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Biomedical subjects

J H Daruna

Publications and source records attributed to J H Daruna.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Psychosocial effects on immune function: neuroendocrine pathways.

Psychoneuroimmunology represents the newest interdisciplinary endeavor relevant to psychosomatic medicine. Work in this area is particularly exciting because it promises to reveal a more unified view of the individual and the complex interactions between social, psychological, neural, endocrinological, immunological, and genetic factors that contribute to disease. This article reviews the major biological pathways implicated in the psychosocial modulation of immune function and disease resistance.

Autonomic Nervous System↗
PubMed1989

Unilateral temporal lobe lesions alter P300 scalp topography.

Event related potentials were recorded from patients with unilateral temporal lobe lesions and healthy volunteers. Subjects were required to silently count on infrequent target tone interspersed among presentations of a non-target tone, with an interval between tones that was relatively long and variable (6-10s). Under these task conditions, the patients were found to have P300 amplitudes that were smaller on the lesioned side relative to the non-lesioned side. This finding is interpreted as evidence that temporal lobe lesions affect the configuration of intracranial sources generating the P300 component of event-related potentials.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1987

Short-term psychiatric hospitalization of children.

Recent changes in psychiatric practice, fueled in part by national economic trends, have contributed to the increasing use of short-term psychiatric hospitalization for children. The authors discuss specific approaches to treatment planning, milieu therapy, family work, and individual therapy that help maximize a patient's stay on the short-term psychiatric unit for latency-age children at Tulane University Hospital. Data on diagnosis and length of stay of children admitted during the first two years of the unit's operation are presented, and specific attributes of latency development that affect the short-term process are discussed.

Child↗
PubMed1985

Introversion, attention and the late positive component of event-related potentials.

Variation in P3 amplitude across normal individuals under the same experimental conditions has been routinely observed. The possibility that such variation reflects individual differences in the allocation of attention was examined by comparing P3 amplitude in introverts and extraverts, who are thought to differ in the allocation of attention during monotonous tasks. Event-related potentials were recorded while the subjects participated in a lengthy stimulus prediction task. P3 amplitude was determined by principal components analysis and it was found to be significantly larger for the introverts than for the extraverts. This finding is interpreted as evidence that P3 amplitude is sensitive to individual differences in the allocation of attention.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Comparison of regional serotonin levels and turnover in the brain of naturally high and low aggressive rats.

Rats, matched by weight and goal approach, were tested for aggressiveness using a food-competition paradigm. Those winning and those losing all of their matches were designated as high and low aggressive, respectively. A third group of randomly selected rats never fought and were used as a control for the fighting experience. Half of the rats were used to determine serotonin (5-HT) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) levels in discrete brain regions. The other half were used to estimate 5-HT turnover in the same brain regions. High and low aggressive rats did not differ with regard to 5-HT or 5-HIAA levels, but high aggressive rats showed faster 5-HT turnover than low aggressive rats. The turnover differences reached statistical significance in only two of the 3 brain regions examined: (a) all structures (minus olfactory bulbs) rostral to the level of the anterior commissure, and (b) the brain stem (hypothalamus-midbrain-medulla). The observed differences cannot be attributed to differing behavioral experiences since the high and low aggressive groups pooled did not differ from the no-fighting control. These findings are discussed with respect to the involvement of serotonin in rat intraspecies aggression.

Aggression↗