, sarcomas and lymphomas/leukemias of rodents and humans share 37 kDa Onco-Fetal Antigen [OFA] as a T and B-lymphocyte stimulating, universal tumor specific transplantation antigen [UTSTA]. In the past four years, biochemical studies from several laboratories studying laminin receptor protein and immunological studies of OFA from our laboratories independently converged. OFA protein and immature or precursor Laminin Receptor Protein [iLRP] are > 99% identical proteins based on amino acid and cDNA sequencing and immunobiology studies summarized here. Acquired expression of 37 kDa OFA/iLRP enables malignant tumor cells to penetrate laminin tissue and vessel barriers. 37 kDa OFA/iLRP activates precursor thymic anti-OFA/iLRP specific cytotoxic T cell which kill emerging pretumor cells. Our reported findings also demonstrate that OFA/iLRP can function to induce specific immunoregulatory CD8 T-suppressor cells secreting IL-10 which impair effector T-cell killing of emerging tumor cells non-specifically and thereby facilitate tumor progression. Potential applications of OFA/iLRP detection in early cancer formation, for monitoring patient T cell subclass responses to OFA/iLRP as a predictor of tumor progression, and the use of OFA/iLRP peptides for specific anti-tumor immunotherapy are presented.

Amino Acid Sequence↗